2023年在职硕士英语阅读理解练习和答案.doc

在职硕士英语阅读理解练习和答案

The United States is a country made up of many different races. Usually they are mixed together and can’t be told from one another. But many of them still talk about where their ancestors came from. It is something they are proud of.
The original Americans, of course were the Indians. The so- called white men who then came were mostly from England. But many came from other countries like Germany and France.
One problem the United States has always had is discrimination. As new groups came to the United States they found they were discriminated against. First it was the Irish and Italians. Later it was the blacks. Almost every group has been able to finally escape this discrimination. The only immigrants who have not are the blacks. Surprisingly enough the worst discrimination today is shown towards the Indians.
One reason the Indians are discriminated against is that they have tried so hard to keep their identity. Of course they are not the only ones who have done so. The Japanese have their Little Tokyo in Los Angeles and the Chinese a Chinatown in New York. The Dutch settlement in Pennsylvania also stays separate from other people. Their towns are like something from the 19th century. They have a different reason from the other groups for staying separately. They live separately for religious reasons rather than keep together in a racial group.
Although some groups have kept themselves separate and others have been discriminated against all groups have helped make the United States a great county. There is no group that has not helped in some way. And there is no group that can say they have done the most to make it a great country.
Many people still come from other countries to help the United States grow. A good example is the American project that let a man walk on the moon. It was a scientist from Germany who was most responsible for doing that. It is certain that in the future the United States will still need the help of people from all racial groups to remain a great country.
1. Which of the following statements can best describe the main idea of this passage?
A. The United States is a country made up of many different races.
B. Discrimination is the most serious problem in the United States.
C. All races in the United States have helped make the country a great one.
D. The prosperity of the United States is mainly due to the hard work of the most discriminated races.
2. In the first paragraph the word “told” means_________.
A. separated
B. distinguished
C. revealed
D. made known
3. This passage implies that discrimination is a problem which .
A. many races in the United States have experienced
B. will still be very serious in the United States in the future
C. has already been solved in the United States
D. is strongly opposed by many different races in the United States
4. The main reason why the Indians are most discriminated against is that .
A. they have tried hard to keep their religions
B. they have tried hard to live together to keep their Indian customs
C. they are the only ones who have tried to keep their identity
D. they discriminate many other races
5. The Dutch live separately in Pennsylvania .
A. to escape discrimination
B. to keep together in a racial group
C. to enjoy themselves in their own towns
D. for religious reasons
参照答案：CBABDSilicon Valley is a magnet to which numerous talented engineers, scientists and entrepreneurs from overseas flock to in search of fame, fast money and to participate in a technological revolution whose impact on mankind will surely surpass the epoch-making European Renaissance and Industrial Revolution of the bygone age.
With the rapid spread of the Internet and the relentless technological innovations generated through it, the information era is truly upon us, profoundly influencing and changing not only our lifestyle, but also the way we work, do business, think and communicate with others.
It is noteworthy that close to 50% of its skilled manpower, including engineers, scientists and entrepreneurs, come from Asia. Prominent among them are Indians and Chinese, and not a few Singaporeans.
Intellectual challenges aside, it is a common practice for start-ups to offer generous share options to employees in order to attract the right talent into their folds. This is a powerful incentive to motivate the staff to do their utmost and to share in the company’s prosperity if it reaches its goal. Many regard this as the foundation of a successful enterprise.（184 words）
1. Why is Silicon Valley compared with a magnet? Because
A. it is very famous.
B. it attracted numerous talented people.
C. numerous talented people flock to it.

D. its impact will surpass European Renaissance and Industrial Revolution.
2. What does “it” in 2nd paragraph refer to?
A. the Internet
B. the rapid spread of the Internet
C. the information era
D. our lifestyle
3. What does “its” in 2nd paragraph mean??
A. Silicon Valley’s

B. the Internet’s
C. Asia’s
D. America’s
4. Which of the following is NOT TRUE about the common practice for start-ups?
A. Intellectual challenges.
B. Generous share options.
C. Sharing in the company’s prosperity.
D. A successful enterprise.
5. The main idea of the passage is
A. Silicon Valley’s success
B. the information era upon us
C. Intellectual challenges
D. practice of successful enterprise
参照答案：BAADA　To paraphrase 18th-century statesman Edmund Burke, “all that is needed for the triumph of a misguided cause is that good people do nothing.” One such cause now seeks to end biomedical research because of the theory that animals have rights ruling out their use in research. Scientists need to respond forcefully to animal rights advocates, whose arguments are confusing the public and thereby threatening advances in health knowledge and care. Leaders of the animal rights movement target biomedical research because it depends on public funding, and few people understand the process of health care research. Hearing allegations of cruelty to animals in research settings, many are perplexed that anyone would deliberately harm an animal.
For example, a grandmotherly woman staffing an animal rights booth at a recent street fair was distributing a brochure that encouraged readers not to use anything that opposed immunizations, she wanted to know if vaccines come from animal research. When assured that they do, she replied, “Then 1 would have to say yes.” Asked what will happen when epidemics return, she said, “Don’t worry, scientists will find some way of using computers.” Such well-meaning people just don’t understand.
Scientists must communicate their message to the public in a compassionate, understandable wayin human terms, not in the language of molecular biology. We need to make clear the connection between animal research and a grandmother’s hip replacement, a father’s bypass operation, a baby’s vaccinations, and even a pet’s shots. To those who are unaware that animal research was needed to produce these treatments, as well as new treatments and vaccines, animal research seems wasteful at best and cruel at worst.
Much can be done. Scientists could “adopt” middle school classes and present their own research. They should be quick to respond to letters to the editor, lest animal rights misinformation go unchallenged and acquire a deceptive appearance of truth. Research institutions could be opened to tours, to show that laboratory animals receive humane care.
Finally, because the ultimate stakeholders are patients, the health research community should actively recruit to its cause not only well-known personalities such as Stephen Cooper, who has made courageous statements about the value of animal research, but all who receive medical treatment. If good people do nothing there is a real possibility that an uninformed citizenry will extinguish the precious embers of medical progress.
1. The author begins his article with Edmund Burke’s words to .
A. call on scientists to take some actions
B. criticize the misguided cause of animal rights
C. warn of the doom of biomedical research
D. show the triumph of the animal rights movement
2. Misled people tend to think that using an animal in research is .
A. cruel but natural
B. inhuman and unacceptable
C. inevitable but vicious
D. pointless and wasteful
3. The example of the grandmotherly woman is used to show the public’s .
A. discontent with animal research
B. ignorance about medical science
C. indifference to epidemics
D. anxiety about animal rights
4. The author believes that, in face of the challenge from animal rights advocates, scientists should .
A. communicate more with the public
B. employ hi-tech means in research
C. feel no shame for their cause
D. strive to develop new cures
5. From the text we learn that Stephen Cooper is -
A. a well-known humanist
B. a medical practitioner
C. an enthusiast in animal rights
D. a supporter of animal research
参照答案：ABBADA great deal of attention is being paid today to the so called digital divide-the division of the world into the info(information) rich and the info poor. And that divide does exist today. My wife and I lectured about this looming danger twenty years ago. What was less visible then, however, were the new, positive forces that work against the digital divide. There are reasons to be optimistic.　　　 There are technological reasons to hope the digital divide will narrow. As the Internet becomes more and more commercialized, it is in the interest of business to universalize access-after all, the more people online, the more potential customers there are. More and more governments, afraid their countries will be left behind, want to spread 　　Internet access. Within the next decade or two, one to two billion people on the planet will be netted together. As a result, I now believe the digital divide will narrow rather than widen in the years ahead. And that is very good news because the Internet may well be the most powerful tool for combating world poverty that we’ve ever had.　　 Of course, the use of the Internet isn’t the only way to defeat poverty. And the Internet is not the only tool we have. But it has enormous potential.　　 To take advantage of this tool, some impoverished countries will have to get over their outdated anti-colonial prejudices with respect to foreign investment. Countries that still think foreign investment is an invasion of their sovereignty might well study the history of infrastructure (the basic structural foundations of a society) in the United States. When the United States built its industrial infrastructure, it didn’t have the capital to do so. And that is why America’s Second Wave infrastructure-including roads, harbors, highways, ports and so on-were built with foreign investment. The English, the Germans, the Dutch and the French were investing in Britain’s former colony. They financed them. Immigrant Americans built them. Guess who owns them now? The Americans. I believe the same thing would be true in places like Brazil or anywhere else for that matter. The more foreign capital you have helping you build your Third Wave infrastructure, which today is an electronic infrastructure, the better off you’re going to be. 　　That doesn’t mean lying down and becoming fooled, or letting foreign corporations run uncontrolled. But it does mean recognizing how important they can be in building the energy and telecom infrastructures needed to take full advantage of the Internet.　　　 1．Digital divide is something _________.　　 A．getting worse because of the Internet　　 B．the rich countries are responsible for　　 C．the world must guard against　　 D．considered positive today　　 2．Governments attach importance to the Internet because it _________.　　 A．offers economic potentials　　 B．can bring foreign funds　　 C．can soon wipe out world poverty　　 D．connects people all over the world　　 3．The writer mentioned the case of the United States to justify the policy of _________.　　 A．providing financial support overseas　　 B．preventing foreign capital’s control　　 C．building industrial infrastructure　　 D．accepting foreign investment　　 4．It seems that now a country’s economy depends much on _________.　　 A．how well developed it is electronically　　 B．whether it is prejudiced against immigrants　　 C．whether it adopts America’s industrial pattern　　 D．how much control it has over foreign corporations　　 参照答案：C A D A