某铁矿石的选矿试验研究档.doc

某铁矿石的选矿试验研究
针对某种铁矿石设计了两种可能的试验方案，铁矿石的性质如下：铁矿石主要金属矿物有磁铁矿、黄铜矿和磁黄铁矿等，脉石矿物主要有石英、方解石、白云石、云母等，有用矿物嵌布粒度0.15-0.02mm。
原理：磁铁矿和磁黄铁矿具有磁性、黄铜矿具有较强可浮性，不具有磁性，同时磁黄铁矿亦具有较强的可浮性。脉石矿物中，石英、方解石、白云石、云母等不具磁性，且作为氧化矿可浮性又很差。故可以采用磁选，磁选精矿可采用浮选分离磁黄铁矿和磁铁矿，磁选尾矿采用浮选分离黄铜矿和脉石的工艺流程，主要选别流程如下：
磁铁矿精矿
磁黄铁矿精矿
磁选
浮 选
浮 选
精
磨矿排矿
黄铜矿精矿
脉石矿物

选别流程示意图
方法：原矿经过碎磨过程达到合适粒度后进入磁选，磁选精矿即为磁铁矿和磁黄铁矿的混合精矿，作为浮选给矿，浮选精矿即为磁黄铁矿，浮选尾矿即为磁铁矿；磁选尾矿进入浮选作业，浮选精矿为黄铜矿精矿，浮选尾矿为脉石矿物。浮选作业扫、精选次数须根据产品指标而定。具体方法为：若浮选精矿品位高、产率低、则增加粗选次数，若浮选精矿品位低、产率高，则增加精选次数；若精矿品位低、产率也低、则说明分选效果差，调整精、扫选次数。
药剂制度：
磁黄铁矿浮选：六偏磷酸钠作为分散剂，黄药作为捕收剂，MIBC作为起泡剂；
六偏磷酸钠作为分散剂，水玻璃、石灰作为抑制剂，黄药作为捕收剂，MIBC作为起泡
主要仪器和设备：实验用破碎机、实验用球磨机、实验用磁选机、实验用浮选机；
讨论：由于矿石中有用矿物性质差异很大，采用磁选、浮选两种传统选矿方法，即可达到很好的分选效果。
结果和结论：结果较于理想，铁精矿中磁铁矿精矿品位在66%以上，达到了优质铁精矿要求，磁黄铁矿和黄铜矿精矿指标亦较为理想。且由于流程设计合理，药剂用量也很少，成本亦很低。
可能存在的问题：
1. 磁铁矿和磁黄铁矿经过磁选后可能团聚到一块，浮选中容易混杂；
2. 有用矿物嵌布不均匀，可能为达到合适解离度造成一定困难。

Mineral Processing Laboratory Research For an Iron Ore(一)
I design two practical and effective ways to obtain the separcdion of an iron ore. One of the two method is described in the following parcgraph. The nature of the iron ore: the mainly valuable minerals include magnetite, chalcopyrite and pyrrhotite, the useless minerals include quarez, calcitum, dolomite, mica and so on, the size of the valuable mineral is between 0.15mm and 0.02mm.
Principal: magnetite and pyrrhotite possess magnetic property, while chal copyrite does not possess this property. Chalcopyrite and pyrrhotite possess flotability. Quartz, calcitum, dolomite, mica and so on, doesn’t possess magnetic prorerty, and also doesn’t possess flotaility and oxidites. So, we can adopt this method: magnetic separation-pyrrhotite flotation-chalcopyrite flotation.
Grinel discharge
Magnetic separtion
Magnetic concentrate

Pyrrhotite concentrate
Flotaton
Flotation
Chalapyrite concentrate
gacege

Notice: the stages of flotation should be adjusted accorching to the quality of concentrate.
Picture 1: separation flowsheet
Method: the raw ores reach a proper particle size after comminution, then they are fed to magnetic separators, the concentrate of this stage is fed to flotation, the concentrade of the pyrrhotite flotation is pyrrhotite concentrate, the concentrate of the chalcopyrite flotation is chalcopyrit concentrate. We can anlyast the stages of rongher and cleaner. Specifically, if the grade of concentrate is high but recovery is low, then we can increase the stages of rougher, if the recovery of concentrate is high but grade is low, then we can increase the stages of cleaner, if the grade and recovery of concentrade is low, then it will be a little diffcult to adjust it, in most cases, we need to adjust the stages of rougher and cleaner together.
Flotation Reagents:
Pyrrhotite flotation: xanthate as the collector, MIBC as the frother sodium hexametaphosprate as the dispersant
Calcopyrite flotation: xanthate as the collector, MIBC as the frother.
Equipment: laboratory cnisher, laboratory ball mill, magnetic separators, laboratory bath flotation cell.
Discussion: cause the difference in nature of varied valuable minerals is remarkedly, adopting such method can attain a good separation in the ory.
Out comes: the final indicators of the concentrates is quite well, the grade of magnetite concentrate can reach 66%, which conforms with the requirements of high-quality iron concentrade. At the same time, the consumption and costs of reagents are very low.
Problems may occur:
First: magnetic and pyrrhotite may mix together during flotation as they are the concentrate of magnetic separation.
Second: the particle size of raw ore is not uniform, it would be a little diffcult to determine the comminution process.