中美大学课堂教育对比.docx

中美大学课堂教育对比
一、课堂特点
中国课堂：任务、纪律、整齐划一
学生端端正正地坐在拥挤的教室里，注意力高度集中听讲。老师滔滔不绝地讲，学生静静地听。
学生要抄写大量笔记，单调的灌输式教学方式使学生对学习往往失去兴趣。
老师占用课堂大部分时间，老师讲课时一般不提问学生。
美国课堂：形散而神不散
上课如开研讨会，学生分组活动，发言积极，课堂上欢声笑语。
课堂上不断有提问与回答，学生可以随时接住同伴的话题继续进行，老师观察指导。
教师很敬业，讲课充满热情，鼓励、启发学生，学生知识面广，善于表达。
二、学生的学习方式
中国学生：独立学习
中国的教育过分重视学生课内的学习，而忽视学生课外的实践学习。
学习中，要求学生独立完成作业，过分强调独立思考，课堂上不提倡与别人讨论，学生在学习中不喜欢求教他人，喜欢独立思考。
学习中很少分享，同伴间的学习互相保守，谈不上积极帮助。
美国学生：合作学习
除在课内学习外，强调学生在课外的合作学习。
提倡团队协作、合作，强调小组和团队、集体的力量和作用，注意培养与他人的合作能力，提倡在协作中提高自我。
提倡分享，注重交流与沟通，重视别人的不同意见，重视从不同渠道获得的知识和信息。
三、学习时间
中国：全天学习
美国：半天学习
四、教材
中国的教材强调夯实基础
美国的教材比较浅显
五、师生关系：中国：传统的师生关系 美国：融洽的朋友关系
六、育人目标：中国：重视基础知识的掌握 美国：重视创造力的培养
七、教育理念：中国：事先安排好学习内容 美国：学生自主选择学习内容，提倡学生学习自己感兴趣的东西
八、考试制度：中国:考试目的在于淘汰人和升学的需要 美国:在于寻找自身存在的不足，查漏补缺，以利于今后学习的开展。
九、班级规模：中国:大班授课 美国:小班授课
十、对待成绩的态度：中国:成绩公布，学生和老师很重视成绩 美国:成绩属于隐私，不公布，学生和老师不太重视成绩

中美课堂教育差异的原因：1、历史原因2、社会因素3、中美教育评价标准与教育价值观不同4、中国教育重知识，重灌溉的课堂教学方式，美国重实践、重创造的课堂教学模式

建议：注重培养学生的合作学习能力注重培养学生的实践、创新能力推进人才模式改革，尊重学生个性和发展需求营造平等、民主、宽松的课堂氛围采用多元化的考核方式注重课堂信息反馈增强教师责任意识，提高服务水平。

总结：中国依旧是传统式教育、不大实用；美国偏重于实际动手能力、比较符合社会发展的需要
教育是一种文化现象，不同的教育反映的是不同文化内涵，适宜美国社会的教育体制并不一定适合中国。每一种教育方式都有其优点，我们要理性地看待。

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University classroom education of China and the United States

First：class characteristics
Chinese class: task, discipline, uniform
Students sitting in a crowded classroom, seriously from concentration to the lecture.Teacher speak reel, students listen.
Students want to copy a lot of notes, monotonous force-feeding teaching methods so that the students tend to lose interest in learning.
The teacher to take up the classroom, most of the time don't usually ask students when the teacher lectures.

American classroom: appearance and spirit
Classes such as seminars, student group activities, speak positively, laughter in class.
Has to ask and answer in class, students can always catch the companion subject to continue and guiding teacher observation.
Teacher is very professional, lecture is full of enthusiasm, encourage and inspire the student, the student aspect of knowledge broad, good at expression.

Second: students' learning styles
Chinese student: independent learning
China pays too much attention to the education of students in classroom learning, learning and ignore students' extracurricular practice.
Study, students are required to finish the homework independently, too much emphasis on independent thinking and not recommended to discuss with others in the class, the students don't like to ask other people in the study, like independent thinking.
Learning rarely sharing, peer learning each other between conservative and not actively help.

American students: cooperative learning

Except in class learning, emphasize the cooperative learning of students outside the classroom.
Advocate teamwork, cooperation, and emphasizes the team and the team, the collective strength and function, pay attention to the cultivation of ability to cooperate with others, advocate the collaboration of improving yourself.
Advocate sharing, pay attention to communication, pay attention to other people's different opinions, attach importance to get knowledge and information from different sources.

Third：learning time
China: learning throughout the day
The United States: half a day to learn

Fourth:teaching material
China's emphasis on solid foundation
Textbooks are obvious in the United States

Fifth: relationship between teachers and students
China: the traditional relationship between teachers and students
The United States: along with frien

Sixth: educational target
China attaches great importance to the basic knowledge of mastery
The United States: attention to the cultivation of creativity

Seven: education idea
China: arrange learning content in advance
The United States,：students choose their own learning and promote students to learn what they interested in

Eighth: examination system
China: the test aims to eliminate the need of studying
The united States: is finding itself of leak fill a vacancy, to facilitate the future study

Ninth:class size
China: a large class
The United States: small classes

Ten:the attitude of achievement
China: achievements, performance is very important to students and teachers
The United States:achievement belongs to privacy, not to publish, students and teachers don't value

The reason for the difference between the classroom education
Historical reasons
Social factors
Education evaluation standard and education of China and the United States have different values
China education heavy knowledge, irrigation mode of classroom teaching, the heavy practice, creating classroom teaching mode

Advice
Pay attention to cultivate students' ability in cooperative learning
Pay attention to cultivate the students' ability of practice and innovation
Promote the reform of talent pattern, respect students' personality and development needs
Equality, democracy and relaxed classroom atmosphere
Adopt diversified ways of evaluation
Pay attention to the classroom information feedback
Enhance teachers' responsibility consciousness, improve the service level

Conclusion
China is still a traditional education, not practical;The focus on the actual beginning ability, is to meet the needs of the development of society
Education is a cultural phenomenon, different education reflect the different cultural connotation, is suitable for the education system of American society is not necessarily suitable for China.Each kind of education mode has its advantages, we need to think rationally.

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