英语国家概况Chapter-6名师优质课获奖市赛课一等奖课件.ppt

Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,Click to edit Master title style,Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press,本幻灯片资料仅供参考，不能作为科学依据，如有不当之处，请参考专业资料。,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,Click to edit Master title style,英语国家概况,本幻灯片资料仅供参考，不能作为科学依据，如有不当之处，请参考专业资料。,A Guide to English-Speaking Countries,英语国家概况,英语国家概况,The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland,第1页,Chapter 6,Literature,The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland,英语国家概况,第2页,CONTENT,The Old English Period and Middle English Period(450-1500),I,The Renaissance(1500-1660),II,The Neo-Classical Period(1660-1785),III,The Romantic Period(1785-1830),IV,The Victorian Period(1832-1901),V,第3页,The Old English Period and Middle English Period(450-1500),I,1.1 General Knowledge,1.2 The Old English Period,1.3 The Middle English Period,第4页,1.1 General Knowledge,In practice,works of literature fall into four categories or genres:,poetry,drama,Fiction/novel,Prose/essay,第5页,1.2 The Old English Period,Old English:the,epic,Beowulf,：,folk,legend,of,Anglo-Saxons,传说讲述,Beowulf,是位非常强而有力人,当初有一只丑陋而可怕怪物,Grendel,在四出破坏及吃人。,Beowulf,与物恶斗后将它杀死了。,Grendel,母亲对此怀恨在心,.,于是待,Beowulf,年老后去找他偿命,Grendel,母亲将,Beowulf,拖进其湖底巢穴并廝杀。最终被,Beowulf,用剑把她头砍下来，他在湖底找刭,Grendel,尸体,也把他头砍了带走。,Hrothgar,王对他感激不已,送了他许多酬赏。,但好景不长,有些人从一巨龙之穴偷走了一个金杯,令巨龙极为愤恨。於是它四出捣乱及烧毁村庄,令人民生活大受影响。年老,Beowulf,再次堤起他剑与外甥,Wiglaf,一起去对付巨龙,(,其它人太害怕巨龙而没人敢帮助他,.),大战过后巨龙终被他俩所杀,但,Beowulf,也因伤重而死。,第6页,1.2 The Old English Period,Wiglaf,在诗中最终对那些不敢战斗如懦夫般战士话：,So it is goodbye to all you know and love,on your home ground,the open-handedness,the giving of war swords.Every one of you,with freeholds of land,our whole nation,will be dispossessed,once-princes from beyond,get tidings of how you turned and fled,and disgraced yourselves.,A warrior will sooner,die than live a life of shame.,第7页,1.3 The Middle English Period,(1066-1485).,Middle English:,Geoffrey Chaucer,The Canterbury Tales,作品描写一群香客（,pilgrim,）聚集在伦敦一家小旅店里，准备去坎特伯雷城朝圣。店主人提议香客们在往返途中各讲两个故事，看谁讲最好。故事集包含了,23,个故事，如：,骑士,讲爱情悲剧故事、,卖赎罪券者,讲劝世寓言故事、,教士,讲动物寓言故事、,商人,讲家庭纠纷故事、,农民,讲感人爱情和慷慨义气行为故事。,第8页,1.3 The Middle English Period,(1066-1485).,作品广泛地反应了当初英国社会生活，揭露了教会腐败、教士贪婪和伪善，训斥了扼杀人性禁欲主义，必定了世俗爱情生活。,第9页,The Renaissance(1500-1660),2.1 General Knowledge,2.2 William Shakespeare,II,第10页,Intellectural movement:Renaissance,文艺复兴,admiration of the Greek and Latin classic works.,sonnet(,十四行诗,),drama,The drama types are tragedy,comedy.,2.1 General Knowledge,第11页,2.2 William Shakespeare(1564-1616),第12页,2.2 William Shakespeare(1564-1616),Shakespeares Birthplace,第13页,The Globe,Theatre,：,rebuilt near its original location on the south bank of the Thames River in London.,2.2 William Shakespeare(1564-1616),第14页,Sonnet,莎士比亚十四行诗集,:154,首诗，作于,1592,年至,1598,年,“莎士比亚体”（,Shakespearean,），由三节四行诗和两行对句组成，每行,10,个音节,韵式,Rhyme,为,ABAB,，,CDCD,，,EFEF,，,GG,。,第15页,Sonnet 141,In faith I do not love thee with mine eyes,For they in thee a thousand errors note;,But tis my heart that loves what they despise,Who in despite of view is pleased to dote.,Nor are mine ears with thy tongues tune delighted;,Nor tender feeling to base touches prone,Nor taste,nor smell,desire to be invited,To any sensual feast with thee alone.,But my five wits,nor my five senses can,Dissuade one foolish heart from serving thee,Who leaves unswayed the likeness of a man,Thy proud hearts slave and vassal wretch to be.,Only my plague thus far I count my gain,That she that makes me sin awards me pain.,第16页,Comedy,:,爱情、情谊、婚姻,A Midsummer Nights Dream,(1595),Merchant of Venice,(1598),As You Like It,(1599),Twelfth Night,(1601),Drama,Drama:37-,Comedy,histarical play,tragedy,第17页,MERCHANT VENICE,第18页,2.2 William Shakespeare(1564-1616),Tragedies,:,Romeo and Juliet,(1595),Hamlet,(1601),Othello,(1604),King Lear,(1605),Macbeth,(1606),第19页,Hamlet,第20页,Othello,第21页,King Lear,第22页,Macbeth,第23页,第24页,2.2 William Shakespeare(1564-1616),Q.Which play is regarded as a milestone in Shakespeares dramatic development?,A:,Hamlet,.,第25页,2.2 William Shakespeare(1564-1616),To be,or not to be,(from,Hamlet,3/1),To be,or not to be:that is the question:,Whether tis nobler in the mind to suffer,The slings and arrows of outrageous fortune,Or to take arms against a sea of troubles,And by opposing end them?,第26页,2.2 William Shakespeare(1564-1616),Q.What makes Shakespeare so famous?,A:,His great understanding of human nature and his,ability to find universal human qualities and to,put them in dramatic situations.,人与宇宙、人性、灵与肉、人生终极目标等根本性问题，属于超道德范围,第27页,The Neo-classical Period(1660-1785),III,3.1 Historical Background,3.2 Representatives,第28页,The 17,th,century:the Bourgeois Revolution,John Milton:Paradise Lost(,失乐园,),揭示了人原罪与堕落。诗中叛逆之神撒旦，因为反抗上帝权威被打入地狱，却毫不屈服，为复仇寻至伊甸园。亚当与夏娃受被撒旦附身蛇引诱，偷吃了上帝明令禁吃分辨善恶树上果子。最终，撒旦及其同伙遭谴全变成了蛇，亚当与夏娃被逐出了伊甸园。该诗表达了诗人追求自由高尚精神,3.1 Historical Background,第29页,3.1 Historical Background,The 18th century:,Peaceful development,The Industrial Revolution,Classicism,：,Alexander Pope,Satire,(讽刺文学),came to full growth.,Alexander Pope,Jonathan Swift,Daniel Defoe,第30页,3.2 Representatives,3.2.3 Daniel Defoe,3.2.1 Alexander Pope,3.2.2 Jonathan Swift,第31页,3.2.2 Alexander Pope,Alexander Pope(1688-1744),An,Essay,on Criticism,(1711),A little learning is a dangerous thing.,To err is human.,第32页,3.2.3 Jonathan Swift,Jonathan Swift(1667-1745),Gullivers Travels,(1726),格列佛游记,Novel,：,游记体讽刺小说,第33页,3.2.4 Daniel Defoe,Daniel Defoe(1660?-1731),Robinson Crusoe,(1719),鲁滨孙漂流记,Novel,：冒险自传体小说,第34页,The Romantic Period(1785-1830),IV,4.1 Pioneers of Romantic Poets,4.2 The Major“Second Generation”,of Romantic Poets,第35页,4.1 Pioneers of Romantic Poets,Pioneers:,Lake poets,William Wordsworth(1770-1850),Passive Romanticism,I wandered lonely as a cloudThat floats on high oer vales and hills,When all at once I saw a crowd,A host,of golden daffodils;,我孤独地漫游，像一朵云,在山丘和谷地上浮荡，,突然间我看见一群,金色水仙花迎春开放,第36页,4.2 The Major“Second Generation”of Romantic Poets,Active Romanticism:,The major“second generation”of Romantic poets,Lord Byron,Percy Bysshe Shelley,John Keats.,第37页,4.2 The Major“Second Generation”of Romantic Poets,Percy Bysshe Shelley(1792-1822),poems“Ode to the West Wind”(1819),Be through my lips to unawakened earth,The trumpet of a prophecy!O Wind,If Winter comes,can Spring be far behind?,第38页,The Victorian Period(1832-1901),V,5.1 Critical Realism,5.2 Representatives,第39页,5.1 Critical Realism,A:,The critical realists described the chief traits of,the society and criticized the capitalist system,from a democratic viewpoint.,Q.Whats the characteristic of the Critical Realism novels?,Its represemtative,：,Charles DickensLeading form of literature:novel,第40页,5.2 Representatives,5.2.1 Charles Dickens,5.2.3 Bronte Sisters,5.2.4 George Eliot,5.2.5 Thomas Hardy,5.2.2 Jane Austen,第41页,5.2.1 Charles Dickens,Charles Dickens(1812-1870),Empathy for the common people,第42页,5.2.1 Charles Dickens,The Pickwick Papers,(1836-1837)匹克威克外传,brought him immediate fame,Great Expectations,(1860-1861),远大前途,Oliver Twist,(1837),雾都孤儿,A Tale of Two Cities,(1859),双城记,David Copperfield,(1849-1850),大卫,科波菲尔,Autobiography,第43页,5.2.1 Charles Dickens,第44页,第45页,第46页,第47页,5.2.2 Jane Austen,Jane Austen(17751817),:6novels,Sense and Sensibility(1811),理性与感性,Pride and Prejudice,(1813),高傲与偏见,Mansfield Park,(1814),曼斯菲尔德庄园,Emma,(1816),爱玛,第48页,Pride and prejudice,班纳特五个女儿对待终生大事不一样处理，表现出乡镇中产阶级家庭出身少女对婚姻爱情问题不一样态度，从而反应了作者本人婚姻观。,高傲与偏见,第49页,5.2.3 Bronte Sisters,Bronte sisters:,Charlotte(1816-1855),Jane Eyre,(1847),Emily(1818-1848),Wuthering Heights,(1847),Anne(1820-1849),第50页,Jane Eyre,一位从小变成孤儿英国女子在各种磨难中不停追求自由与尊严，坚持自我，最终取得幸福故事。,人价值,=,尊严,+,爱,第51页,Wuthering Heights,爱情与复仇离奇故事，充满强烈反压迫、争幸福斗争精神，又一直笼罩着离奇、担心浪漫气氛。,第52页,5.2.4 Thomas Hardy,Thomas Hardy(1840-1928),Tess of the DUrbervilles,(1891),德伯家苔丝,写出身贫苦少女苔丝被本家恶少亚雷,德伯奸污，后在牛奶场当了挤奶工，很快与牧师之子克莱相爱、结婚，新婚夜坦诚地向克莱讲了往事，结果遭弃，最终她杀死亚雷，被判绞刑。,Jude the Obscure,(1895),无名裘德,孤儿裘德原想上大学、做牧师，后与表妹相爱同居，触犯了礼俗，为世不容，表妹最终回到丈夫身边，他则酗酒而死。,第53页,Modern period,Modernism,Postmodernism,Fiction,Poetry,drama,Neo-Romanticism,Aestheticism,Stream of consciousness,D.H.Lawrence,James Joyce,William Buttler Yeats,T.S.Eliot,George Bernard Shaw,第54页,Summary,The Old English Period and Middle English Period(450-1500),I,The Renaissance(1500-1660),II,The Neo-Classical Period(1660-1785),III,The Romantic Period(1785-1830),IV,The Victorian Period(1832-1901),V,第55页,Thank You!,英语国家概况,第56页,