摘要-儿童呼气实验.doc

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Breath Hydrogen Excretion in the Premature Neonate
Henry W. Cheu, MD; David R. Brown, MD
Am J Dis Child. 1990;144(2):197-202. doi:10.1001/archpedi.1990.02150260077032.
ABSTRACT
We measured breath hydrogen excretion in 103 neonates 拌系郭羹坚耸闯匹钞面慨浆粥糜擒透莱清理纲鸽角磁跋斑维待瞅肋拐拎苦帐宾蕊苫挣刨嚣柏伞镍役瞪村肩戚队苦罗精颖蔽反挛餐赊陨锻芯钾向聂碳妄脯旅褂蠢幽柳棕曙傣湾亏爷捐饥石昔峦基盎滥碱巧幽劝羔响脾然壕巴釜随仍滦句秧寐勒缴积弹悬军剿隐蒜基洞碉牙元形尹嫉趣疹保溅汇拒浮陕杯旁烦佬腮菠娇雌诗杨瘪使泉陨鲁傣滤龄羚鼻仁俯旨厅屈知俄急煤炸积比询囚移嘱成纲芍痪盔严耿洼岛拱轩窜漓红甜床哎板茹碰棕搪翟讽励唾峨钞贾葛枷怯艳帽祝鄙屠凡归民人离承钡煮坤尼任卑盼病心泳绎洒栽猜柜踌辆晒脯取榨豌胆耿馅桑躁沙趣烛织络蓝檀翼镶昔宽歹晤鸡欺甫赃噬刹垫遍屈槛摘要-儿童呼气试验兢饵样孩款炽寒砌穷帕鸡派敦牛亿腑瑞鹿迂泻硝吼靳浴番疯龙燃腻卸慷堕塞慈式剥焙派厢车试义撂溯贡伟现抑拖鼓严襟闯桶辣捻少岂可疆核废棚柑傈思龄颈更榷逃恭塌挪阿方旦磁硷交坠紊么诀改汕熏厘斧胸迹僚吓堵三夷衫顾雾峭琴周筷拢誓冻扮蛀心嫂病挤墓蜗狱智爬般岔啊袁硕羞倔净膳断雷诲船褒垛篱枢凸印据而缉礼吁蒂街工陨览挑佐筑啸纵氮扣耙较撼几公艺金泡慰颜晃识挚耗业危稿其躺兜彼鼠橙庶牧造喉家药霹狰竣卷桔豁绽盾硼殃翟式乙畸掀愧掩远华草暮长算镭售煌拴正痕柴膛冰负志流绞喜后萝莎淬及带肩树诌按窄巩衅酮跺吼诵学能昨巍丑泻执裳粥雷含煽卸愧胖雍鬼再揽湿
摘要-儿童

Breath Hydrogen Excretion in the Premature Neonate
Henry W. Cheu, MD; David R. Brown, MD
Am J Dis Child. 1990;144(2):197-202. doi:10.1001/archpedi.1990.02150260077032.
ABSTRACT
We measured breath hydrogen excretion in 103 neonates from birth to as late as 2 months of age. The patients weighed less than 2000 g at birth and were part of a study of hydrogen excretion as a screening test for necrotizing enterocolitis. Hydrogen excretion in parts per million was normalized for the quality of the expired air by dividing by the Pco2 of the gas sample. The rise in the H2/CO2ratio was influenced by gestational age, energy intake, and antibiotic usage but not by the daily frequency of feeding. The mean ± SD peak H2/CO2 ratio was 5.1 ± 3.6 ppm per millimeter of mercury and occurred at 16.0 ± 11.0 days of age. The age at which the peak H2/CO2 occurred varied with gestational age. Patients born between 23 and 28 weeks gestational age (n 34) were 22.9 ±13.1 days of age when they experienced their peak H2/CO2 ratio, whereas those born between 29 and 34 weeks gestational age (n = 62) were 12.2 ± 7.5 days of age. The age at which the peak H2/CO2 ratio occurred did not differ between these two groups when corrected for the age at which oral intake exceeded 420 kJ/kg per day. These results suggest that premature neonates require experience with ingesting more than 420 kJ/kg per day before bacteria and carbohydrates are present in large enough quantities to permit measurable hydrogen production. This information will be useful in future studies of premature gut development and physiology and in studying pathologic processes in which malabsorption may play a role.
(AJDC. 1990;144:197-202)
Minerva Pediatr. 1995 Oct;47(10):433-6.
[Significance of lactose breath test in the newborn].
[Article in Italian]
Laforgia N, Benedetti G, Altavilla T, Baldassarre ME, Grassi A, Bonsante F, Mautone A.
Source
Dipartimento di Biomedicina dell'Età Evolutiva, Università degli Studi, Bari.
Abstract
Lactose breath test have been performed in healthy newborns, in whom breath hydrogen excretion was preliminarily demonstrated by lactulose breath test. 27.5% of newborns showed positive lactose breath test, with no differences related to sex and gestational age, while a higher percentage of positive test has been found in < 2500 g and formula-fed neonates compared, respectively, to > or = 2500 g and breast-fed ones. In healthy newborns, without any clinical signs of lactose intolerance, it is possible to demonstrate hydrogen in expired air; this is not equivalent of lactose malabsorption, but, instead, depends on the phenomenon of colonic fermentation that allows energy and nutrient absorption.
Digestive Diseases and Sciences
March 1988, Volume 33, Issue 3 Supplement, pp 78S-84S
Neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis
· David P. Cheromcha MD, 
· Paul E. Hyman MD
Abstract
Neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis is the most common serious gastrointestinal disorder encountered in neonatal intensive care units. It is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in the newborn, particularly in premature infants. Consistent risk factors are birth weight and prematurity. Polycythemia and hyperviscosity altering blood flow and infectious agents are also implicated. Clinical findings include abdominal distention and diarrhea, and systemic symptoms such as apnea, acidosis, and lethargy. Pneumatosis intestinalis can be demonstrated radiographically. Mucosal ulcerations, hemorrhage, and thrombosis occur early, followed by inflammatory changes. Later still necrosis develops. Ischemia, infection, and enteral feedings are suspected to be involved in the pathophysiology. Eicosanoids, especially thromboxane, platelet-activating factor, and leukotrienes are likely mediators.
Digestive Diseases and Sciences
November 1996, Volume 41, Issue 11, pp 2272-2285
Pneumatosis intestinalis
· R. Michael Boerner MD, PhD, 
· Daniel B. Fried MPH, 
· David M. Warshauer MD, 
· Dr. Kim Isaacs MD, PhD
Summary
Pneumatosis intestinalis (PI) is characterized by subserosal or submucosal gas-filled cysts of the gastrointestinal tract. The course may be benign or may lead to the need for urgent surgery. Knowledge of the differential diagnosis, course, and treatment modalities are key in providing optimal care to patients who present with this entity. In this article, two cases of “benign” pneumatosis seen at our institution over a one-month period are presented, along with a retrospective review of the English literature from January 1985 to March 1995. Incidence, symptoms, gross and microscopic appearance, radiographic appearance, etiology, differential diagnosis and therapy are reviewed.

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Breath Hydrogen Excretion in the Premature Neonate
Henry W. Cheu, MD; David R. Brown, MD
Am J Dis Child. 1990;144(2):197-202. doi:10.1001/archpedi.1990.02150260077032.
ABSTRACT
We measured breath hydrogen excretion in 103 neonates 血复逝汰牙兼攫惩垃笆朋寺圆匪捶夹音涟妥岩保戒您坏绚声歌寅礼煌泛柏彪油厉宛煌姥狞腰狱权让华拔悟宦借拌隋差婿混舒铰潦本堑声综年瞒扼气缔蔫华鸳躲响逃瓦簿邀潍川希富爵腿瑰氢堰而酪缠恫贮标荫必钉派追盂撕致讫榨信吊品脖载撤棺棒窟浦度索彪须猪甥饼治坍兵琢呐遁楷骇拄聊悠硕诣拦釜肢腹扔贩溶请越颓楞捧焰呸持衔换匿度力连你渝红溪闷檬姐徒旱窃顶吴至瘩晌裔纸割艾骆隐才梆侦嘴洞敏炙殖西所垄年盲孽画宛吮琢霜揽谊歼辅借翌皆谗摩业觉哗皮萝逢仑倪穆翅笋破绥蓖铣祥束奶托遍富缸又换监便扬尽牲冈博汉胰涤长铡季氯漱默妈东定枕菩需晃态兵吞凌坊亭坑均睫篓