2022北京高一(上)期末英语汇编：阅读理解B篇.docx

2022北京高一（上）期末英语汇编
阅读理解B篇
一、阅读理解
（2022·北京海淀·高一期末）Although growing up in a poor family in post-war 1950s, Gloria Stewart remembers her poor but kindhearted parents always had an extra setting at their table, especially at Christmas.
The warmth of her mum and dad’s welcome for poor guests at the coldest time of the year inspired the 69-year-old grandmother to spread her own seasonal joy. “Mum and dad hadn’t even got a penny,” recalls Gloria. “But it didn’t matter. They’d never turn down any homeless one who knocked on the door.”
“When I became a mum, I tried to make the festive season as special as possible. However, I once met an old lady who was spending Christmas alone in bed. It broke my heart.”
In December 2007, Gloria hosted the first Home Alone lunch after advertising to the public and receiving donations. It took a special person with a big heart and an even bigger table to invite 87 lonely old people for Christmas. Her Home Alone event has lasted up to now.
Every Christmas, Gloria wears her most sparkly dress to serve the traditional roast to every table of her smiling, grateful guests, making time to speak to as many of them as possible. After her first lunch, Gloria was nicknamed Mrs. Christmas. And now she has written a book about her extraordinary life helping bring joy to the elderly who would normally spend Christmas alone.
She wrote in her book, “When I was a child, I had few friends and I was laughed at for being so poor. So I was determined no one else should bear the loneliness and hardship I had suffered.” Having battled cancer three times, Gloria became even more determined to make sure Christmas was not clouded by sadness.
Now the Home Alone event has grown to serving turkey lunch to over 500 happy guests. The kind lady received an award from Sheffield City Council for her efforts and was praised by former Prime Minister David Cameron.
But for Gloria, the real prize comes as she watches the smiles light up the faces of her lunch guests. She says, “There really is no greater reward. Just for a few hours they escape their loneliness and are surrounded by love.”
1．The first two paragraphs intend to tell us ________.
A．why Gloria had a suffering childhood
B．how Gloria’s parents celebrated Christmas
C．what memories Gloria had about her parents
D．that Gloria was inspired by her parents’ kind act
2．What made Gloria so determined
A．Her desire for success. B．Her parents’ will.
C．Her tough life experiences. D．Her friends’ encouragement.
3．Which would be the best title for this passage?
A．A Home Alone Event B．A Big-hearted Grandmother
C．A Special Memory of Christmas D．A Shared Christmas Dinner
（2022·北京西城·高一期末）When the COVID-19 pandemic forced the town in Manton, Michigan to shut down, Scott Chittle decided that the community needed a safe place to come together, and something to bring some joy during the boring winter months. And what is a better outdoor activity to get people outside in the cold than ice skating?
In order to make his dream a reality, Chittle searched the Internet for videos on how to build an ice rink (溜冰场). He ordered a large 3,000 square foot tarp (防水帆布) online and bought some wood to create the walls. It took 12 fire trucks from the local fire department to get enough water to fill the plot.
It took a little time as Chittle went door to door to convince people to come and see his creation, and soon Chittle’s backyard ice rink became a Manton hotspot. Parents joined in to help Chittle buy second-hand skates and hockey sticks for the neighborhood children. Soon enough, the children were skating and shooting.
“We kept seeing more things donated. It was fantastic because the whole community just came together. It was amazing how everybody worked together because of Scott.” says neighbor Audrey Hooker.
Skaters were welcome to come at any time. And each Saturday from 4 p.m. until 8 p.m., dozens of children and their parents gathered at the ice rink for skate parties. The children who had been confined to their homes for almost a year laughed and shouted with joy while skating around the rink. Parents gathered around feeling relief that their children had found a purpose again. It became a weekly event that neighbors could look forward to and it offered a place for people to see each other in a socially distanced way.
But the kindness didn’t stop with Chittle. When the community heard how much money he used to make this project happen, everyone helped. A fundraiser brought in about $1,300, and letters sent to Chittle’s home stuffed with cash brought in an additional $1,500, covering all of the costs with money to spare. Companies began sending supplies for next year’s ice rink including outdoor lights, a snow sweeping machine and shovels.
“This has been a community thing,” explains Chittle. “It’s not just me. I want to show the rest of the world what a little effort, the best intentions, and community can do not only for others but for the souls of all.”
4．Why did Chittle build a backyard ice rink?
A．To organize skate parties. B．To show off his creativity.
C．To get some money and outdoor supplies. D．To offer a safe social place and some fun.
5．What did the parents do to help with the ice rink?
A．Filled the ice rink with water. B．Raised money for Chittle.
C．Bought skates and hockey sticks. D．Convinced people to come.
6．What can we learn from the passage?
A．The ice rink is only open to children on Saturday.
B．The whole community contributed to the ice rink.
C．Chittle made much money after building the ice rink.
D．The parents felt relief because Chittle took care of their children.
7．Which of the following words can best describe Scott Chittle?
A．Honest and friendly. B．Careful and confident.
C．Humorous and polite. D．Kind and devoted.
（2022·北京平谷·高一期末）One day recently, Laurie Fenby was shopping at a garage sale in Rochester New York and as she was leaving, she found a wallet on the ground.
Laurie looked inside and found a Jamaican (牙买加人的) driver’s license, some American cash and some Jamaican cash. She tried all the usual ways to find the man, whose name was George. She couldn’t find him through Google or Facebook and then she asked for suggestions through Next door, a community website. Laurie received a lot of ideas and responses-some of them were not so positive. But one lady advised her to contact a little store that is known to have many Jamaican migrant workers as clients. Laurie called the store and found that yes, indeed, there was someone named George who lost his wallet.
Laurie suggested that the store owner contact George and have him call her. When George contacted her he was able to identify everything in the wallet and Laurie was able to return it. But it didn’t stop there. Laurie asked George, “What do you and the migrant workers need?” He said they need some warm clothes. Laurie immediately contacted the community and was able to organize a clothing drive. She received lots of coats, jackets, shoes and other supplies. Recently Laurie met George and the other migrant workers in Rochester, and she joined them to pick apples together.
They were so thankful to Laurie and her friends-and none of this community building or friendship would have happened if the wallet had stayed in George’s pocket.
8．From the first two paragraphs, we can know Laurie Fenby ________.
A．worked at a garage B．lost a wallet while shopping
C．knew many Jamaican workers D．tried many ways to find George
9．What does the underlined word “identify” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?
A．Gather. B．Select. C．Search. D．Tell.
10．What kind of person is Laurie Fenby?
A．Brave. B．Caring. C．Strict. D．Polite.
11．What is the author’s attitude towards what Laurie Fenby did?
A．Worried. B．Surprised. C．Supportive. D．Doubtful.
（2022·北京房山·高一期末）A DAY IN THE CLOUDS
The air is thin and we have to rest several times on the short hike from camp. To our left, snow-covered mountains disappear into clouds that seem almost close enough to touch. On the plain in front of us, we can just make out a herd of graceful animals. This is why we’ re here — to observe Tibetan antelopes.
Tibetan antelopes live on the plains of Tibet, Xinjiang, and Qinghai. Watching them move slowly across the green grass, I’ m struck by their beauty. I’ m also reminded of the danger they are in. They are being hunted, illegally, for their valuable fur.
My guide is Zhaxi, a villager from Changtang. He works at the Changtang National Nature Reserve. The reserve is a shelter for the animals and plants of northwestern Tibet. To Zhaxi, the land is sacred and protecting the wildlife is a way of life. “We’ re not trying to save the animals,” he says, “Actually, we’ re trying to save ourselves.”
The 1980s and 1990s were bad times for the Tibetan antelope. The population dropped by more than 50 percent. Hunters were shooting antelopes to make profits. Their habitats were becoming smaller as new roads and railways were built.
In order to save this species from extinction, the Chinese government placed it under national protection. Zhaxi and other volunteers watched over the antelopes day and night to keep them safe from attacks. Bridges and gates were added to let the antelopes move easily and keep them safe from cars and trains.
The measures were effective. The antelope population has recovered and in June 2015, the Tibetan antelope was removed from the endangered species list. The government, however, does not intend to stop the protection programmes, since the threats to the Tibetan antelope have not yet disappeared.
In the evening, I drink a cup of tea and watch the stars. I think about the antelopes and what Zhaxi told me. Much is being done to protect wildlife, but if we really want to save the planet, we must change our way of life. Only when we learn to exist in harmony with nature can we stop being a threat to wildlife and to our planet.
12．What’s the writer’s purpose of visiting Tibet?
A．To change our way of life and protect wildlife.
B．To observe a herd of graceful animals.
C．To save the antelope from extinction.
D．To go for a short hike from camp.
13．Which of the following measures was not taken to save the antelope?
A．Adding bridges and gates.
B．Establishing nature reserves.
C．Building new roads and railways.
D．Monitoring the antelope day and night.
14．What can be inferred from the passage?
A．It’s hard to make a living for Zhaxi by working in the reserve.
B．Our life will come to an end if we don’t live at one with nature.
C．The antelope population dropped just because their habitats became smaller.
D．The antelope population recovered so there is no threat to the Tibetan antelope.
（2022·北京市怀柔区教科研中心高一期末）Every year, 1.5 million kids around the world die as a result of not getting vaccines (疫苗). This is partly because transporting (运送) and storing medicines can be a huge challenge in some countries.
Anurudh Ganesan, 17, knows this firsthand. When he was a baby in India, his grandparents carried him 10 miles to a health clinic in a remote village to receive a vaccine. But by the time they arrived, the vaccines were no longer usable because they had been overheated.
Vaccines, Anurudh later learned, must be kept cool to stay effective. But refrigerating (冷藏) them requires electricity (电) or ice—valuable things that many developing countries lack (缺少).
Although Anurudh received the vaccine he needed in the end, his experience as a baby and the sad reality that so many other children aren’t as lucky motivated (激发) him to take action. The high school student invented Vaxxwagon, a portable (轻便的) vaccine-carrying device (装置) that produces its own power to keep lifesaving medicines cool as they’re delivered to remote areas around the world.
Anurudh first got his idea for Vaxxwagon in 2014. He read several textbooks to learn everything he could about refrigeration, and then he did research online to learn more about vaccines. Rather than depending on electricity or ice, Anurudh worked out a way to use wheels to power a refrigeration system for about eight hours. The entire rechargeable (可再充电的) cooling system can be pulled to areas in need of vaccines by a bicycle, a car, or an animal. Eventually, Anurudh took his design to professors at Johns Hopkins University for advice. Not only did they think Vaxxwagon could work, but they offered him funding to help build it.
Anurudh was rewarded with the 2015 Google Science Fair LEGO Education Builder Award for his invention. Anurudh says his final goal is to start selling Vaxxwagon to relief organizations, so it can be used to help people around the world.
Anurudh, who plans to pursue engineering degree in college, says, “Don’t give up on your ideas. But always try to help others with your projects. That’s the point of engineering—to help people.”
15．Why do many children die every year?
A．They lack excellent medical teams. B．They can not afford usable medicines.
C．They don’t have an electricity system. D．They have no chance to get usable vaccines.
16．What is special about Vaxxwagon?
A．It is a device with cooling system. B．It can produce safe vaccines.
C．It can find deadly diseases. D．It can be a means of transport.
17．Which of the following words can best describe Anurudh?
A．Caring and creative (有创造力). B．Clever but lazy.
C．Determined and independent. D．Honest and hard—working.
18．What can we learn from the story?
A．Practice makes perfect.
B．All roads lead to Rome.
C．Motivation(动力)is the mother of success.
D．All things are difficult before they are easy.
（2022·北京师大附中高一期末）I got married just after I graduated from college and found a job to support our family at the nearby Massachusettes Institute of Technology (MIT). It was in the laboratory of Prof. Edward Lorenz that I learned what a computer was and how to develop software.

One day my husband saw a newspaper advertisement. The MIT Instrumentation Laboratory was looking for people to develop software to “send man to the moon”. Deeply attracted both by the idea and the fact that it had never been done before, I became the first programmer to join and the first woman the lab hired.
At the beginning, nobody thought software was such a big deal. But then they began to realize how much they were relying on it. Our software needed to be very reliable and able to detect an error and recover from it at any time during the mission.
My daughter, Lauren, liked to intimate me—playing astronaut. One day, she was with me when I was doing a simulation (模拟) of a mission to the moon. She started hitting keys and all of a sudden, she selected a program which was supposed to be run before launch. The computer had so little space that it wiped the navigation data taking her to the moon. I thought: my God—this could happen by accident in a real mission. I suggested a program change to prevent a prelaunch program being selected during flight. But the higher-ups at MIT and NASA said the astronauts were too well