全新版大学英语第一册笔记.doc

大一上英语笔记整理
【the first class】
shape your character 形成你的品格

kill your wills and dull your wisdom

accumulate 积累

a thin smile 一个浅浅的笑容

With the reports in hand，his face was beaming with satisfaction.His face was brightenes. 拿着成绩单他的脸露出满意的笑容。

When I read your message,tears streamed down my checks. 当我得知你的消息的时候泪水沿着我的脸颊流下。
2011.9.19

dumb luck 坏运气↔good luck 好运气

I don’t have any pleasant association with English. 我对英语一点兴趣都没有
In China,academic success is always associated with student’s grade. 在中国，学业的成功总是与学生的成绩挂钩

Life doesn’t always turn out as you expect. 生活不是总呈现出你所期待的那样

put off 把…放在一边
eg:Your principle is first come, first serve.Why do you put me off?
2011.9.22

【writing for myself】
proper=decent adj. 正经的，古板的
rigid(unchangeable)=precise adj.古板的，一成不变的 prim
country adj.

tedious=boring adj.乏味的，枯燥的（eg:a meeting）

due adj.到期的 eg:Your rent is due,and renew the payment,please.

tackle v.处理，应付（=deal with）

simple-minded(pure) adj.头脑单纯的，傻乎乎的

face sth=face up to sth 面对着
eg:face the world 面对世界（闯闯世界）
be faced with 面临
eg:be faced with the urgent situation

produce v.呈现，出示；生产，制造（=turn out编写，制造）
eg1:produce your ID
eg2:This title produced an extraordinary sequence of mental images.

come flooding back into/to sth
eg:All awful feeling of regret came flooding back into my mind as I recalled the hurting quarrel with my beloved mon.

view 看，阅→review 复述

relive 重回到，重温
eg1:I wish I could relive my childhood.
eg2:Happiness,never wears out/fades away,if you take a positive attitude toward life.You can relive it whenever you want.
wear out 消失，残损 eg:a worn shirt 一件破损的衬衫

respectable adj.体面的，可拿出手的 eg:a respectable house/car
doable adj.可行的，可做的

gone adj.消失的，逝世的
eg1:Gone are the days when we fought together,sharing laughter and tears.(adj.位于句首，全部倒装)
eg2:Gone is our relationship.Out,please.

command v./n.控制；要求
eg:have a good command of sth 善于…；对…有很好的掌握

attentive adj.专心的，专注的→attention n.

contempt n.轻视 ridicule n.嘲讽
eg:Drop the tone of contempt and ridicule when addressing me.
scorn=despise=look down upon v.轻视

hold back 阻碍
eg1:Your laziness and hot temper hold you back.
eg2:Having held back my tears,I continued to narrate(narrate =tell诉说) my bitter stories.
eg3:Held back,tears were revolving(打转) around the rims(眶) of my eyes.

Drop your airs(姿态). 放下你的架子

用短语表示“当…的时候”
eg1:I felt a pain in my heart at the sight of(当看到) her haggard(憔悴的) face.
eg2:My heart sank deeply at the knowledge that(当得知) he had betrayed me.

当表达混合的复杂情感时 feel a mixture of A and B
2011.9.26
Your requirements are beyond my reach. 你们的要求我接受不了

exceed v.过于→excessive adj.过分的
eg:supply exceeds demand 供过于求

distress n.疼痛，伤痛（心理的）
eg:feel distressed

as much… as “…”应该是名词或者名词短语
eg:The essence(本质，精髓) of education is to give as much positive influence as possible.

ever-adj 永久的-adj
eg1:ever-lasting/permanent friendship 永恒的友谊
eg2:ever-green tree 长青的树

wind v.蜿蜒的，曲折的 /waind/ eg:a winding path

a strong wind whistle(吹口哨) through 一阵狂风呼啸而来
drag through home 疲惫地回到家

form a sharp contrast 形成一个鲜明的对比

摆除习惯（彻底铲除）的三种表达
roat out habits=get rid of habits=wipe out habits

Anticipating that the demand for electricity is high/heavy next month, so they decide to expend/increase production.
skim through=scan 浏览

fragile mind 脆弱的心灵，幼小的心灵
2011.9.29
【the scholarship jacket】
grow 培养，种植（植物）
区分几种表示“喂、养”的词 feed 喂、养（人或动物）
raise 抚养（人）

lie falt on one’s back 平躺

false adj.错误的→falsify v.篡改；伪造

keep my word rooted in your mind 牢记我的话

draw=tie n.平手 eg: a close tie

The pounding(震耳欲聋的击打) in my ears drowned out(淹没，压过) the rest of the words,only a word here and there filtered through(过滤，渗透).

maintain=keep up 保持，维持

make it 成功了，达到了

uncomfortable(feel bitter) adj.不舒服的，不顺眼的 (形容人时) eg: He was uncomfortable with my boy friends if their fathers were not as successful as he was.

about= regarding=concerning 关于

My miserable salary here can’t even cover my regular/daily expense. 我可怜的薪水甚至不能支付我日常的开支

a small sound of dismay(丧气) escaped my thoat
Your name escaped me. 我记不得你名字了

Word failed me. 我无话可说

muster my courage 鼓足勇气
muster 聚集
muster my dignity 保持尊严‘

动词当做名词使用 eg1:on the walk home
eg2:a pleasant stay in Hefei

clasp(hold/catch firmly) v.紧抓

The last words came out in an eager rush(匆忙地).
I speak in a trembling rush(颤抖的).

desperately hoping 极其地希望
a desperate person 一个走投无路的人
a desperate plan 一个孤注一掷的计划

spring up 迅速地生长，疯长
eg1:high buildings spring up
eg2:Objections should be fought wherever they spring up.
eg3:joy springs up

withdraw v.退缩→withdrawn adj.胆怯的，沉默寡言的

wink at=twinkle 眨眨眼；闪烁

know better 比谁都清楚
eg1:His face looked as happy and innocent as baby’s, but I knew better.
eg2:You should have known better than to mix up with this bastard(恶棍).
2011.10.8
【all the cabbie had was a letter】
know sth by heart 真正了解
learn sth by heart 熟记，真正学会

on the road 在途中，在奔波中

You should at least say it as you mean it. 你撒谎至少要像一点

We go way back. 我们是老相识（俚）

It’s no fun to lose any friend——and losing a real old one is even tougher.

remind 使…想起（可做补语）
eg: It always keeps myself reminded.

mean v意味着；希望，指望；打算
eg1: It means a lot to me. 这对我很有意义（这对我意味很多）
eg2: I mean you to be an actress. 我希望你当名演员
eg3:I’ve been meaning to write for some time. 我已经打算了很久来写

岁月不饶人的三种表达：
Time goes by.
Time flies.
We’re none of us getting any younger.

more than I can say 无法言表

choke up 梗塞→be choked up
eg1:I was choked up with angry hearing the news.
eg2:The dead atmosphere chokes me up.
2011.10.13
【never let a friend down】
attach v. 系上，别上，挂上；附带→attachment n.附件
eg1:Attached is my comment in my story.(倒装)
eg2:We are attached. 我们如胶似漆（关系很好）

all the way through my life 我这辈子

far-away friends(friends who are far away from us)远方的朋友
You have a far-away look in your eyes. 恍惚的眼神

It’s true in my case.= It’s no exception in my case. 对我来说情况就是这样/对我来说也不例外

打算做某事的三种表达：
be intending to do sth
intend to do sth
be meaning to do sth

set aside(把…放在一边) time to do sth 腾出时间做…

A true friend is a person who can share weal and woe(福与祸).

He looks far more than 30 years. 他看起来远不止30岁。

scrape a living=keep body and soul together 勉强糊口

pitch(颠簸) violently(猛烈地) forward and plow into/dash(冲进，一头栽进) a hidden bank of sand(沙子).

spin v.旋转；纺线
eg1:the wheels only spin(打转) deeper
eg2:spin the coin 掷硬币

knock out 淘汰
eg1:His breath was knocked out.=He was breathless.
rg2:knock-out event 淘汰赛

head for 朝着；朝着…奔去
eg:I’m heading for nowhere. 我好迷茫

I’m in the middle of nowhere. 我四处荒芜人烟

out of shape 不成形
out of place 格格不入

the despair clouds his face 绝望覆盖在他的脸上

grin 轻轻地一笑

the bad odd 逆境，挫折
eg:I’ll make it against all the bad odds.
2011.10.20
【public attitudes toward science】
privilege n.特权；荣幸(=honor)→privileged adj.享有特权的
eg1: It’s my privilege to stand here and give you a lecture.
eg2: It was not so bad for a privileged minority.

But for(要不是) the vast(广大的，广阔的) majority of population, life was nasty(令人难受的)，brutish(野蛮的) and short.

inquire v.询问→inquiring adj.好问的，爱探索的
eg: inquiring minds(have a desire to gain knowledge)求知的心

be so+ adj. that…=be such that
eg1:Human initiative and inventiveness are such that even this wouldn’t succeed.
eg2: Such is human nature that many people tend to sacrifice higher pay for a better society position.

make informed decisions 做出明智的选择

in the hand of=be controlled by 落在…的手中；被…所控制
eg: You should have your own brain, and don’t be trusted into/in the hand of advertisers.

in two minds 犹豫不决，三心二意不专一

element n.成分，元素 eg: every single element

harness=use v.利用

halve v.将…减半→half n.一半

since后面加连续性动词时表示否定的意思
eg: How long is it since you was in Tianjin? 自从你离开天津有多久了？

fit in 适合，与…融合；找到时间(见某人或做某事)
eg1: I can’t fit in.=I am out of place.
eg2: I can’t fit you in, because I have a dull schedule.我没有时间见你，因为我的行程满了
eg3: I can only fit in a ten-minute talking.
2011.11.3
sufficient=enough=adequate adj.足够的，大量的

evident=obvious=clear=apparent adj.明显的，显而易见的，清楚的

倍数表达法：
A is N times as great(long/much/…) as B
A is N times greater(longer/more/…) than B
A is N times the size(length/amount/…) of B

nor位于句首表示“也不…”时部分倒装
eg: I don’t know who you are, nor do I know what you want.

An informed(有经历的，有知识的) man is likely to make informed(明智的) decisions.

Success is within my grasp, so don’t worry.成功在我的掌控之中所以不要担心

characterize v.以…为特征→character n.特征
eg:The faith in “the true, the good, and the beautiful”does not necessarily fit into the society characterized by money.

hospitality n.热情好客

conscience n.良知

initiative and creativity 主动性与创造性

the gravest problem that humans are faced with=the gravest problem facing us humans grave adj.严重的；庄严的

四种表示“严重的激烈的”: severe=intense=fierce=tough

consider sth= take sth into consideration 考虑到…
2011.11.10
【tony trivisonno’s American dream】
start from scratch 从零开始（白手起家）

afford sth=afford to sth 承担得起…
eg: I can’t afford to provoke you.

the disease and panic sweep through the whole country

compliment=praise v.赞扬→complimentary adj.

Summer passed into fall, and winds blew cold.秋天带走了炎夏，秋风吹来了凉意

buy sth on credict= trust sb for sth 赊账

stoop v.弯腰，哈着腰

hunt a job 找工作

an amused look 调皮的表情
a far-away look 恍惚的表情

sb grow in stature in my mind 某人在我心中形象高大

make do with sth 凑合做…
eg: The lunch is very nasty. So we just make do with it.

capacity 能力(=ability)；容量

shad v.放出，流出（shad tears）;n.小屋，棚

sponsor vt/n.赞助，担保

The little house is livable(适合居住的) and homey(舒适的，像家的).

on the top/bottom rung of the ladder 云梯的最顶/最底层
2011.11.17
do with 解决；可接受
eg1: Don’t worry.I will do with you whatever who you are.
eg2: Can you give me 5000￥?If you don’t have,I can do with 3000￥.

cut into 减少
eg:Your preference for those “Excellent Students” has already cut into your credibility(威信；信誉).

call on 呼吁；拜访
down payment 首付
buy sth on installment 买…按揭

That’s what I think you are. 你在我心中就是这个样子

It’s just a modest(适中的) car.

exclude v.专门的；排外的→exclusive adj.
eg:exclusive shop 专卖店
include v.包括

hurry vi.匆忙赶路；vt.催促

lack sth= lack for sth= be in lack of sth 缺乏…

discourage=dismay v.泄气→dismal adj.沮丧的

双重否定表示肯定：There is nothing but has flaws.没有什么东西是没有瑕疵的。
2011.11.23
【the company man】
self-sacrificing 自我牺牲型的
workaholic dominant 强势的
withdrawn 内向的

drop an/the acquaintance with sb. 与某人断绝关系

may,will,can 真实情态动词
might,would,could 虚拟情态动词

executive 管理人员

survive 比…活得久；存活
A survive B=B is/was survived by A A比B活得久
eg:The poor old lady,survived all of her 3 children by 10 years.

marrying and mothering 结婚生子

smother 窒息

provide for=take care of 照顾

funeral n.葬礼
It’s my funeral(我是死是活都不关你的事).You don’t need to care about it

do odd jobs 打零工

deceased adj.已故的

bitterness=grudge n.怨恨→feel bitter about sb. 怨恨某人

straighten out 解决；理清
eg: straighten out thinking 理清思路

a heart-attack natural 容易心脏发作
a flue natural 容易感冒
a natural for sports/music 天生的运动/音乐奇才

discreet=cautious adj.小心的，谨慎的

renew acquaintance 结识新朋友

high and low=here and there 到处

calamity 灾难
2011.12.1

a pat on one’s back=pat sb on one’s back 表扬，鼓励

take over 接管
overtake 超越(在竞争中)

introspection n.沉思，深思

commitment n.义务，责任 sense of commitment 责任感
be committd 某人很忙 eg:I am committed.
commit a crime/mistake 犯一个罪/错

voyage of life 人生的旅程

reluctantly 勉强地，不情愿的
narrowly=by a small/narrow margin(书页空白) 勉强超出

A correspond to B A相当于B，A与B相一致
eg:The American congress(国会) corresponds to the Chinese NPC(人民代表大会).

haunt vt.鬼常出没的地方；人经常去的；萦绕
eg:The room is always haunted. 这间屋子经常闹鬼
This is just the café I used to haunt. 这个咖啡店就是我过去常来的那家
Gone are the days, but the memory haunts me(记忆常常萦绕心头).
a haunting melody 经常萦绕心头的旋律

sustainable development 可持续发展→sustain

the murmur(轻声) of a stream(小溪)
mumble (不自信地)嘟哝

Ignoring everything, she thrusted(塞) the food into her month greedily.

I have a splitting(裂开的) headache.

cheeks(面颊) with a rosy(如玫瑰的) glow(光) 容光焕发
My face is growing with health.
2011.12.8
【a valentine story】
profile n.档案，第一印象

think about it=give some thought to it
Their thoughts(想法) have nothing in common with ours.

a thoughtful(=considerate体贴的，考虑周到的) soul and insightful(具有洞察力的) mind

This time I finally gained an insight into(彻底看透) what you are.
a man of insight 一个具有洞察力的人

Each letter was a seed falling on a fertile heart.

I don’t have any knowledge about you. 我一点都不了解你

feel for sb 对某人有好感

schedule vt/n 安排；行程表

a slim build=a slim figure 苗条的身材

delicate adj.
delicate skin 娇嫩的皮肤
delicate design 精致的设计
delicate words 柔和的语言

springtime comes alive(苏醒)

A good leader can always identify himself with the public. 一个好的领导总是会和群众打成一片

be grateful to sb. for sth, 为了某事向某人表示感谢

Her face broadens into a smile. 她的脸上绽放出笑容

She grinned(咧嘴一笑), exposing a set of perfect teeth.

physical labor 体力劳动
mental labor 脑力劳动

mood (feel down) 沉闷的，低沉的
2011.12.15
【fable of the lazy teenager】
weave=cook v.捏造虚构

drive/bring sth home to sb. 让某人深刻理解某事
eg: Benjamin Stein weaves a tale to bring☆ home to young Americans the need to change the way think about education.（划线部分原本是在☆,由于此成分过长所以后置于句尾）

a handful of=a slice of 一部分

chill v.(使)变冷 eg: a chilling cruelty/coldness/indifference 让人不寒而栗的残酷/寒冷/漠不关心

a good-natured person 一个性格很好的人
a better-natured person 一个性格更好的人

dramatize v. 将…戏剧化，将…描述得更生动
rise and decline 盛与衰
2011.12.22
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