小学语法要点及习题1.doc

小学语法要点及习题(2009-05-29 18:07:37)
标签： 杂谈
词汇词汇是语言学习之根本，没有词汇其他无从谈起。《考生要有目的有计划地掌握这些词汇。因为它们是参考的底线.背的时候可使用“四步五法”：四步：1.先掌握五个元音字母的长短音。2.辅音字母在单词中的发音。3.积攒20～30个最常用字母组合（如：eaeeeroaowouirurchshthtionmentqughorairtrdral等。）4.联想。可放句中，也可单独联想。单独联想可分五步：1.谐音。如：taxi“太可惜”宝马当出租，太可惜了。2.拼音。fashion发誓赶上时髦。3.象形。hall大厅里的椅子（h都（all）摆好了。4.熟词。weather分成weather。小时候，天气冷的时候，我们（we）就在（at）奶奶她的（her）温暖的小屋里听故事。5.相同音组短句。blindfindmindkind我的眼睛有点blind，你丢的东西没有find，要是你真的不怎么mind，那你可真kind。
特殊疑问句：以疑问代词或疑问副词开头，提出疑问的句子。
它的基本结构是：特殊疑问词＋一般疑问句语序。但是如果疑问词在句子中作主语或作主语的定语，就用特殊疑问词＋陈述句语序。常用的疑问词有：what, who(whom), whose,which, when, where, how, why等，回答时针对问句中的代词和副词来回答，不用yes或no来回答。
1)对指物名词或谓语动词提出疑问，疑问词用what
①The twins were making a kite when their mother came in. （划线提问）
______ _____ the twins _____ when their mother came in?
②Mrs Turner asked her son to buy some eggs for supper. （划线提问）
_______ ______ Mrs Turner ask her son ______ _______?
2)对名词前定语提出疑问，疑问词应用which，而且必须和名词连用。
I'm going to take the shirt on the right.（划线提问）
______ _____ are you going to take?
3)对指人名词或代词提问用who，作宾语时提问用whom。
eg.Li Ping,they,his father
4)对物主代词和名词所有格提问用whose。
eg. Li Ping's coat→Whose coat
my father→Whose father
5)对具体时间提出疑问，如 in the morning,last Sunday等，疑问词用when；对具体几点钟提问，疑问词应用what time。
6)对具体地点提出疑问，疑问词应用where。
The pupils are having a picnic at the foot of the hill. （划线提问）
_____ _____ the pupils having a picnic?
7)对表原因的从句提问，常见的有because引导的从句，疑问词应用why。
Xiao Cheng didn't go to the farm with us because he was ill. （划线提问）
_______ _____ Xiao Cheng go to the farm with us?
8)对方式或程度等提出疑问，用疑问词How。
go by bike like very much
9)对数量提出疑问，疑问词为How many，要注意how many必须跟名词的复数形式。
two hundred sheep→How many sheep
10)对价格提出疑问，疑问词用How much。
I paid fifty yuan for the sweater.
______ ______ did you pay for the sweater?
11)对时间长度提出疑问，疑问词应用How long。
I've worked in that factory for two years. （划线提问）96中考题
______ _____ _______ you worked in that factory?
12)对时间频率，如 once a year, twice a week等提问，疑问词用How often。
13)对具体次数，如 once, twice, three times等提问，疑问词用How many times。
eg. ______ did he call you the day before yesterday?Twice. （96中考题）

A.What time B.How many times C.How much D.How long

14)对in＋一段时间提问，疑问词一般用How soon。

eg. Jane and her brother will finish the work in two hours. （划线提问）

_____ _____ _____ Jane and her brother finish the work?

15)对距离提出疑问，疑问词用How far。

eg. It's about two kilometres from here to the country.（划线提问）

______ _____ _____ _____ from here to the country?

16)另外，对日期、星期、天气等提出疑问，则分别用 What's the date?/ What day is it ?

如果是过去时间，就用was代替is。如：What's the weather like?