天津市耀华中学2022-2023学年高三上学期第一次月考英语试题(含答案).docx

天津市耀华中学2023届高三年级第一次月考
英语学科试卷
★请同学们将试题答案填涂或填写在答题卡上
本试卷分第I卷(选择题)，第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)和第III卷(听力试卷)三部分，共150分，第I，Ⅱ卷考试时间100分钟，听力考试时间为20分钟。
答卷前，请务必将自己的姓名、考号、座位号填写在答题卡上和密封线外相应位置。答卷时，务必将答案涂写在答题卡上，答在试卷上的无效。考试结束后，将答题卡和答题纸一并收回。
祝各位同学考试顺利!
第I卷(95分)
第一部分：英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节：单项填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分，15分)。
从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1. —I have been considering cancelling the project because it seems hard to go farther.
—But it’s too early to________ now. There’s still much hope.
A. have second thoughts B. throw in the towel
C. test the waters D. make ends meet
2. Many enterprising young people present their ideas________ getting investment and advice to start their own business.
A. at the cost of B. by means of C. as a result of D. in the hope of
3. ________leaving high school, Ernest Hemingway joined a local Kanas newspaper as a trainee reporter.
A. On B. At C. For D. In
4. Music boxes, toys that make pleasant sounds and soft music________ the babies’ sense of hearing, encouraging it development in their growth.
A. acquire B. display C. stimulate D. claim
5. Speech________ enables them to understand what a person is saying, and natural language processing is used to work out a response.
A. contribution B. recognition C. possession D. admission
6. Completed in________ was known as The Gilded Age, the five—storied mansion is now owned by a famous actor who stages the production of Shakespeare’s Hamlet.A. that B. what C. which D. who
7. Despite being a sports journalist with a successful career ahead of him, Mitch Albom feels that there is something________ from his life.
A. missing B. to miss C. being lost D. to be lost
8. —The test results are terrible. Is it too difficult for the students?
—Not really. Some students lost marks________ because they didn’t read the question properly.
A. automatically B. hardly C. deliberately D. simply
9. The painting of Apsaras are full of life, ________the confidence and optimism of people during the Tang Dynasty.
A. consuming B. distributing C. reflecting D. boasting
10. —What’s the problem, Sir?
—You________ at least at a speed of about 100 miles per hour.
A. are driving B. had driven C. were driving D. have been driving
11. In choosing one job from the two presented in front of us, we are unknowingly________ other future opportunities.
A. turning down B. breaking up C. putting away D. giving out
12. His private museum together with his art collections________ to the country as a gift.
A. has offered B. have offered C. is offered D. are offered
13. The beautiful scene, ________small, was an important moment on my journey to discovering the power of achieving health and happiness.
A. when B. unless C if D. although
14. This wealth of ways of sharing is a response to our increasing demand for quality goods and services at competitive prices, with all________ at the click of a button.
A. being delivered B. to deliver C. delivered D. having delivered
15. Green Equator Coffee is grown on the Green Equator Estate(庄园),________coffee is 100% organic and sells at a very low price.
A. where B. whose C. when D. which
第二节：完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Elsa Desmond knows she is not going to win a medal at the Beijing Winter Olympics, but she is ____16____ as the first women’s luge(无舵雪橇)Olympian from Ireland. She was the 26th to ____17____ the line in the first run of the women’s race on Monday night, ____18____ than none of the other athletes. However, that did not ____19____ to her and she celebrated with a large smile on her face.
Although she will not win in Beijing, she has already won some ____20____ . She had been given many reasons why she could not compete: she is too short, she did not start ____21____ at a young age, and she could not balance a(n) ____22____ job with competing in a sport. The biggest ____23____ simply might have been that Ireland did not have a luge organization. So, she ____24____ one herself; she had to self-fund.
Now, ____25____ , she is a luge Olympian. “I’m a doctor in general surgery, I have all these really ____26____ challenges, but I think everyone has worked as hard as they can to be here. ”She is expected to return to work on this Friday because she was given some time ____27____ to compete in the Olympics, and now she has ____28____ parts of her job.
Desmond has to balance these two ____29____ jobs—sliding a few months out of the year and living a life in medicine. There was a(n) ____30___ last season when she had to take important medical examinations in hotels in Germany where other sliders from different countries were staying. “I had to stick signs on my door saying ‘Do not disturb, exam in ____31____ , in about six different ____32____ .”
Desmond got the honor of ____33____ her country in Beijing, and being one of two people ____34____ Ireland’s flag during the opening ceremony on Friday. “I don’t think I can ____35____ words how excited I was to lead out the team. I really hope that I make my country proud.”
16. A. visiting B. studying C. leading D. competing
17. A. break B. cross C. follow D. draw
18. A. slower B. lower C. faster D. higher
19. A. upset B. respond C. happen D. matter
20. A. potentials B. challenges C. operations D. alternatives
21. A. swimming B. sliding C. sailing D. running
22. A. financial B. athletic C. medical D. educational
23. A. expectation B. achievement C. difficulty D. pleasure
24. A. started B. stopped C. continued D. joined
25. A. privately B. traditionally C. similarly D. officially
26. A. visible B. imaginary C. absurd D. dangerous
27. A. off B. up C. out D. away
28. A. ruined B. exceeded C. covered D. delayed
29 A. frustrating B. rewarding C. demanding D. embarrassing30. A. interview B. time C. vacation D. chance
31. A. peace B. need C. progress D. public
32. A. characters B. approaches C. styles D. languages
33. A. investigating B. preserving C. strengthening D. representing
34. A. holding B. raising C. preparing D. storing
35. A. set down B. put into C. pick up D. get through
第二部分：阅读理解(共20小题：每小题2.5分，满分50分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Behavior Under Risk: How Animals Avoid Becoming Dinner
By: Renee L. Rosier & Tracy Langkilde © 2021 Nature Education
Most animals face the risk of being eaten. To avoid becoming someone’s dinner, an organism must be able to identify predatory threats and employ effective strategies to avoid detection by predators. In the event that avoidance fails, animals can use strategies that will increase their chances of surviving attack if they do encounter predators.
Detecting predators (捕食者):
a. Visual — Many animals respond to general visual cues(提示), such as the presence of a new object or sudden movement. Other visual cues, including an animal’s size and behavior, can provide specific information about the identity and intention of a potential predator. For example, prey may be able to visually identify a predator based on its shape, size, and color, and can use the predator’s behavior to determine the immediate threat that it poses.
b. Auditory—Auditory cues can provide reliable, direct information about a predator’s presence, identity. These cues are especially helpful for nocturnal (夜间活动的) prey species or animals that avoid predators that frequently use sound to hunt or communicate. For example, toadfish recognize sound of dolphins when they are looking for food, one of their main predators, and reduce their activity levels in response.
c. Chemical — Chemical cues can be present in the air, in water, or on the ground, and can be detected by prey through smelling or tasting, providing a reliable indication of a predator’s presence even if it is visually undetectable. Some species are even able to determine how old a predator scent is, and will avoid only fresh scent cues as they indicate a predator’s recent presence. Animals can also use changes in the concentration or age of a scent to determine which direction a predator was traveling, in order to better avoid it.
d. Vibration (震动) — Vibration cues can provide useful information about a predator’s presence, and can be difficult for predators to hide. Many animals, including some spiders, caterpillars, and tadpoles, use vibrations as indicators of predator presence, and can distinguish vibrations made by predators, non-predators, and abiotic (非生命的) cues (such as rainfall). It is important for prey to be able to distinguish cues from threats versus non-threats, as responding to every tactile stimulus (触觉刺激) would waste time and energy, and may actually attract the attention of predators.
36. How many kinds of visual cues are mentioned in the passage?
A. Two. B. Three. C. Four. D. Five.
37. How does toadfish avoid threat from dolphins?
A. By making noises. B. By looking for food.
C. By responding actively. D. By reducing their move.
38. Which of the following cue can best be used to detect the direction of predators at night?
A. Visual. B. Auditory. C. Chemical. D. Vibration.
39. According to the passage, which of the following statements is NOT true?
A Chemical cues fail to function if the predators are out of sight.
B. Visual cues can be used as an indication of predators’ intention.
C. Vibration cues are reliable as predators can hardly stop vibrating.
D. Auditory cues help prey to figure out what kind of predators they meet.
40. Which of the following topic might be talked about in the following paragraphs?
A. Prey species and their behaviors B. Distinct Characteristics of Predators
C. Surviving Encounters with Predators D. Effective Ways to Find out Prey species
B
If you had asked me then if I would accept a job as a restaurant critic for The New York Times or others, I would have replied, “Definitely not! ” This was partly because I did not want to think of myself as an ambitious sort. Working in restaurants was honest labor, and anyone could see that. Writing about them for the mainstream press was not.
However, the renewing was fun, so much fun that when mainstream publishers started paying me for my opinions, I didn’t do the decent (体面的) thing, and before I knew it, I had stopped cooking professionally. Then I stopped cooking altogether. “She’s joined the leisure class.” my friend said.
I disarmed my critics by inviting them along; nobody I knew could afford to eat out and nobody refused. We went with equal amounts of guilt and pleasure, with a feeling that we were stepping onto the playgrounds of the rich.
We knew we didn’t belong to these grand restaurants. We always got the worst table, and since I didn’t own a credit card, I had to pay in cash. The year turned into two and three, and more. Then, I got a credit card as well as good clothes. I was writing for increasingly prestigious (声誉高的) publications. Meanwhile, a voice inside me kept whispering, “How could you?”
The voice is still there, never coming to a stop. When I receive weekly letters from people who think it is unacceptable to write about $100 meals while half the world is hungry, the voice rings right along, “They’re absolutely right, you elitist (精英) pig is not”. When it asks, “When are you going to grow up and get a real job?”, it sounds a lot like my mother.
It is just at that moment that I tell the voice to shut up because I realize all I’m doing with my life is telling rich people where to eat and how much the world has changed.
Yes, there are still restaurants where rich people go to remind themselves that they are different from you and me, but there are fewer and fewer of them. Going out to eat used to be like going to the opera; today, it is more like going to the movies.
Therefore, everyone has become a critic and I couldn’t be happier with this. The more people pay attention to what and how they eat, the more accustomed they become to their own senses and the world around them. As A. J. Liebling once said, all it really takes to be a restaurant critic is a good appetite.
41. What can we know from the first two paragraphs?
A. The author was too honest to work as a restaurant critic.
B. The author found it hard to work for the mainstream press.
C. The author didn’t think highly of the job as a restaurant critic.
D. The author wasn’t able to renew the work as a professional cook.
42. How did the author feel about eating out?
A. She felt like eating out with the rich.
B. She refused to eat out with the critics.
C. She had a mixed feeling about eating out.
D. She got much fun from being invited to eat out.
43. What does the author want to tell us by saying “The year turned into two, and three, and more.”?
A. She stayed in the career as a professional cook for years.
B. She took up the job of writing as a restaurant critic for years.
C. It took a long time for the publications to increase their prestige.
D. It was years before her application for a credit card got approved.
44. What changes have taken place to American restaurants?
A. Restaurants make people confused about their social status.B. Rich people can get special treat in some restaurants.
C. Ordinary people have become accustomed to fancy restaurants. o
D Restaurants have become affordable to common people.
45. Which of the following statements will the author probably agree with?
A. Eating out is not a privilege of the rich.
B. There is no need for restaurant critics at all.
C. The writer is getting tired of her current job.
D. Good appetite makes a good restaurant critic.
C
Tourists visiting the Canary Islands can often hear locals communicating over long distances by whistling—not a tune, but the Spanish language. The locals are communicating in Silbo, a much more widespread use of whistled languages. In at least 80 cultures worldwide, people have developed whistled versions of their local languages when the circumstances call for it.
Whistled languages are almost always developed by traditional cultures that live in mountainous regions or in dense forests. That’s because whistled speech carries much farther than ordinary speech or shouting, says Julien Meyer, a linguist who explores the topic of whistled languages. Skilled whistlers can reach 120 decibels (分贝) —louder than a car speaker. As a result, whistled speech can be understood up to 10 times as far away as ordinary shouting can. That lets people communicate when they cannot get close enough to shout.
Whistled languages work because many of the key elements of speech can be mimicked in a whistle. We distinguish one speech sound from another by minor differences in their sound frequency patterns. Whistlers can express all of these distinctions by varying the pitch (音高) of their whistle. And the skill can be adapted to any language, even those that have no tradition of whistling.
However whistled languages are disappearing rapidly all over the world, and some—such as the whistled form of the Tepehua language in Mexico—have already disappeared. Modernization is large