突破13-连词与并列句-2023年中考英语一轮复习语法知识专项突破(通用版).docx

2023年中考英语一轮复习语法知识专项突破(通用版)13
连词与并列句
【知识突破】
1、连词的含义：连接词与词、短语与短语、或引导从句的词叫连接词。
2、连词的分类：连词分为并列连接词和从属连接词两种。
（1）并列连接词连接并列的词、短语、从句或句子。常见的并列连接词有：and(和),but(但是),or(或者,否则),nor(也不), so(所以), however(然而,无论如何),for(因为),still(可是),as well as(也),both..and...(...和...), not only ...but also...(不但…而且…), either… or…(或…或…),neither… nor…(既不…也不…)等。
（2）从属连接词用于引导从句,常见的从属连接词有：
when(当…时候), while(正当…时候), after(在…之后), before(在…之前), since(自从), until(直到), although/though(虽然), if(假如), as(如…一样；由于), as …as…(和…一样), as far as(就…而言), as long as(只要), as soon as(一…就…), even if(即使), because(因为), unless (除非), than(比…), whether (是否…), in order that…(为了), so…that…(如此…以致), so that…(以便), now that…(现在既然), by the time…(到…时候), every time…(每当), as if…(仿佛),no matter when(或whenever)(无论何时),no matter where(或wherever)(无论在哪里)等。
［连词辨析］
(1) because、as、since、for的用法：because(因为)表示原因的语气最强,常表示必然的因果关系,从句一般放在主句后面；另外,回答why的问句只能用because. as(因为)表示一般的因果关系,语气比because弱,说明比较明显的原因,它引导的从句可以放在句首也可以放在句尾。since(既然)表示对方已经知道、无需加以说明的原因或事实。for(因为)是并列连词,语气较弱,用来补充说明理由或提供一种解释。如：He is not at school today because he is seriously ill.（他今天没有上学因为他病得厉害）/ As all of you have got here, now, let’s go to the zoo.（既然大伙儿都到了我们就去动物园吧）/ I will ask Lin Tao to go with me since you are very busy.（既然你很忙我就叫林涛和我一起去吧）/ We must be off now for the match starts at 7：00.（我们得走了因为比赛在七点开始）
(2)if、whether的区别：表示“是否”时,if和whether同义,引导宾语从句,另外,whether还可以引导主语从句、表语从句(以及同位语从句)等名词性从句或者让步状语从句；而if还可以表示“如果”,引导条件状语从句,(主句与从句遵循主将从现的原则)。如：I don’t know if/whether he will arrive on time.（我不知道他是不是会按时到达）/ I will ring you up if he arrives on time.（如果他按时到达我会给你打电话的）
[注意]下列情况只能用whether不能用if：①引导主语从句,②引导表语从句,③引导从句作介词宾语,④引导不定式短语,⑤引导让步状语从句,⑥在动词discuss之后,⑦在wonder / not sure之后,⑧在if与whether含义易混时。如：Whether it is a fine day next Sunday is still a question.（下个星期天是不是个好天还是个问题）(引导主语从句) / Please ask him whether to go there with a raincoat or not.（请问一下带不带雨衣去那儿）(作动词的宾语) / Hainan is the place to be, whether it’s summer or winter.（海南是个该去的地方无论冬夏）(引导让步状语从句)/ Please let me know whether you need my help.（请告诉我你是否需要我的帮助）(引导宾语从句)(如果换成if则还可能表示“如果你需要我的帮助请告知”)
(3)while、when、as的用法区别：while常表示一个较长的动作,它引导的从句动作与主句的动作是同时发生的、是平行的；when可以表示较短的动作也可以表示较长的动作,主句和从句的动作可以同时发生也可以先后发生；as与上两词同义,可替换while和when, 表示主句和从句的动作同时发生,常译为“一边……一边……”。如：Please do not trouble me while I am writing my homework.（我写作业时请不要打扰我）/ I’ll go home when I have finished my job.（我干完了活儿就回去）/ They were running quickly across the road when they heard the sound of a truck coming.（他们正快速地穿过马路忽然听到了卡车开来的声音）/ As we walked in the dark street, we sang songs and talked loudly.（当我们在黑洞洞的街上走路时我们高声地唱歌说话）
(4)till/until与not…till/until的区别：前者表示一个延续性的动作,后者表示一个才开始的动作。如：I will stay here and watch the baby until you return.（我会呆在这里看着娃娃直到你回来）(stay这个动作一直进行到你return) / They won’t go on working until they get what they think is reasonable.（他们要到获得了他们认为合理的东西时才会继续干下去的）
另外till与until基本可以互换,但是在句首时只能用until,不能用till. 如：Until the last minute of the match we kept playing.（我们坚持到比赛的最后一分钟）/ Not until he had finished his work did he go home.（直到做完工作他才回家）（倒装句）
(5)though与although的区别：两个词都表示“虽然”,均不可以与but同时使用,但在句中可加still或yet连用。although“尽管、虽然”仅作连词,比较正式,一般可以换为though； though“虽然、尽管、即使”,还可以与even连用(=even if),表示“即使、纵然”,作副词时意思是“然而、不过”,不能放在句首。如：He passed the exams although illness prevented him from going to classes.（尽管疾病使他无法上课但是他还是通过了考试）/ she won’t leave the TV set,even though her husband is waiting for her for the supper.（她不愿离开电视机虽然丈夫在等她吃饭）/ It was a quiet party. I had a good time, though.（这是个不热闹的聚会尽管如此我还是玩得很开心）
(6)prefer to…rather than…与prefer…to…的区别：prefer to…rather than…后面都是用动词原形,prefer…to…都是用动名词或名词。如：I prefer English to Japanese.（与日语相比我更喜欢英语）/ I prefer to learn English rather than learn Japanese. （与日语相比我更喜欢学英语）
3.并列句
并列句是由两个或两个以上并列而又独立的简单句构成。两个简单句常由并列连接词连在一起；但有时不用连接词,只在两个简单句之间用一逗号或分号。
常见的并列句有：
(1) 用来连接两个并列概念的连接词有and , not only…but also…, neither…nor…等,and所连接的前后分句往往表示先后关系、递进关系。前后分句的时态往往保持一致关系,若第一个分句是祈使句,那么第二个分句用将来时。
(2) 表示在两者之间选择一个, 常用的连接词有or,otherwise,or else,either…or…等,前后分句的时态往往保持一致关系,若第一个分句是祈使句,那么第二个分句用将来时。
(3) 表明两个概念彼此有矛盾、相反或者转折, 常用的连接词有but,yet,still ,however等,前后分句时态一致。
(4) 说明原因, 用连接词for ,前后分句时态一致。
(5) 表示结果,用连接词so, 前后分句时态一致。
【能力突破】
1. I can sing, ________ I can’t dance.
A. and B. or C. but D. /
2. Mr. Brown knows little Japanese, ________ he can’t understand the instructions on the bottle of the pills.
A. so B. or C. but D. for
3. I have to stay up late, ________ I have a lot of work to do.
A. so B. and C. for D. but
4. Math is interesting, ________ it’s difficult.
A. and B. but C. so D. or
5. —I don’t like fish ________ chicken. What about you?
—I don’t like fish, ________ I like chicken.
A. and; and B. and; or C. or; but D. but; or
6. The boy is not very tall, ________ he runs very fast.
A. and B. so C. but D. or
7. I can’t play tennis, ________ I like to watch tennis games.
A. so B. or C. and D. but
8. My book __________ my radio are on the sofa, __________ my schoolbag is not.
A. and; and B. but; but C. but; and D. and; but
9. Mr. Black works for long hours. He is tired, ________he is happy.
A. and B. with C. but D. of
10. Some food tastes good, ________ it is usually bad for our health.
A. so B. but C. and D or
11. Mr. Smith has helped me a lot, _________ I’m thankful to him.
A. or B. but C. for D. so
12. I don’t have an alarm clock, ________ my brother has one.
A. but B. and C. or D. a
13. —Can you sing ________ dance?
—I can sing.
A. when B. or C. if D. but
14. We can’t all do great things, ________ we can do small things with great love.
A. and B. but C. or D. for
15. She likes science ________ she thinks it’s fun.
A. or B. but C. so D. because
16. —How time flies! The middle school life is coming to an end.
—Yes. We have to say goodbye, ___________ our friendship will last forever.
A. and B. but C. or
17. This pair of shoes are nice, ________ I don’t like the color.
A. for B. so C. but D. or
18. I like vegetables, ________ I often have carrots and tomatoes.
A. with B. so C. but D. on
19. My brother likes fishing, ______ I don’t like it.
A. for B. so C. but D. or
20. I haven’t got any apple juice, ________ I’ve got some orange juice. Would you like some?
A. but B. and C. or D. for
21. ________ Tom was late again, ________ the teacher was very angry.
A. /; so B. Because; so C. /; because D. /; but
22. I didn’t go to the cinema yesterday, ________ I had a very important meeting to attend.
A. or B. so C. but D. for
23. —Lily, do you like sunny days ________ rainy days?
—I like sunny days.
A. and B. but C. or D. so
24. Smile at the world ________  the world will smile back to you.
A. but B. and C. or D. though
25. ________ are both in Class 1, Grade 7.
A. Jane and I B. I and Jane C. Jane with I D. Jane and me
26. —Everyone should be careful not to catch COVID-19 (新冠).
—You’re right. ________ the adults ________ the children must wear masks when they go out.
A. Not only...but also B. Neither...nor C. Either...or
27. I’d like to go with you, _____________I’m too busy.
A. or B. and C. so D. but
28. Gifts from friends may be cheap, ________ the love from them is valuable.
A. so B. but C. or D. and
29. You can't decide whether or not you like something until you try it, ________ it's important to try something new.
A. but B. or C. so D. and
30. Work hard and be patient, ________ your dream won’t come true.
A. or B. and C. but D. so
31. People in some countries waste water ________ people in others don’t have enough to drink.
A. because B. while C. or D. so
32. My cousin likes doing sports in his free time, ________ I prefer listening to music.
A. if B. while C. as soon as D. unless
33. Ants will form a bridge if there is a river in the path, _________ the other ants can travel across.
A. but B. for C. or D. so
34. Emily, you are playing video games again! Study hard, ______ you will fail in the coming exam.

A. then B. so C. and D. or
35. I can sing  ________ dance, but I can’t play the violin ________ the piano.
A. and; or B. or;  and C. and;  but D. also;  or
36. Tim is young，______，he can speak three languages.
A. but B. yet
C. however D. though
37. Give me your email address, _______I’ll send you the form.
A. or B. and C. but D. nor
38. David is weak in science, ________ he never gives it up.
A. or B. so C. but D. for
39. She ________ math ________ it's boring.
A. doesn't likes; because B. doesn't like; and C. don't like; and D. doesn't like; because
40. The doctors worked for twelve hours, ________ none of them took a break.
A. so B. but C. because D. although
41. She was tired. she continued her work.
A. so B. until C. but D. that
42. There’s a long distance from home to Century Park, ________ you’d better set off right now.
A. or B. but C. nor D. so
43. A man cannot smile like a child,   a child smiles with his eyes, while a man smiles with his lips alone.
A. so B. but C. and D. for
44. I can't play ________ my friends ________ watch TV after school.
A. with；or B. with；and C. to；or D. to；and
45. We have math Friday .It’s difficult interesting .
A. on ; and B. on ; but C. in; but D. in; and
46. Car racing is exciting，　　　it's very dangerous.
A. and B. or C. so D. but
47. You can’t decide whether or not you like something until you try it, it’s important to try something new.
A. but B. or C. so
48. You may play computer games, ____ must finish your homework first.
A. so B. or C. but D. and
49. — Tom Lily is coming.
—Yeah,I am so happy that they are free tomorrow.
A. Both;and B. Neither;nor
C. Either;or D. Not only;but also
50. The gold watch is very expensive, ________he won’t buy it.He ____a plastic one.
A. but; prefers buying B. and; prefers buying
C. so; prefers to buy D. or, prefers to buy
51. Della, don't stay up late, ________ you will feel sleepy the next day.
A. so B. or C. but D. and
52. My mother often plays table tennis __________my father doesn’t like sports.
A. and B. but C. so D. or
53. This is Betty ________ she is my friend, ________ she is not in my class.
A. and ; and B. but ; and C. and ; but D. but ; but
54. Amy has ten baseballs, she doesn't play them.
A. and B. with C. but D. so
55. Diana isn’t here, ______ leave a message on her desk.
A. or B. so C. and D. but
56. I like volleyball, ________ I don’t like football.
A. if B. so C. or D. but
57. — Would you like to come to my house for dinner?
— I’d love to. ____ I have lots of work to do.
A. so B. or C. and D. but
58. I love cola and hamburgers, ________ they are not healthy.
A. or B. so C. but D. and
59. I’m tidy, my sister is not.
A. and B. but C. under D. always
60. He is not good at study, ___ he can’t pass the exams.
A. but B. and C. so D. because
61. I like chicken but Tom _______ it.
A. like B. likes C. don’t like D. doesn’t  like
62. I study very hard, ________ my friend doesn’t.
A. but B. and C. so D. or
63. I like milk, ________ my mother doesn’t like it at all.
A. but B. so C. or D. because
64. Maths is not easy to learn, ___ we must work harder.
A. but B. or C. so D. and
65. Sally likes apples ________ bananas, _ she doesn’t like pears.
A. and; or B. and; but C. and; so D. or; so
66. Sweet snacks can give us energy, ________they are not healthy.
A. and B. or C. but D. then
67. I called Jim last night, ________ he didn’t answer the phone.
A. for B. and C. but D. or
68. Bob ________ Bill aren’t in the same school, ________ they are good friends.
A. and; and B. and; but C. but; but
69. —Would you like to come to dinner this evening?
—I’d like to, ________ I need to do my homework first.
A. and B. or C. but D. if
70. 【2017江苏南京】Give me a chance, ________ I’ll prove it to you.
A. and B. till C. though D. while
71. He is only a child , ______ he knows a lot.
A. and B. or C. but D. because
72. Mary promised to marry me last year, _________ she didn’t.
A. if B. though C. but D. although
73. I like math _______it’s difficult for me.
A. but B. and C. or D. because
74. This is my uncle___________ this is my aunt.
A. and B. but C. in D. on
75. The world is changing with every second; and China, too, _________ with every second.
A. is changing B. had changed C. changed D. will change
76. This is Jenny, ___________ that is Jim. They are my good friends.
A. or B. and C. too

77. They like apples, _______ they don't like bananas.
A. and B. but C. so D. or
78. My English is very good, _______ I often help Li Tao with it.
A. but B. so C. and D. then
79. Hawking is no longer with us, he will continue to inspire the world.
A. so B. if C. but D. as
80. I didn't know anyone at the party, I felt a bit lonely.
A. or B. so C. and D. but
81. ________ he used to be 200 kilos in the past, he has lost too much weight by exercising now.
A. Although B. So C. Until D. But
82. My bedroom is not big, ________ it is very nice.
A. and B. but C. or D. /
83. Ben was busy taking a training class, ______we had to wait for him for half an hour.
A. so B. if C. or D. but
84. We will never see Kobe play another basketball game, ________we will always remember him.
A. because B. unless C. but D. if
85. —What a heavy rain!
—You’d better set out a little earlier, ________ you’ll be late for school.
A. and B. but C. or D. so
86. David _______ in China, _______ his parents aren’t.
A. is; and B. are; and C. is; but D. are; but
87. 一What's the secret of success, Dr. Know?        
一 More time and effort, _________ you’ll make it some day.
A. yet B. or C. and D. but
88. Mary can play chess she can’ t swim.
A. but B. or C. and D. so
89. The dress is very nice, ________  it doesn’t look good on me.
A. or B. but C. so D. until
90. You were not listening, ______________ I stopped talking.
A. but B. when C. so D. or
91. 2018年上海长宁二模Martin didn't eat up all the food he ordered,________he took the rest away.
A. for B. or C. as D. so
92. Tom is a true friend, _____ I didn’t like him at the _____.
A. but; beginning B. or; end C. and; end D. and; beginning
93. Please dial 120 immediately, _______ the old man may die soon.
A. and B. or C. but D. so
94. Tom has two cousins, and________ are engineers.
A. both of whom B. both of them C. none of them D. either of them
95. We had a seven-day holiday last month,_____we went to Beijing on vacation.
A. so B. but C. or D. because
96. Please write down the address, you’ll forget it.
A. and B. so C. or
97. 2018年上海闵行二模Work really hard, ______you can realize your dream of becoming a pilot.
A. but B. so C. or D. and
98. The train was late, we had to wait for half an hour.
A. because B. or C. so
99. She has a sweet tooth________the sugar at home________quickly.
A. so；runs out B. because；runs out of C. so；runs out of

参考答案
1. C
【解析】句意：我会唱歌，但是我不会跳舞。
考查转折连词。and和，表并列、顺承；or否则；but但是，表转折。根据“I can sing…I can’t dance.”可知，前后两句是转折关系。故选C。
2. A
【解析】句意：布朗先生基本上不懂日语，所以他无法理解药瓶上的使用说明。
考查连词。so因此；or或者；but但是；for为了。根据“Mr. Brown knows little Japanese”可知，此处应用so，表示因果关