动词、初中时态演习.doc

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分类：实义动词、系动词、助动词和情态动词
实义动词：能独立做谓语的动词，分为及物动词和不及物动词。有些词既可以做及物动词也可以做不及物动词（eg:study），有些不及物动词与一些别的词语搭配在一起构成短语动词，它的作用相当于一个及物动词(注意积累)。
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动词
一、 分类：实义动词、系动词、助动词和情态动词
1. 实义动词：能独立做谓语的动词，分为及物动词和不及物动词。有些词既可以做及物动词也可以做不及物动词（eg:study），有些不及物动词与一些别的词语搭配在一起构成短语动词，它的作用相当于一个及物动词(注意积累)。
延续性动词和非延续性动词，延续性动词表示动作是可持续的，如：live,stay,study,work等可以和表示一段时间的状语连用。非...表示瞬间动作，如：buy, lend , borrow,die,begin等，不能和一段时间连用。
2. 系动词，不能单独做谓语，必须和表语一起构成谓语，说明主语的状态、特征、性质或身份。常见的系动词有：be,become,get,turn,sound,smell,tast,feel,keep.这些词没有被动语态，也不用于进行时态。
3.助动词本身没有词义或意义不完整，不能单独用作谓语。
be+现分，现在进行时
have(has,had)+动词-ed形式，现在完成时
do 用于构成疑问句、倒装句、否定句和加强语气及代替前面刚出现过的动词。
4.情态动词
二、 时态（8种）
注意：一般现在时
1. 在时间、条件状语从句中，用现在时表示将来。Eg:
If it rains tomorrow,we won’t go to the park.
When I grow up , I will go to America.
表示按规定或时间表预计将发生的动作。
eg; We’re going to Changchun.Our plan takes off at 8:10.
2. 在某些以here, there 开头的句子中用一般现在时表示正在发生的动作。Eg:There goes the bell.
3. 表示客观事实或普遍真理。
eg: The earth goes around the sun.
4. 表示一般现在时的时间状语：
always, often, usually, on Monday, sometimes, on Sunday ,on Monday afternoon, every day, in the morning ,every year….
5. 表示一般过去时的时间状语
Last night, yesterday, last week, some years ago, in 1995, in the past, just now等
6. 一般将来时: be going to do “计划打算做某事”；will+ do; be about to do “b表即将发生或安排好要做的事情”
7. 现在完成时：表示过去发生的或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果；表示动作或状态在过去已经开始，持续到现在，也许还要持续下去，常和for, since连用，表示持续的动作或状态，多为延续性动词。

a) 注意区别现在完成时和一般过去时

时态练习
1. The population of the world _ still_ now.
A. has; grown B.is ; growing C.will; grow D.is; grown
2. Why not_ your teacher for help when you can’t finish _ it by yourself?
A. ask; write B. tell; writing C.ask; writing D.telling;write
3. –Shall I take you to the shopping mall after work?
-No, thanks. My father said he would _ there on his way home.
A. look for me B. pick me up C.let me down D.take after me
4. This type of MP4 is my favorite , but I can’t _ it.
A. spend B. cost C. pay D.afford
5.I first met Lisa three years ago when we _ at a radio station together.
A. have worked B. had been working C. were working D.had worked
6. The classroom was so dirty.I decided _
A. clean it up B. to clean it up C. clean up it
7, In the class, Mr. Green asked us to stop___.So we _ to him immediately.
A. talking; stop listening B. to talk; stop listening C.talking;stopped to listen
8.-What did your teacher say just now?
-Sorry, I don’t know.I _ on the phone.
A. am talking B. talk C.was talking
9.-What do you know about Walt disney?
-He _ cartoons for newspapers.
A. sent B. wrote C. read D. drew
10.We were in Qingdao last week and _ great fun there .
A. will have B. have had C. had D. have
11.-Hello! Can I speak to Alice?
-Sorry.She isn’t here right now.She _to the shop.
A. goes B. will go C. has gone D.was going
12. Li Ming will give us a call as soon as he _ in Sichuan.
A. is arriving B. will arrive C. arrived D. arrives
13. Before Mozart was six he _ the violin, the piano and the organ.
A.carried B. made C. played D.created
14. Help! Wang Qiang _ an accident.
A. was having B. had had C. has had D.will have
15.-What do you think of Mr.Read’s speech ?
- He_ for nearly two hours but didn’t _ anything important.
A. spoke; speak B.said ; say C.sopke ; say D.said; spoke
16.-_ you _ the film Harry Potter?
- Not yet. I’ll see it this Sunday.
A. Did; see B. Are; seeing C. Have; seen D.Do; see
17.The World Without Thieves is a very moving film.I_ it twice alur already.
A. will see B. have seen C. saw D.see
18. –Sorry .but your adress again,please .I _ catch it .
- It’s 18 Hongxing Road.
A. didn’t B. don’t C. won’t D.wouldn’t
19. – Do you know when Dr White _ for dinner this evening?
- No, but I think he _ when he is free.
A. will come ; comes B. will come; will come
C.comes ; comes D. comes; will come
20.-Why didn’t you go to the movies yesterday?
- Because I _ it before.
A. had watched B. have seen C. have watched D.had seen
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分类：实义动词、系动词、助动词和情态动词
实义动词：能独立做谓语的动词，分为及物动词和不及物动词。有些词既可以做及物动词也可以做不及物动词（eg:study），有些不及物动词与一些别的词语搭配在一起构成短语动词，它的作用相当于一个及物动词(注意积累)。
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