新人教一轮复习Book2Unit1.docx

话题词汇
1．abundant adj.大量的；丰富的
2．disappear v．消失
3．memory n．记忆；回忆
4．permanent adj.永久的；永恒的
5．remain v．剩下；保持；仍是
6．widespread adj.分布广的；普遍的
7．have a history of有……的历史
8．in the course of在……期间
9．in the long run 从长远看
10．take on a new look呈现新面貌
经典语篇
请根据下表提供的信息写一篇100词左右的文章向外宾介绍长城。
历史
有2 000多年的历史
特点
世界上最长的城墙，长6 000多千米；
建筑材料主要为石头、砖头，修建工作都是人工完成；
主要用于防御外来入侵者，沿墙每隔几百米就有烽火台(watchtower)。
现状
世界著名旅游景点之一，每年吸引许多游客到长城观光旅游。
佳作欣赏
The Great Wall，which is more than 6,000 kilometers long，is the longest wall in the world. ① It has a history of more than 2,000 years. ② It is made of stone and bricks and almost all the construction was done by hand without any machine. ③ As the wall was built to defend the country against foreign invaders，there were watchtowers every few hundred meters ④ along the wall.Now，the Great Wall is one of the most famous places of interest in China and it attracts many visitors every year. ⑤
If you have a chance to visit it，you will be delighted with the great tourist attraction.
思维发散
1．将第①、②句合为并列句
The Great Wall，which is more than 6,000 kilometers long，is the longest wall in the world and has a history of more than 2,000 years.
2．用“with复合结构”改写第③句
It is made of stone and bricks，with almost all the construction done by hand without any machine.
3．仿照第④句翻译句子
她每隔一星期去看一次姑妈。
She went to visit her aunt every other week/every second week/every two weeks.
4．用定语从句改写第⑤句
Now，the Great Wall，which attracts many visitors every year，is one of the most famous places of interest in China.

Ⅰ.重点单词
A．写作单词
1．belong (vi.)属于；为……的一员
2．remove (vt.)移动；搬开
3．entrance (n.)入口
4．sink (vi.)下沉；沉下
5．survive (vi.)幸免；幸存；生还
survival (n.)幸存；生还
survivor (n.)幸存者
6．select (vt.)挑选；选择
selection (n.)挑选；选择
selective (adj.)选择的；选择性的
7．design (n.)设计；图案；构思；(vt.)设计；计划；构思
designer (n.)设计者
designed (adj.)有计划的；故意的
8．decorate (v.)装饰；装修
decoration (n.)装饰；装修
9．doubt (n.)怀疑；疑惑；(vt.)怀疑；不信
doubtful (adj.)怀疑的
10．worth (prep.)值得的；相当于……的价值；(n.)价值；作用；(adj.)[古]值钱的
worthy (adj.)值得的
worthwhile (adj.)值得做的
11．explode (vi.)爆炸
explosion (n.)爆炸
B．阅读单词
12．fancy (adj.)奇特的；异样的；(vt.)想象；设想；爱好
13．wooden (adj.)木制的
14．troop (n.)群；组；军队
15．style (n.)风格；类型；风度
16．dynasty (n.)朝代；王朝
17．local (adj.)本地的；当地的
18．apart (adv.)分离地；分别地
19．painting (n.)绘画；画
20．castle (n.)城堡
21．trial (n.)审判；审讯；试验
22．maid (n.)少女；女仆
23．debate (n.)争论；辩论；(vi.)争论；辩论
24．rare (adj.)稀罕的；稀有的；珍贵的
rarely (adv.)很少地；罕有地
25．valuable (adj.)贵重的；有价值的
value (n.& v．)价值；重视
invaluable (adj.)无价的
26．amaze (vt.)使吃惊；惊讶
amazing (adj.)令人吃惊的
amazed (adj.)吃惊的；惊愕的
27．artist (n.)艺术家
art (n.)艺术
28．reception (n.)接待；招待会；接收
receive (v.)接受；接收
29．former (adj.)以前的；从前的
form (v.)组成；形成
30．evidence (n.)根据；证据
evident (adj.)明显的；明白的
31．informal (adj.)非正式的
formal (adj.)正式的
Ⅱ.重点短语
1．in search of寻找
2．belong to属于
3．in return作为报答；回报
4．at war处于交战状态
5．less than少于
6．take apart拆开
7．be worth doing...值得做……
8．think highly of 看重；器重
Ⅲ.经典句式
1．Frederick William Ⅰ，the King of Prussia，could never have imagined that his greatest gift to the Russian people would have such an amazing history.
普鲁士国王威廉一世绝不可能想到他送给俄罗斯人民的厚礼会有这样一段令人惊讶的历史。
2．Later，Catherine Ⅱ had the Amber Room moved to a palace outside St Petersburg where she spent her summers.
后来，叶卡捷琳娜二世派人把琥珀屋搬到圣彼得堡郊外她避暑的宫殿中。
3．There is no doubt that the boxes were then put on a train for Königsberg，which was at that time a German city on the Baltic Sea.
毫无疑问，这些箱子后来被装上火车运往哥尼斯堡，当时德国在波罗的海的一座城市。
4．After that，what happened to the Amber Room remains a mystery.
自那之后，琥珀屋发生了什么仍然是个谜。
5．In a trial，a judge must decide which eyewitnesses to believe and which not to believe
在审判中一个法官必须确定哪些证人的话可信，哪些不可信。
Ⅳ.课文语法填空
The Amber Room，one of the great wonders of the world，was 1.a great work that took ten years to make.In 1716，the Amber Room 2.was given(give) to the Russian people as a gift of friendship by Frederick William Ⅰ，who loved best soldiers more than the Amber Room 3.itself.In Russia，the room first served 4.as a small reception hall for 5.important(importance) visitors and later moved and redesigned by Catherine Ⅱ.Unfortunately，the Amber Room disappeared 6.when the Nazi Germany and Russia were at war and now nobody knows 7.what happened to it.In the spring of 2003，however，a new Amber Room,8.built(build) by the Russians and Germans on the basis of old photos，was 9.ready(readily) for the people of St Petersburg to celebrate 10.the 300th birthday of their city.

1. survive vt.幸存；幸免于难(to continue to live)；比……活得时间长(to live longer than)；vi.幸存；存活
(1)survive on靠……存活下来
A survive(s) B A比B活得长
survive sth.幸免于；从……中活过来
(2)survivor n.幸存者
(3)survival n.幸存；残存
(1)Just eight passengers survived the plane crash.
在这次飞机失事中仅有8名乘客幸免于难。
(2)There are concerns that the refugees may not survive the winter.
有人担心这些难民活不过冬天。
(3)The custom is a survival from the past.
这种风俗是从过去沿袭下来的。
[特别提醒]
(1)survive本身已表示“幸存；幸免于”，因而不要加多余的in或from。
(2)当survive意为“比……多活多长时间”时，用“A survive(s) B by＋时间”结构表示。
多维训练
(1)单句语法填空
①Mr.White survived his wife by 9 years.
②Many of the peasants managed to survive on tiny plots of corn and beans.
③She was the last survivor(survive) of the family.
(2)单句改错
This drug can help people survive from heart attacks.去掉from
2. design n.设计；布局；安排(arrangement)；打算(plan)；意图(intention)；构思；v.设计；构思；计划；制订(make，plan or intend)
[应试指导]　(1)过去分词作定语的考查；(2)活动类写作高频词汇
(1)by design＝on purpose故意
(2)be designed for...为……设计
be designed to do.../as...为某目的或用途而制造或设计

(1)Do you think the building was burnt down by accident or by design?
你认为大楼被烧是意外事故，还是有意为之？
(2)The method is specifically designed for use in small groups.
这方法是专为小组活动设计的。
多维训练
(1)单句语法填空
①He became a photographer more by accident than by design.
②This building is designed for weddings and other celebrations and it’s beautiful.
③The new device is designed as an alternative for the old one.
(2)同义句改写
①用过去分词短语作定语改写上题句②
This building designed for weddings and other celebrations is beautiful.
②Most of these rabbits change their fur color from white in the winter time to brown in the summer and each is designed to give them better cover from predators.(将划线部分改为独立主格结构)
Most of these rabbits change their fur color from white in the winter time to brown in the summer，each designed to give them better cover from predators.
3. worth adj.价值……的；值……钱的

搭配
意义
worth
be worth＋n.
值得……；值……
be worth doing
值得被做
worthy
be worthy of＋n.
值得……
be worthy of being done
值得被做
be worthy to be done
值得被做
worthwhile
It’s worthwhile to do...
值得做……
It’s worthwhile doing...
值得做……
(1)You may not succeed，but it is worth a try.
你可能不会成功，但值得一试。
(2)Guilin is a beautiful place.It’s worthwhile going/to go there.
桂林是个美丽的地方，值得去看看。
(3)This article is well worth reading，but it is not worthy of being translated.
这篇文章很值得一读，但不值得翻译。
[特别提醒]
worthy可作定语，而worth不能，worth一般只作表语，可用程度副词well修饰。
多维训练
(1)单句语法填空
①It is worth your while to read/reading(read) the book.
②Would you please make up a topic worth discussing(discuss) in tomorrow’s conference?
③He said it was quite impossible to buy the novel which was well(good) worth reading.
(2)一句多译
这家工厂值得参观。
①The factory is worth visiting.(worth)
②The factory is worthy of a visit.(worthy of＋n.)
③The factory is worthy of being visited.(worthy of being done)
④The factory is worthy to be visited.(worthy of to be done)
⑤It’s worthwhile to visit/visiting the factory.(worthwhile)
4. in search of寻找(looking for)
(1)in one’s search for寻找
make a search for寻找
(2)search sth./sb.搜查某物/搜身
search for寻找
(1)I went off in search of a gas station where I could buy some petrol.
我离开去寻找加油站买汽油。
(2)The police searched the suspect but found no weapons on him.
警方搜查了嫌疑犯，但在他身上没找到武器。
[特别提醒]
in search of寻找，搜寻，在句中常作表语或目的状语。名词search前不加限定词；若search前加a/the/one’s等限定词时，of一般换成for。
多维训练
用search及其短语的正确形式填空
(1)Rescue workers searched all night in the hope of finding more survivors.
(2)She searched for him everywhere，but in vain.
(3)We are in search of/making a search for/searching for an experienced and reliable producer of jewellery.
5. think highly of对……评价高；看重；器重
[应试指导]　“think＋副词＋of”在写作中的运用
think much/well of重视；看重；对……高度评价
think little of认为……没什么了不起；对……满不在乎；轻视；忽视
be well/highly thought of被……高度评价

(1)As a young leader，he is highly thought of.
作为一位年轻的领导，他受到高度评价。
(2)I gave him some advice，but he thought little of it.
我给他提了几条建议，但他根本不理会。
多维训练
同义句改写
(1)She was highly thought of and was called one of the Chinese ten filial piety stars (中国十大孝星之一)．(用过去分词短语作状语改写)
Highly thought of，she was called one of the Chinese ten filial piety stars.
(2)She thought nothing of travelling around the world alone and went on a journey on her own.(用现在分词短语作状语改写)
Thinking nothing of travelling around the world alone，she went on a journey on her own.

6. remove v.移走； 排除；迁移；移居
多维训练
(1)她从名单上把我的名字除去了。
She removed my name from the name list.
(2)三个孩子被学校开除了。
Three children were removed from school.
(3)他摘掉墨镜后我才认出他来。
I recognized him after he removed his dark glasses.
(4)我们将要搬到一栋新房子里去。
We are going to remove into a new house.
7. evidence n.证据；根据
多维训练
(1)单句语法填空
①There is some evidence that he is involved in the case.
②It was evident(evidence) that all the evidence we collected proved him to be guilty.
③The man unfolded the paper and glanced at it，but his thoughts were evidently(evident) elsewhere.
(2)单句改错
Have you any evidences to support this statement？evidences→evidence
8. belong to 属于；是……的成员；应归入
多维训练
(1)单句语法填空
①He was identified only by this uniform and personal belongings(belong)．
②The house belonging(belong) to my grandfather was sold yesterday.
③There are so many toys on the table；they belong to me(I)．
(2)单句改错
Put it back where it belongs to.去掉to
9. in return作为报答；回报；作为交换
多维训练
(1)单句语法填空
①I presented John a picture，and he gave me his photograph in return.
②I gave him my favorite book in return for his timely help.
(2)同义句改写
On her return to England，she published an account of her travels.(用on＋doing改写)
On returning to England，she published an account of her travels.
(3)单句改错
He returned it back on time as he had promised.去掉back

10. There is no doubt that the boxes were then put on a train for Königsberg...毫无疑问，这些箱子后来被装上火车运往哥尼斯堡，……
句型公式：There is no doubt that...
(1)There is no doubt意为“毫无疑问”，后接that从句或about＋名词结构。There is doubt意为“……值得怀疑”，后接whether引导的从句或about＋名词结构。
(2)doubt v．& n．怀疑；疑问，作动词时，其用法如下：
①在否定句和疑问句中，doubt后面接that引导的宾语从句。
②在肯定句中，doubt后面一般接whether或if引导的宾语从句。
作名词时，用法如下：
①用于肯定句时，一般接whether引导的同位语从句。
②用于否定句、疑问句时，一般接that引导的同位语从句。
(3)be in doubt犹豫不决
beyond doubt无疑地
(1)There is some doubt whether he is suitable for the job.
他是否胜任这项工作还有一些疑问。
(2)I have no doubt that you’ll succeed.
我相信你肯定能成功。
多维训练
(1)单句语法填空
①I don’t doubt that he can finish the task on time.
②I doubt if/whether they can swim across the river.
③There is no doubt that she will come in time.
④I have some doubt whether he will be elected.
⑤When in doubt，we’re here for you.Give us a call.
(2)同义句改写
There is no doubt that our experiment will succeed.(用“介词＋名词”改写)
There is no doubt about the success of our experiment.
11. In a trial，a judge must decide which eyewitnesses to believe and which not to believe.在审讯中，法官必须判断哪些证人可信哪些证人不可信。
句型公式：疑问词＋不定式
“疑问词＋不定式”结构可在句中作主语、宾语、表语等。
(1)在“疑问词＋不定式”结构中，不定式必须用主动式而不能用被动式。
(2)why后加不定式时，不定式省略符号to。
(3)whether后可接不定式，而if不可。
(1)I don’t know how to do it next.
我不知道下一步该怎么办。
(2)Why not discover what you enjoy and do that?
为什么不去发现你喜欢做的然后去做呢？
多维训练
同义句改写
(1)He doesn’t know what he will talk about.(改为简单句)
He doesn’t know what to talk about.
(2)I really have no idea whether I will accept her invitation or not.(改为简单句)
I really have no idea whether to accept her invitation or not.
(3)Why don’t you stop to have a rest？(用why not改写)
Why not stop to have a rest?
12. Frederick William I，the King of Prussia，could never have imagined that his greatest gift to the Russian people would have such an amazing history.普鲁士国王腓特烈威廉一世怎么也不会想到他送给俄罗斯人民的厚礼会有这样一段令人吃惊的历史。
句型公式：could have done
(1)can/could have done用于否定句或疑问句中，表示对过去发生事情的推测，意为“可能已经……”。

(2)could have done用在肯定句中，意为“本能够做……(而实际未做)”。
(3)must have done表示推测(用于肯定句)，意为“一定/准是已经……”。
(4)may/might have done表推测(多用肯定句或否定句)，意为“可能……”。
(5)might have done本可以做……，本该做……(实际未做)。
(6)should/ought to have done本该做……(而实际未做)。,(7)needn’t have done本没必要做……(实际做了)。

(1)There is no light in the room，can they have gone out?
屋里没亮灯，他们有可能出去了吗？
(2)—I stayed at a hotel while in New York.
—Oh，did you？You could have stayed with Barbara.
——在纽约时我住在一家旅馆里。
——噢，是吗？你本来能够和巴巴拉住在一起的。
(3)—I spent two weeks in London last summer.
—Then you must have visited the British Museum during your stay，didn’t you?
——去年夏天我在伦敦呆了两周。
——那么在此期间你一定参观过大英博物馆了，是吗？(2015·陕西省高考压轴卷)
多维训练
根据句意用合适的情态动词填空
(1)I should have helped Peter with his work，but I had a lot of things to do myself.
(2)In his teens，Charles Dickens lived a poor life，which must have contributed to his later writing.(2015·四川成都检测)
(3)Some people may not have plans yet for New Year’s Eve，but others know exactly what they will be doing.
(4)We could have faced the difficulty together，but why didn’t you tell me?
(5)—They are said to have been familiar with each other.
—But they could not have been.They were introduced only hours ago.(2015·江苏苏锡常镇四市调研)
(6)—I sent him a most interesting story book by mail this morning.
—You need not have done so；he’s coming tomorrow morning.

Ⅰ.语境填词
1．Our school will donate 500 copies of different valuable(有价值的) books to your class，which include popular science books，classic works and so on.(2015·天津)
2．Select(选择) something around you that you share with the other person.(2015·安徽)
3．They decorated(装饰) the apartment with streamers and party lights.(2015·北京)
4．A researcher removes(移动) the card and replaces it by another，this time with the spots differently spaced.(2013·新课标全国Ⅰ)
5．I noticed the entrance(入口) was small and almost blocked.(2014·北京)
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．The dog had initially been knocked unconscious but had survived(survive) by drinking water from a fresh stream at the base of the cliff.(2015·陕西)
2．With this data，he and a colleague were able to test and improve a computer program designed(design) to model ocean currents.(2014·广东)
3．Little Tom sat amazed(amaze) watching the monkey dancing in front of him.(2015·四川)
4．Suddenly it occurred to Majorcans that the island no longer belonged to them.(2014·陕西)
5．Being untouched is not，in itself，a characteristic worth valuing(value) above all others.2012·北京)
6．Where unemployment and crime are high，it can be assumed that the latter is due to the former.(2009·江苏)
7．Tours depart at regular intervals throughout the day from the Courtyard and finish at the entrance to the State Apartments.(2010·天津)
8．If they often cheat in the exams，they will form a bad habit，which will have a bad effect on their life.(2015·广东)
9．Doubting(doubt) others does not seem to be natural to us.(2012·大纲全国Ⅰ)
10．As I got a little older I began to understand what my dad really meant.(2015·广东)
Ⅲ.短语填空

1．Finally some condominiums(公寓) were built，but less than half t