2019-2021全国高三(上)期中英语汇编：宾语从句.docx

2019-2021全国高三（上）期中英语汇编
宾语从句

一、单项选择
1．Experts believe people can waste less food by shopping only when it is necessary.
A．why B．where C．that D．what
2．Could I speak to ________ is in charge of the company, please?
A．who B．whoever C．whomever D．whom
3．The other day, my brother drove his car down the street at _____ I thought was a dangerous speed.
A．as B．which
C．what D．that
4．Pick yourself up. Courage is doing _______ you are afraid to do.
A．whether B．which C．how D．what
5．To be honest, I am not the person deserving the honor; it should be given to _____ we think has made the greatest contribution.
A．who B．whom C．whoever D．whomever
6．Have you asked him ____he is going to the party tonight with us?
A．which B．whether C．what D．that
7．The shocking news made us realize ________ terrible problems we would face.
A．why B．how C．what D．that
8．Police have found ________ appears to be the lost ancient statue.
A．which B．where C．how D．what
9．Many companies don’t realize ____ important the customers are, which is why they lose their customers unconsciously.
A．what B．whether C．how D．which
10．This television documentary will show you ________ 70 years ago.
A．how our city Wuxi looked like B．what did our city Wuxi look like
C．what our city Wuxi looked like D．how did our city Wuxi look like
11．Sometimes I just can’t figure out ________ it is that has made those extraordinary intelligent people make such silly mistakes.
A．what B．how C．why D．where
12．It makes sense that those introverted people can make up for _____ they lack in social skills with sincerity.
A．which B．what C．if D．that
13．So cruel is the man that he never shows any mercy to ___ is against his opinion.
A．whoever B．whomever
C．who D．no matter who
14．Great works of art are measured by the emotions they call forth, not just ______ they look next to the plant shelf.
A．what B．where C．who D．how
二、汉译英（整句）
15．对他们来说，最重要的是知道自己一直在无怨无悔为推广国产品牌而奋斗。(What) (汉译英）
16．一旦一个人学会了换位思考，就表明他正在走向成熟。(indicate)
17．你认为究竟谁应该为没能及时安排人给那位访问学者接机而负责？blame(汉译英)
18．看完这本侦探故事书，请确保把书放回原位。Sure(汉译英)
19．不管我们承认与否，认为我们比动物优越是一种偏见。（Whether, prejudice) （汉译英）
20．如果你可以采用任何合适的方法缓解压力，那就放手去做吧。（suitable) （汉译英）
21．这次事故及时地提醒了人们登山运动会有多么危险。(serve; reminder)(汉译英)
三、用单词的适当形式完成句子
22．When we arrive at ________ used to be called the City of Fog, we found London had completely changed. (用适当的词填空)
23．Our teacher has explained to all we need to bring for the school outing. (用适当的词填空)

参考答案
1．C
【详解】考查宾语从句。句意为：专家们相信，人们只有当有必要购物时去买东西，这样才可以少浪费食物。believe后跟宾语从句，且宾语从句句意完整，应用只起连接作用、无实意的that引导。故选C项。
2．B
【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：我可以和公司的负责人讲话吗？引导宾语从句，从句中缺少主语，指人，且表示“任何负责人”应用whoever。故选B。
3．C
【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：几天前，我哥哥以一种我认为是非常危险的速度在大街上开车。at后接宾语从句，从句中I thought为插入语；去掉插入语，从句为"____ was a dangerous speed"，从句中缺少主语at后接宾语从句。当宾语从句中缺少主语、宾语或表语时，要用what引导，此句中what作宾语从句的主语。故选C。
【点睛】
4．D
【详解】考查从属连词辨析。句意：振作起来，勇气就是做你害怕做的事。A. whether是否；B. which 哪一个；C. how怎样；D. what什么。根据句意及句子结构可知，Courage is doing后跟宾语从句，而宾语从句中缺少宾语，且意为“......的事情”，应用连接代词what。故选D项。
5．C
【详解】考查宾语从句连接词。句意：老实说，我不是一个应该得到这个荣誉的人，应该把它送给我们认为作出最大贡献的人。介词to后接宾语从句，而宾语从句 we think has made the greatest contribution其中we think是插入语，可知从句不完整，缺主语成分，意为“无论谁、不管什么人”，用引导词whoever。故选C项。
6．B
【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：你问过他今晚是否和我们一起去参加聚会了吗？此处为宾语从句，从句中不缺少成分，表示“是否”应用whether或if。故选B。
7．C
【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：这个令人震惊的消息使我们意识到我们将面临多么可怕的问题。分析句子可知，空格处引导宾语从句，且是感叹句，空后“terrible problems”是名词短语，应用what修饰，how修饰形容词或副词。故选C项。
8．D
【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：警察已经找到了好像是失踪的古代雕像的东西。及物动词found后面显然是一个宾语从句，而从句中缺少主语，所以正确答案锁定连接代词which和what，其中，which引导宾语从句时，意思是“哪一个；哪一些”，用以要求某人在有限数量中指明某人或某事物；what引导宾语从句时，意思是“……的事物”。句中没有给出具体的数量，故选D。
9．C
【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：很多公司都没有意识到顾客是多么重要，这就是它们在不经意间失去顾客的原因。A. what什么；B. whether是否；C. how如何，多么；D. which哪一。分析句子结构可知，此处是用感叹句作宾语从句，important是形容词，故用how引导，故选C项。
【点睛】本题考查感叹句作为宾语从句，强调形容词/副词用how引导，强调名词用what引导。例如
You can’t imagine how difficult the problem is.你想象不到这个问题有多难。
You can’t imagine what a difficult problem it is.你想象不到它是一个多么难的问题。
10．C
【详解】考查宾语从句语序和时态。句意：这部电视纪录片将会向你展示70年前无锡市的样子。这里应该是陈述句语序，而what sb./ sth. looks like又属于一个固定句型，此处指70年前无锡市的样子，应使用一般过去时，所以是what our city Wuxi looked like，故选C项。
【点睛】本题考查宾语从句的语序
宾语从句要用陈述句语序，例如：
He asked what could I do.(错误)→He asked what I could do.他问我能够做什么。
I wonder where do you live.(错误)→I wonder where you live.我想知道你住哪儿。
11．A
【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：有时我真的不明白究竟是什么让那些非常聪明的人犯了如此愚蠢的错误。A. what什么；B. how如何；C. why为什么；D. where哪里。it is that是一个强调句，可以去掉，去掉之后其实是谓语figure out之后的宾语从句，从句缺少主语，且意为“什么”，故用what，故选A项。
【点睛】本题考查宾语从句连接词，确定宾语从句关系词一般分为两步：判断从句成分是否完整；判断句意。以本题为例：
判断从句成分是否完整：从句____it is that has made those extraordinary intelligent people make such silly mistakes. 缺少主语，故用连接代词
判断句意：句子缺少“什么”之意，故用what引导
故选A项
12．B
【详解】考查名词性从句连接词。句意：内向的人可以用真诚弥补他们在社交技能上的不足，这是有道理的。本句为宾语从句，从句中缺少宾语，指“社交技能上的不足”应用what引导。故选B。
【点睛】名词性从句关键在于三点：一、找准从句在主句中充当的成分即分出是名词性从句的主语句、宾语从句、表语从句还是同位语从句。二、连接词从句中充当的成分（主、宾、定或状语或不做任何成分）三、弄清楚每个连接词的意义。此外还要注意，近年来高考对于名词性从句的考查多从名词性从句的语序和连接词的用法区别上考查。
13．A
【详解】考查名词性从句。句意：这个人太残忍了，对于无论是谁反对他的意见，他从不仁慈。句中动词never shows any mercy to后接宾语从句，且宾语从句中缺少主语，故用whoever，表示“不管谁；任何人”。而no matter who只能引导让步状语从句。故选A。
14．D
【详解】考查名词性从句。句意：伟大的艺术作品是由它们唤起的情感来衡量的，而不仅仅是它们在植物架子旁的样子。这是个宾语从句，从句做by的宾语，从句中缺少状语，结合句意可知，应用how引导故选D。
【点睛】名词性从句关键在于三点：一、找准从句在主句中充当的成分即分出是名词性从句的主语句、宾语从句、表语从句还是同位语从句。二、连接词从句中充当的成分（主、宾、定或状语）三、弄清楚每个连接词的意义。这是个宾语从句，从句做are measured by的宾语，从句中缺少状语，结合句意可知，应用how引导
15．What matters most to them is knowing that they have strived to promote domestic brands without regrets or complaints.
【详解】考查主语从句，时态，宾语从句和短语。分析句子可知，主语用what引导的主语从句，“对他们来说，最重要的是”译为What matters most to them，根据句意，时态用一般现在时，从句作主语谓语动词用单数is“是”，表语用动名词knowing“知道”，后接宾语从句“自己一直在无怨无悔为推广国产品牌而奋斗”，从句句意完整，成分齐全，用连接词that引导从句，从句主语they，谓语动词strive to do sth.“为……而奋斗”，promote“推广”，domestic            brands“国产品牌”，without regrets or complaints“无怨无悔”，故译为What matters most to them is knowing that they have strived to promote domestic brands without regrets or complaints.
16．Once a person has learned how to think in other people’s position, it indicates that he is getting mature.
【详解】考查条件状语从句和宾语从句。根据句意可知本句使用once引导条件状语从句，表示“一旦”，而且learn how to think in other people’s position发生在indicate之前，要用现在完成时，indicate用一般现在时，其后为宾语从句，从句成分完整，用that引导，故翻译为：Once a person has learned how to think in other people’s position, it indicates that he is getting mature.
17．Who on earth do you think is to blame for not being able to arrange for someone to meet/pick up the visiting scholar at the airport in time?
【详解】考查动词、动词短语、短语和名词。根据句意可知，本句为who引导的特殊疑问句，表示“责备”应用动词blame；表示“安排某人做某事”短语为arrange for sb to do sth。不定式作宾补；表示“究竟”短语为on earth；表示“访问学者”应用the visiting scholar 。现在分词作定语。故翻译为Who on earth do you think is to blame for not being able to arrange for someone to            meet/pick up the visiting scholar at the airport in time?
18．Make sure that you put/lay the detective storybook where it was when you finish reading it.
【详解】考查动词、短语、宾语从句和状语从句。前半句为状语成分，用when引导，置后翻译；表示“看完”应用动词短语finish reading；表示“这本侦探故事书”短语为the detective book，表特指；表示“确保”短语为make sure that，that引导宾语从句，整句缺少主语加入you在从句中作主语；表示“放回”动词为put/lay；表示“原位”短语为where it was。再结合其他汉语提示，故翻译为：Make sure that you put/lay the detective storybook where it was when you finish reading it。
19．Whether we admit it or not, it is a prejudice to think that we are superior to animals.
【详解】考查句型、动词、名词和短语。表示“不管…与否”应用句型whether… or not；表示“承认”应用动词admit；表示“比…优越”短语为superior to，其中to为介词；表示“偏见”应用名词prejudice。另外主句主语“认为我们比动物优越”过长，应使用形式主语it，认为是动词用think，后面用宾语从句。故翻译为Whether we admit it or not, it is a prejudice to think that we are superior to animals.
20．If you can take whatever suitable methods to relieve your pressure, feel free to do it.
【详解】考查条件状语从句/形容词。由汉语意思可知，应使用if引导条件状语从句，且句中还使用whatever引导宾语从句。表示“采取方法去做……”应用短语“take methods to do sth”；表示“释放压力”应用短语“relieve pressure”；表示“放手去做”应用短语“feel free to do sth”；提示词suitable(合适的)作定语修饰名词methods(方法)，结合其他汉语意思，故翻译为：If you can take whatever suitable methods to relieve your pressure, feel free to do it.
21．The accident served as a timely reminder of how dangerous mountaineering can/could be.
【详解】考查动词、名词和名词性从句。句子所述事情发生在过去，所以用一般过去时。动词serve意为“有……的作用”，名词reminder意为“提醒”，所以“这次事故及时地提醒了人们”可以翻译为The accident served as a timely reminder of，of后可以用how引导的宾语从句，再结合其它句意，故翻译为The accident served as a timely reminder of how dangerous mountaineering can/could            be.
22．what
【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：当我们到达曾经叫做“雾都”的城市时，我们发现伦敦已经彻底改变了。分析可知空处引导宾语从句，从句缺少主语，且代指事物，应用连接代词what。故填what。
23．what
【详解】考查宾语从句连接词。句意：老师向所有人解释了学校郊游我们需要带什么。分析句子可知，设空处引导宾语从句，从句中bring缺少宾语，且指代事物，应用连接代词what。故填what。
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