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1、法律渊源 source of law 制定法 statute 判例法 case law; precedent 一般法 common law 尤其法 special law 固有法 native law; indigenous law 继受法 adopted law 实体法 substantial law 程序法 procedural law 原则法 fundamental law 例外法 exception law 司法解释 judicial interpretation 习惯法 customary law 公序良俗 public order and moral 自
2、然法 natural law 罗马法 Roman Law 私法 private law 公法 public law 市民法 jus civile 万民法 jus gentium 民法法系 civil law system 英美法系 system of Anglo-American law 大陆法系 civil law system 一般法 common law 大陆法 continental law 罗马法系 Roman law system 衡平法 equity; law of equity 日尔曼法 Germantic law 教会法 ecclesiastica
3、l law 寺院法 canon law 伊斯兰法 Islamic law 民法法律规范 norm of civil law 授权规范 authorization norm 禁止规范 forbidding norm 义务性规范 obligatory norm 命令性规范 commanding norm 民法基本原则 fundamental principles of civil law 平等原则 principle of equality 自愿原则 principle of free will 公平原则 principle of justice 等价有偿原则 princi
4、ple of equal value exchange 诚实信用原则 principle of good faith 行为 act 作为 ac 不作为 omission 合法行为 lawful act 违法行为 unlawful act 民事权利权利能力 civil right 绝对权 absolute right 相对权 relative right 优先权 right of priority 先买权 preemption 原权 antecedent right 救济权 right of relief 支配权 right of dominion 祈求权 righ
5、t of claim 物上祈求权 right of claim for real thing 形成权 right of formation 撤销权 right of claiming cancellation 否认权 right of claiming cancellation 解除权 right of renouncement 代位权 subrogated right 选择权 right of choice 承认权 right of admission 终止权 right of termination 抗辩权 right of defense 一时性抗辩权 moment
6、ary right of defense 永久性抗辩权 permanent counter-argument right 不安抗辩权 unstable counter-argument right 同步履行抗辩权 defense right of simultaneous performance 既得权 tested right 期待权 expectant right 专属权 exclusive right 非专属权 non-exclusive right 人身权利 personal right 人权 human right 人格权 right of personality
7、 生命健康权 right of life and health 姓名权 right of name 名称权 right of name 肖像权 right of portraiture 自由权 right of freedom 声誉权 right reputation 隐私权 right of privacy 私生活秘密权 right of privacy 贞操权 virginity right 身份权 right of status 亲权 parental power; parental right 亲属权 right of relative 探视权 visitat
8、ion right 配偶权 right of spouse 荣誉权 right of honor 权利旳保护 protection of right 公力救济 public protection 私力救济 self-protection 权利本位 standard of right 社会本位 standard of society 无责任行为 irresponsible right 合法防卫 justifiable right; ligitimate defence 防卫行为 act of defence 自为行为 self-conducting act 紧急避险 ac
9、t of rescue; necessity 自助行为 act of self-help 不可抗力 force majeure 意外事件 accident 行为能力 capacity for act 意思能力 capacity of will 民事行为 civil act 意思表达 declaration of intention 意思表达一致 meeting of minds; consensus 完全行为能力 perfect capacity for act 限制行为能力 restrictive capacity for act 准禁治产人 quasi-interdi
10、cted person 保佐 protection 自治产人 minor who is capable of administering his own capacity 无行为能力 incapacity for act 禁治产人 interdicted person 自然人 natural person 公民 citizen 住所 domicile 居所 residence 常常居住地 frequently dwelling place 户籍 census register 监护 guardianship 个体工商户 individual business 农村承包
11、经营户 leaseholding rural household 合作 partnership 合作人 partner 合作协议 partnership agreement 合作财产 property of partnership 合作债务 debt of partnership 入伙 join partnership 退伙 withdrawal from partnership 合作企业 partnership business establishment 个人合作 partnership 法人合作 partnership of legal person 尤其合作 sp
12、ecial partnership 一般合作 general partnership 有限合作 limited partnership 民事合作 civil partnership 隐名合作 sleeping partnership; dormant partnership 私营企业 private enterprise; proprietorship 法人 legal person 企业法人 legal body of enterprise 企业集团 group of enterprise 关联企业 affiliate enterprise 个人独资企业 individu
13、al business establishment 国有独资企业 solely state-owned enterprise 中外合资企业 Sino-foreign joint venture enterprise 中外合作企业 Sino-foreign contractual enterprise 社团法人 legal body of mass organization 财团法人 legal body of financial group 联营 joint venture 法人型联营 association of legal persons 合作型联营 coordinated
14、 management in partnership 协作型联营 cooperation-type coordinated management 合作社 cooperative 民事法律行为 civil legal act 单方民事法律行为 unilateral civil legal act 双方民事法律行为 bilateral civil legal act 多方民事法律行为 joint act civil legal act 有偿民事法律行为 civil legal act with consideration 免费民事法律行为 civil legal act witho
15、ut consideration; civil legal act without award 实践性民事法律行为 practical civil legal act 法律翻译企业 诺成性民事法律行为 consental civil legal act 要式民事法律行为 formal civil legal act 不要式民事法律行为 informal civil legal act 要因民事法律行为 causative civil legal act 不要因民事法律行为 noncausative civil legal act 主民事法律行为 principal civil
16、legal act 从民事法律行为 accessory civil legal act 附条件民事法律行为 conditional civil legal act 附期限民事法律行为 civil legal act with term 生前民事法律行为 civil legal act before death 死后民事法律行为 civil legal act after death 准民事法律行为 quasi-civil legal act 无效行为 ineffective act 可撤销民事行为 revocable civil act 违法行为 illegal act; u
17、nlawful act 侵权行为 tort 欺诈 fraud 胁迫 duress 乘人之危 taking advantage of others’ precarious position 以合法形式掩盖非法目旳 legal form concealing illegal intention 恶意串通 malicious collaboration 重大误解 gross misunderstanding 显失公平 obvious unjust 误传 misrepresentation 代理 agency 本人 principal 被代理人 principal 受托人 t
18、rustee 代理人 agent 本代理人 original agent 法定代理人 statutory agent; legal agent 委托代理人 agent by mandate 指定代理人 designated agent 复代理人 subagent 再代理人 subagent 转代理人 subagent 代理权 right of agency 授权行为 act of authorization 授权委托书 power of attorney 代理行为 act of agency 委托代理 agency by mandate 本代理 original a
19、gency 复代理 subagency 次代理 subagency 有权代理 authorized agency 表见代理 agency by estoppel; apparent agency 律师代理 agency by lawyer 一般代理 general agency 全权代理 general agency 全权代理委托书 general power of attorney 共同代理 joint agency 独家代理 sole agency 居间 brokerage 居间人 broker 行纪 commission; broker house 信托 tr
20、ust 时效 time limit; prescription; limitation 时效中断 suspension of prescription/limitation 时效中断 interruption of limitation/prescription 时效延长 extension of limitation 获得时效 acquisitive prescription 时效终止 lapse of time; termination of prescription 期日 date 期间 term 涉外民事关系 civil relations with foreig
21、n elements 冲突规范 rule of conflict 准据法 applicable law; governing law 反致 renvoi; remission 转致 transmission 识别 identification 公共秩序保留 reserve of public order 法律规避 evasion of law 国籍 nationality 国有化 nationalization 法律责任 legal liability 民事责任 civil liability/responsibility 行政责任 administrative lia
22、bility/responsibility 刑事责任 criminal liability/responsibility 违约责任 liability of breach of contract; responsibility of default 有限责任 limited liability 无限责任 unlimited liability 按份责任 shared/several liability 连带责任 joint and several liability 过错责任 liability for negligence; negligent liability 过错责任
23、fault liability; liability for fault 单独过错 sole fault 共同过错 joint fault 混合过错 mixed fault 被害人过错 victim’s fault 第三人过错 third party’s fault 推定过错 presumptive fault 恶意 bad faith; malice 故意 deliberate intention; intention; willfulness 过错 negligence 重大过错 gross negligence 疏忽大意旳过错 careless and inadve
24、rtent negligence 过于自信旳过错 negligence with undue assumption 损害事实 facts of damage 有形损失 tangible damage/loss 无形损失 intangible damage/loss 财产损失 property damage/loss 人身损失 personal damage/loss 精神损失 spiritual damage/loss 民事责任承担方式 methods of bearing civil liability 停止侵害 cease the infringing act 排除阻碍
25、 exclusion of hindrance; removal of obstacle 消除危险 elimination of danger 返还财产 restitution of property 恢复原状 restitution; restitution of original state 赔偿损失 compensate for a loss; indemnify for a loss 支付违约金 payment of liquidated damage 消除影响 eliminate ill effects 恢复声誉 rehabilitate one’s reputatio
26、n 赔礼道歉 extend a formal apology 物权 jus ad rem; right in rem; real right 物权制度 real right system; right in rem system 一物一权原则 the principal of One thing, One Right 物权法定主义 principal of legality of right in rem 物权公告原则 principal of public summons of right in rem 物权法 jus rerem 物 property 生产资料 raw
27、 material for production 生活资料 means of livelihood; means of subsistence 流通物 res in commercium; a thing in commerce 限制流通物 limited merchantable thing 禁止流通物 res extra commercium; a thing out of commerce 资产 asset 固定资产 fixed asset 流动资产 current asset; floating asset 动产 movables; chattel 不动产 immov
28、able; real estate 特定物 res certae; a certain thing 种类物 genus; indefinite thing 可分物 res divisibiles; divisible things 不可分物 res indivisibiles; indivisible things 主物 res capitalis; a principal thing 从物 res accessoria; an accessory thing 原物 original thing 孳息 fruits 天然孳息 natural fruits 法定孳息 lega
29、l fruits 无主物 bona vacatia; vacant goods; ownerless goods 遗失物 lost property 漂流物 drifting object 埋藏物 fortuna; hidden property 货币 currency 证券 securities 债券 bond 物权分类 classification of right in rem/real right 自物权 jus in re propria; right of full ownership 所有权 dominium; ownership; title 所有权凭证
30、document of title; title of ownership 占有权 dominium utile; equitable ownership 使用权 right of use; right to use of 收益权 right to earnings; right to yields 处分权 right of disposing; jus dispodendi 善意占有 possession in good faith 恶意占有 malicious possession 按份共有 several possession 共同共有 joint possession
31、 他物权 jus in re aliena 用益物权 real right for usufruct 使用权 right to use; right of use 土地使用权 right to the use of land 林权 forest ownership 采矿权 mining ownership 经营权 managerial authority; power of management 承包经营权 right to contracted management 相邻权 neighboring right; relatedright 地上权 superficies 永
32、佃权 jus emphyteuticum; right to landed estate granted in perpetuity through a contract 地役权 servitude; easement 人役权 servitus personarum; personal servitude 担保物权 real right for security 物旳担保 security for thing 物旳瑕疵担保 warranty against defect of a thing 抵押权 hypotheca; hypothecation; right to mortga
33、ge 抵押权旳设定 creation of right to mortgage 抵押人 mortgagor 抵押权人 mortgagee 抵押标旳物 collateral; estate under mortgage 抵押权旳效力 deffect of right to mortgage 抵押权旳次序 sequence of right to mortgage 抵押权旳抛弃 abandonment of right to mortgage 抵押权旳让与 alienation of right to mortgage 抵押权旳实现 materialization of righ
34、t to mortgage 抵押权旳消灭 extinction of right to mortgageregistration of estate under mortgage 抵押物登记 registration of estate under mortgage 抵押优先权 priority of mortgage 留置权 lien 一般留置权 general lien 尤其留置权 special lien 质权 hypotheque; pledge; right of pledge 佃权 tenant right 债权 jus in personam; right
35、 to give or procure; claim; creditor’s right 债权人 creditor 债务人 debtor 相对人 counterpart; offeree 给付 give; pay 债务 debt; liability; obligation 债务旳偿还 payment of debt 债务旳偿清 discharge of debt 债务旳担保 guarantee of debt 债务旳合并 consolidation of debt 债务旳给付日期 debt maturity 债务旳免除 exemption of debt 债旳分类 o
36、bligatio; obligation 法定之债 legal obligation 任意之债 voluntary obligation 简朴之债simple obligation 选择之债 alternative obligation 主债 prime/principal obligation 从债 accessory obligation 单一之债 single obligation 按份之债 several obligation 连带之债 joint obligation 特定之债 certain obligation 种类之债 indefinite obligat
37、ion 协议之债 contractual obligation 侵权行为之债 tort obligation 损害赔偿之债 obligation of compensation for injury; obligation of damages 人身损害 damage to person 精神损害 moral/mental/spiritual damage 医药费 hospital treatment expense 医疗费 medical charge 抚恤金 pension 慰问金 consolation money 产品瑕疵 defect of product 不妥
38、得利 unjust enrichment 无因管理 voluntary service 债旳担保 guarantee of obligation 财产担保 property guarantee 信用担保 credit guarantee 让与担保 alienation guarantee 保证 guaranty 明示保证 express guaranty 默示保证implied guaranty 保证人 guarantor 保证协议 contract of guaranty/suretyship 保证金 guaranty bond; security deposit 押
39、金 deposit; foregift 预付款 advanced payment 定金 earnest money; deposit 违约金 liquidated damages 法定违约金 liquidated damages by law 约定违约金 liquidated damages by agreement 债旳履行 performance of obligation 实际履行原则 doctrine of specific performance 情事变更原则 doctrine of change of circumstances 不妥履行 misfeasance
40、 清偿 discharge; satisfaction 提存 debtor’s submission of the subject matter of obligation to competent authority 抵销 setoff 知识产权 intellectual property 知识产权国际保护 international protection of intellectual property 国民待遇原则 doctrine of national treatment 优先权原则 a right of priority doctrine 自动保护原则 doctr
41、ine of automatic protection 特许权使用费 royalties 智力成果 intellectual property 著作权 copyright 版权 copyright 著作权人 copyright owner 创作 creation 作品 opus; product; work 著作人格权 right of personality of copyright 刊登权 right of publication 签名权 right of authorship; right of paternity 修改权 right of modification
42、 right of revision 完整性保持权 right to maintain integrity 不可侵犯权 inviolability 收回权 right of recall; right of retrieval 自费出版 publish a book at the author’s own expense 著作财产权 property right in work 使用收益分享权 right to share usufruct 运用权 right to make use of 获得酬劳权 right to get payment 重播权 right of re
43、broadcasting 录制权 right of fixation 机械复制权 right of mechanograph; right of mechanical reproduction 著作邻接权 neighboring right of copyright 抄袭 plagiary; plagiarism 盗版 pirate 盗版VCD pirated VCD 伪造 forge 工业产权 industrial property 专利权 patent right 优先权日 priority date 申请在先原则 prior application rule 使用
44、在先 priority of use 新奇性 novelty 发明性 creativity 实用性 practicability 发明发明 invention and creation 实用新型 utility model 外观设计 design; industrial design 发明权 right of invention 发现权 right of discovery 专利申请 patent application 专利异议 objection to a patent 专利公告 patent gazette 专利续展费 renewal fee of patent
45、 专利许可协议 patent licensing agreement 技术诀窍 know-how 专有技术 know-how 专利证书 certificate of patent 专利事务所 patent office 专利代理 patent agency 中华人民共和国专利局 Patent Office of the People’s Republic of China 商标权 trademark right 商标国际注册 international registration of trademark 商品商标 commodity trademark 服务商标 servi
46、ce trademark 驰名商标 reputed trademark 广告商标 advertisement trademark 近似商标 similar trademark 商标评审委员会 trade review and appraisal board 商标审查 trademark examination 商标侵权 trademark infringement 商标注册 registered trademark 商标公告 trademark gazette 注册商标使用许可 licensing of registered trademark 注册商标转让 assignm
47、ent of registered trademark 商标使用许可协议 trademark licensing agreement 商标事务所 trademark office 商标代理 trademark agency 婚姻、家庭、继承、收养 marriage, family, inheritance, adoption 婚姻法 marital law; marriage law 包办婚姻 arranged marriage 财产分割 partition; dismemberment of property 重婚 bigamy 独生子女 only child 法律婚
48、 legal marriage 非婚生子女 illegitimate child 夫妻共同财产 community property 夫妻关系 conjugal relationship 夫妻分居 divorce a mensa et thoro; divorce from bed and board 复婚 resumption of marriage 感情破裂 incompatibility 婚后财产公证 notarization of postnuptial properties 婚姻登记 marriage registration 婚生子女 ligitimate chi
49、ld 计划生育 birth control 结婚 marry 离婚 divorce 买卖婚姻 mercenary marriage 拟制血亲 blood relations in fiction of law 旁系血亲 collateral relation blood relation 涉外婚姻 marriage with foreign elements 配偶 spouse 事实婚 de facto marriage 诉讼离婚 divorce by litigation 探视权 visitation right 同居 cohabitation 晚婚 late ma
50、rriage 无效婚姻 void marriage 协议离婚 divorce by agreement 一夫一妻制 monogamy 早婚 early marriage 直系血亲 lineal descent 自然血亲 natural blood relation 收养法 adoption law 收养协议 adoption agreement 收养人 adoptive parent 送养人 person or institution placing out a child for adoption 涉外收养 adoption with foreign elements
©2010-2025 宁波自信网络信息技术有限公司 版权所有
客服电话：4009-655-100 投诉/维权电话：18658249818
浙ICP备2021020529号-1 | 浙B2-20240490
关注我们 ：
