人教版英语八年级上册Unit+3-4+知识总结与练习.doc

课题
Review Unit3 ----unit 4 (八上)
教学目标
1. Master the new words, phrases and sentences of unit3---unit 4
2. Master the simple past tense .
重点、难点
Comparative and superlative forms of adjectives and adverbs
考点及考试要求
1. Use the key words, phrases and sentences correctly .
2.Use Comparative and superlative forms of adjectives and adverbs correctly
教学内容
Key points
一．Phrases
Unit3
1.两者都_______________________ 2.与……相似 _______________________
3.唱歌比赛_______________________ 4.有短发的那个人_______________________
5.最重要的事_______________________ 6.做某事做的开心_______________________
7.据你所知_______________________ 8.像你所看到的那样_______________________
9.在某方面有才能_______________________ 10.擅长做某事_______________________
11.在某方面做的好_______________________ 12.对于我来说_______________________
13．对于某人来说是重要的_________________14.他们俩都_______________________
15.喜欢学习_______________________ 16.只要_______________________
17.与……不同_______________________ 18.与……相同_______________________
19.使显现出_______________________ 20.与某人分享某物_______________________
21.关心_______________________ 22.握住你的手_______________________
23.触动你的心_______________________ 24.事实上_______________________
25．使某人做某事_______________________
Unit 4
1.离……近______________________ 2. 音效最好______________________
3.最短的等待时间______________________ 4.最舒服的座位______________________

5.问一些问题______________________ 6.欢迎来到……______________________
7.迄今为止______________________ 8.没问题，不客气______________________
9.一点也不______________________ 10.擅长______________________
11.最有才能的人______________________ 12.越来越受欢迎______________________
13.观看一些人展示才能_______ 14.才艺表演______________________
15.在……方面有共同点______________________ 16.等等______________________
17.各种各样______________________ 18.试图寻找______________________
19.由你决定______________________ 20.起作用______________________
21.获得奖______________________ 在某方面获得奖______________________
22.编造，组成______________________ 23.认真对待……______________________
24.使某人的梦想实现______________________ 25.最拥挤的地方______________________
26．最有创造性的人______________________ 27.在镇上______________________
28.最受欢迎______________________
29.唱得最漂亮______________________
30.你认为它怎么样？（两种）_________________________________________________
二，key points
1.Peter likes to do the same things as me. 彼得喜欢和我做一样的事情。
My best friend Larry is quite different from me. 我最好的朋友拉里和我很不一样。
（1）the same as...意为“与······相同”。例如：My birthday is the same as Tom’s. 我的生日与汤姆的一样。
2. different from.意为“和······不一样”，是the same as...的反义词组。
例如：Lucy is different from Lily. 露西与莉莉不一样。
[拓展] difference 意为“不同；不用之处”，可做可数名词，也可用作不可数名词。例如：
There is no difference between the twins.那对双胞胎长得一模一样
Exercises
1. Life in the country is quite _______ that in the city.
A. the same B. different from C. full of D.the same as
2.Is your pen _______ Jim’s?
A.same as B.the same C.the same with D.the same as
3. There is not much _______ (different) in price between the two coats.
4. 我的妹妹和我不一样。
My sister _______ _______ _______ me.

2. We both like sports. 我们两个都喜欢运动。
They are both tall. 他们两个都高。
both 表示两者都, neither 表示两者都不。
both of/neither of 表示“两者都/都不”。例如：
They both are students.= Both of them are students. 他们两个都是学生。
The girls both like English.=Both of the girls like English. 这两个女孩都喜欢英语。
Neither of them is a doctor. 他们两个都不是医生。

Exercises
1.There are lots of colorful on _______ sides of the streets.
A.each B.both C.either D.all
2.----What are your parents? ---- They__________ doctors.
A.are all B.are both C.all are D.both are
3.Li Lei and Li Ming black hair.
A.have both B.both have C.has both D.both has
4.Both of them are doctors.(改为否定句） _______ _______ them _______ a doctor.

3. Huang Lei isn’t as good at tennis as Larry. 黄磊不如拉里擅长网球。
as...as 与······一样
not as/so...as 不如······
中间加形容词或副词的原级。例如：
He is as tall as Tom. 他跟汤姆一样高。
She isn’t as outgoing as her sister. 她不如她的姐姐外向。

Exercises
1.Jim is twelve years old. Tim is twelve years old, too.(合并为同义句）
Jim is _______ _______ _______ Tim.
2.English is as easy as math.(改为否定句）
English _______ _______ ______ ________ _______math.
4.However,Larry is much less hard-working, so I always get better grades.
a little 和much 都可用来修饰比较级，表示“更······一点，······得多”。例如：
He is a little shorter than you. 他比你少矮一点儿。
[拓展] 修饰比较级除了用a little 外，还可用even（甚至），far(非常），a lot(非常），a bit(一点）

Exercises
1.This is my friend. He is outgoing than I am.
A. much B.more much C.a little more D.a lot of more
2.She is _______ _______ _______(稍矮一点）than Tom.
5.I think a good friend makes me laugh.
make v. 制造；使；让。常用结构：make sb./ sth.+adj. 使/让某人/某事怎么样；make sb. do sth. 让某人做某事。例如：
Mother made a birthday cake for me.妈妈为我做了一个生日蛋糕。
The news makes everyone happy.这个消息使每个人都很快乐。
His mother made him finish the work alone.他妈妈让他一个人完成这项工作。
Exercises
1. The boss makes the worker _______10 hours every day.
A.work B.to work C.working D.works
2. Mr Bean enjoys _______ jokes and often makes us _______.
A.to tell; to laugh B.tells; laugh C.telling; laugh D.telling; laughing
6.形容词的比较级和最高级
（1）原级: 常用结构__________像..……一样
Zhang Hong is ____________________ Tom和......一样高）
否定形式： “不如/不及..…____________________
（2）比较级（用于两者之间的比较）
常用结构:__________
____________________（谁跑得更快）,Lucy or Hanmei?
____________________.（他比我高） Holly’s best friend is __________。（比他更有趣）
（3）最高级用于三者或三者以上比较,形容词的最高级前常加定冠词____
常用结构:
a: ____________________是...... 中最...... Eg:He is the tallest of the three.
活学活用：
1.He is__________(最有趣的）in his class.
2.The seats in the middle of the cinema are the best of all.
b:____________________最……之一 Eg:Kunming is one of the most beautiful cities in China.
活学活用：
Changjiang River is ____________________（最长的河流之一) in the world.
c:特殊疑问词+be+the+最高级，甲，乙or丙？
Who is the tallest,Tom,Jim or John?
_____________________________(哪种语言是最困难的）,English,Japanese or Chinese?
d:the +序数词+最高级+单数名词+in 短语
The Yellow river is the second longest river in our country.
《注意》形容词最高级前一般要加定冠词the，但当形容词最高级前有形物代，所有格时，则不能再加the.
Please give my best wishes to your sister,Lily. The monitor said last Sunday was his most unlucky days in his life.
补充：1. The +比较级 …… ， the +比较级……
2. 比较级 +and +比较级 More and more beautiful Faster and faster.
Exercises
(   )1You are doing great! I’ve never had _____answer before.(河北)
A better          B best          C a better      D the best
(   ) 2.Of all the students, Angie is the __________but studies __________than others.
A .shorter, best B .shortest, better C .shortest, best D .shorter, better
(   )3 Eighteen kids died in the school bus accident in Gansu Province. It’s ___one that I have ever heard of. (广东)
A a very serious    B a more serious   C the most serious   D the least serious 
(   )4You should practice more to improve your English, then you’ll be ______at it.(南昌)
A good           B better          C best             D the best
(   )5 –Do you think computers are more expensive than they were five years ago?--No,they are_______.(沈阳)
A cheap          B cheaper         C cheapest         D the cheapest
(   )6. Shu-how Lin is now one of ______ basketball players in the NBA.(福州)
A popular             B more popular             C the most popular
(   )7 Who listens _____, Tom, Jack or Bill?(天津)
A the most carefully   B more carefully  C the most careful  D more careful
(   )8 We have two ears and one mouth so that we can listen______ we speak.(杭州)
A as twice as much    B twice as much as  C as much as twice   D as much twice as
(   )9 --Do you like this movie?  --Yes, it’s the ____one I’ve ever seen.(广州)
A better           B best         C good             D well
(   )10. As students, we must work hard to make our country _______.
A .rich and stronger B .richer and stronger C .richer and stronger D .rich and strong
7.It’s the closest to home. 它离家最近。
（1）close 在此句中为形容词，意为“近的，接近的”，既可指时间，也可以指空间上的。closest 为形容词 close的最高级形式。其反义词为far, 近义词为near。在表达“离……近”时用（be）close to 结构。例如：
 The post office is close to the park. 邮局离公园近。
 He sat close to us. 他挨着我们坐。
[拓展] ① close与near都意为“近的”，但close比near表达的距离更近，相当于very near，可以近至几乎相接触，而near意为“附近的；邻近的。”
例如：
     My home is near our school.我家离我们学校很近。
      ② close还是一个动词，意为“关；关闭”。其反义词为open。例如：
     Please close the windows before leaving. 离开前请将窗户关上。
     Don’t close your eyes, please. 请不要闭上眼睛。
（2）home 在这里为名词，意为“家”，包含“爱；温暖；舒适；安全”等意义，通常不用冠词修饰。例如：
     Home is where the heart is.心在哪里，哪里就是家。
Exercises
1. The store is the __________my home. I often do shopping in it.
A. Near   B.closest   C.farthest     D.closes
2. －David ,where do you live? －It’s__________ Taishan.
   A. Close from B.closing to C.close to D.far to 
3. My home is __________our school, so I have to take the bus.
   A. Far from  B.closed to C. Far to  D.near.
8.It’s always interesting to watch other people show their talents.
（1）.It’s interesting to do sth. 意思是 “做某事有趣”， 它是It’s +adj+to do sth.句型的一种形式，it 作形式主语，to do sth.是真正的主语。例如：
     It’s very interesting to play computer games.
     玩电脑游戏很有趣。
（2）. watch 在句中是感官动词。Watch sb.do sth. 意为“观看某人做了某事或经常观看某人做某事”，强调“观看动作的全过程”。例如：I  watched them play football the whole afternoon.
[拓展] ①watch sb.doing sth. 则表示“观看某人正在做某事”强调“动作正在进行”。例如：
     I’m watching them playing football. 
        ②hear，see, feel, notice 等感官动词的用法与watch一致例如：
     I saw him get on the bus. 我看见他上了公共汽车。（动作已完成）
     I saw him getting on the bus. 我看见他正在上公共汽车。（动作正在进行)
Exercises
1. I saw my father__________ . It made me __________better.
   A.smiling; to feel B.smile; feeling  C.smile ; feel  D.smile; to feel
2. The young woman watched her daughter_ a yo-yo yesterday afternoon.
   A.to play  B.to play with   C.playing with   D.played
3. I often hear her__________ in the room.
   A.sing  B.sang   C.singing  D.to sing
Exercises
一．根据句意及首字母提示填写正确的单词
1. She is h_______, but has nothing to eat. 2. Is there e_____ room for me in the car?
3. I’m very tired and I can h______ go on. 4. The young man s_____ to be worried about his mother.
5. There is n_______ difficult if you work hard.
6. You should try to do more exercise and eat l____ meat.
7. Twenty p______ of the students in our class watch TV every day.
8. You should brush your teeth t_____ a day. It’s good for your teeth.
9. It’s going to rain. You should bring an u________.
10. Now more and more people have computers and use the I_________.
11.I have two t _________to the basketball match.
12.. Tam listens very c_________ in class. All the teachers like him.
13. That restaurant has good s _________ .
14.Bill Gates often helps the p _________ in Africa.
15. His mother is s _________ ill.
二．单项选择
1. The People’s Cinema is close _________ my home. A. in B, out C. to D. of
2. _________ is the coat? A. How far B. How much C. How soon D. How often
3.一 _________ is it from your home to school? 一Ten minutes by bus.
A. How far B. How much C. How soon D. How long
4. FM 97. 4 is the best_ _________ . Lt plays popular music every day.
A. fast food restaurant B. Clothing store C. radio station D. music store
5. (2012，广西桂林)The red pencil is _________ than the green one.
A. short B. shorter C. nice D. the shortest
6.You can buy ticket _________ here.
A. the most quick B. the more quick C. the most quickly D. the more quickly
7.I like the Big Screen Complex because it has _________ screen.
A. bigger B. the worst C. the biggest D. worst
8.—The weather is _________ today than yesterday.
A. bad B. worse C. bader D. badly
9.Which is__________season in Beijing?
A. better B. best C. the best D. good
10. (2012，福建福州)Shu-how Lin is now one of _________ basketball players in the NBA.
A. popular B, more popular C. the most popular
11．The boys are having great fun ______ in the waves.
A．play B．to play C．played D．playing
12. My grandfather _______ ten years ago.

A. dead B. die C. death D. died
13. Eighty percent of the teachers ______ women teachers in our school.
A. is B. are C. be D. was
14.  — What are you going to give your mother for her birthday?    — I’m not sure. But I’ll buy her   ______   . 
A. something special   B. anything special  C. special something     D. special anything
15. ---Do you have ______to say for yourself? ---No, I have ______to say.
A. something; everything B. nothing; something C. everything; anything D. anything; nothing

二．完型填空
I used to live in my own room alone. But one day it all changed when my brother Mike asked to share my   1  . At first, my parents said “no” to him, but at last my mother agreed. I cried and asked my parents not to do this,   2   it didn’t work.
As soon as Mike entered my room, it began to become   3  . To my anger, he often left his unwashed clothes and toys everywhere!
One evening, I was doing some   4   on my computer while Mike was listening to music.  5  , I left my seat to get some water. A big surprise was waiting for me when I   6  . He was using my computer to play game. I had forgotten to save the homework. Sadly, he had closed my program   7   saving it—all I had done had disappeared! I   8   him. He cried a lot as my mother came and beat him. My mother also asked him to leave my room at once.
Then I did my homework   9   . At 10: 00 pm. I finished it. When I was going to turn off the   10 , I saw the photo of my   11   that he had put on my table. I looked at his lovely face and remembered how   12   he was when my mom beat him. I really felt   13  . I went to see what he was doing. I found he was   14   in my parents’ bed. I kissed his face. He woke up, got up and said. “I’m sorry. I won’t bring you any more trouble.”
I was as moved and said. “From now on, my room is not only mine. It is   15   !” That very night, Mike and I shared not only the room, but the bed.
1. A. clothes          B. food            C. room             D. toys
2. A because         B. but              C. or                  D. so
3. A. dirty          B. empty          C. quiet              D. tidy
4. A. business      B. homework  C. reading           D. shopping 
5. A. Later          B. Instead        C. However        D. Sometimes
6. A. danced         B fell              C. returned         D. slept
7. A. after             B. by                C. for                  D. without 
8. A agreed with    B. heard from   C. looked after     D. shouted at
9. A as well           B. for ever        C. in the end        D. once gain
10. A computer