Timeline of the Kings and Queens in UK 英国的历届国王王后.doc

Timeline of the Kings and Queens of England

The Normans (1066 - 1154)
² William I, duke of Normandy, the Conqueror (1066 - 1087)
² William II, 'Rufus' (1087-1100), son of William I
² Henry I (1100 - 1135), son of William I
² Stephen (1135 - 1154), nephew of Henry I and grandson of William I His accession to the throne was contested by Matilda, daughter of Henry I

The Plantagenets (1154 - 1399)
² Henry II (1154 - 1189), son of Matilda and her second husband, Count Geoffrey of Anjou (Plantagenet)
² Richard I, the Lionheart (1189 - 1199), son of Henry II
² John (1199 - 1216), son of Henry II
² Henry III (1216 - 1272), son of John
² Edward I (1272 - 1307), son of Henry III
² Edward II (1307 - 1327), son of Edward I
² Edward III (1327 - 1377), son of Edward II
² Richard II (1377 - 1399, died 1400), son of Edward, the Black Prince and grandson of Edward III

The Houses of York and Lancaster (1399 - 1461)
² Henry IV (1399 - 1413), son of John of Gaunt, duke of Lancaster and grandson of Edward III
² Henry V (1413 - 1422), son of Henry IV
² Henry VI (born 1421, ascended throne 1433, reigned 1422-1461 and 1470-1471, died 1471), son of Henry V
² Edward IV (reigned 1461-1470 and 1471-1483), son of Richard, duke of York and great-great grandson of Edward III
² Edward V (1483, reigned 2 months), son of Edward IV
² Richard III (1483 - 1485), son of Richard, duke of York and brother of Edward IV

The Tudors (1485 -1603)
² Henry VII (1485 - 1509), son of Edmund Tudor and Lady Margaret Beaufort, great-grand daughter of Edward III
² Henry VIII (1509 - 1547), son of Henry VII and Elizabeth of York, daughter of Edward IV and sister of Edward V
² Edward VI (1547 - 1553), son of Henry VIII and his third wife, Jane Seymour
² Mary I (1553 - 1558), daughter of Henry VIII and his first wife, Katharine of Aragon
² Elizabeth I (1558 - 1603), daughter of Henry VIII and his second wife, Anne Boleyn

The Stuarts and the Commonwealth (1603 - 1649) (1660 - 1714)
² James I (1603 - 1625), James VI of Scotland ascended the throne of England in 1603 (died 1625); he became James I of England; his mother, Mary Queen of Scots, was the great-grand daughter of Henry VII of England
² Charles I (1625 - 1649), son of JamesCharles II 1660 - 1685
The Commonwealth (1649-1660)
² Oliver Cromwell, Lord Protector (1653 -
² Richard Cromwell, son of Oliver Cromwell Lord Protector (1658-1660)
² Charles II (1660-1685), son of Charles I
² James II of England and James VII of Scotland (1685 - 1688), son of Charles I and brother of Charles II
² William III (1688 - 1702) and Mary II (1688 - 1694), William was the son of William II, Prince of Orange (of Holland) and husband of Mary II; Mary was the daughter of James II and VII and his first wife Anne Hyde
² Queen Anne (1702 - 1714), daughter of James II and VII and Anne Hyde, sister of Mary II

The House of Hanover (1714 -1901)
² George I (1714 - 1727), son of Ernest, Elector of Hanover and Sophia, granddaughter of James I and VI
² George II (1727 - 1760), son of George I
² George III (1760 - 1820), son of Fredrick and grandson of George II
² George IV (1820 - 1830), son of George III
² William IV (1830 - 1837), son of George III and brother of George IV
² Queen Victoria (1837 - 1901), daughter of Edward, duke of Kent and Princess Victoria of Saxe-Coburg; Edward was the fourth son of George II and brother of George IV and William IV; Victoria married her cousin, Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha in 1840

The Saxe-Coburg-Gotha (1901 -1910) and the Windsors (1910 - Today)
² Edward VII (1901 - 1910), son of Queen Victoria and Prince Albert
² George V (1910 - 1936), son of Edward VII, assumed the family name of Windsor in 1917
² Edward VIII (ascended throne 20 January 1936, abdicated 11 December 1936), eldest son of George V
² George VI (1936 - 1952), second son of George V and brother of Edward VIII, married the Lady Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon in 1923
² Elizabeth II (born 1926, ascended throne 1952), elder daughter of George VI and Queen Elizabeth, married Philip Mountbatten, formerly Prince Philip of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glucksburg in 1947

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