1、可数名词复数变化规则 一、 可数名词变复数规则变化及发音: 1、绝大多数的可数名词在词尾加上s ; eg:book→books;desk→desks;pen→pens;car→cars s遇t读浊辅音[ts],遇d读清辅音[dz] eg:friend→friends; cat→cats; 2.、以s、x、ch、sh结尾的单词,在该词末尾加上-es;读音规则:读[iz]; eg:bus→buses; box→boxes; watch→watchches; dish→dishes 3、以辅音字母+y结尾的名词,要把y变为i,再加-es;读音规则:读[z]。 eg:fly→
2、flies; baby→babies; 元音字母加y结尾的单词直接加s;eg:toy→toys;boy→boys; 4、以-f或-fe结尾的名词,要将-f或-fe变为-v,再加es;读音规则:读[vz]; eg:knife→knives;leaf→leaves; 5、以-o结尾的名词,初级阶段只有三个单词要加-es,其余都加-s;读音规则:读[z]。 eg:tomato→tomatoes西红柿; potato→potatoes土豆; hero→heroes英雄; Negro—Negroes 口诀:“黑人英雄喜欢吃土豆和西红柿” 其余eg:zoo→zoos
3、 hippo→hippos; 名词变复数不规则变化: 1.单词内部发生变化:口诀“oo常常变ee,男人女人a变e” eg:foot→feet脚;tooth→teeth牙齿;man→men男人;woman→women女人; 2.单复数相同:“羊鱼小鹿无变化,单数复数是一家” eg:sheep→sheep绵羊;fish→fish鱼;deer→deer鹿; 3.不规则变化:child→children孩子;mouse→mice老鼠;German→Germans德国人; 4“某国人”的复数有三种类型: 口诀“中日不变,英法变,其它S加后边” (1)Chinese, Japane
4、se单数复数同形,不需加s; (2)Englishman, Frenchman, Dutchman复数要把 man 变为men; (3)其他各国人以–an, -ian收尾的均直接加s。如:Americans, Australians, 5. 单复数相同(不变的)有:fish, sheep, Chinese, Japanese,police,class,family 6.一般只有复数,没有单数的有:people, shoes, glasses, gloves, shorts clothes, socks 7.代词的复数。It he she I you this that
5、 二. 不可数名词: ⒈不可数名词概念:不可以数出数目的名词叫做不可数名词。包括物质名词(表示无法分为个体的物质)和抽象名词(表示抽象概念的词)。 ⒉不可数名词特点: ⑴不可数名词没有复数形式,也不能与a, an及数词连用,常作单数看待。 例: water There’s some water in the bottle. food My favourite food is noodles. ⑵不可数名词如表数量,常和a bottle of, a glass of a pieces of 等名词词组连用。如表示复数,只把量词改为复数。 例:a bottle of p
6、op一瓶汽水 , two glasses of orange juice 两杯桔子汁, three cups of tea 三杯茶 ,a piece of paper一张纸 ⑶有些物质名词有时可数,有时不可数,要根据上下文决定,其意义也有所不同。 Glass(玻璃) glasses(眼镜) ⑷集体名词看作整体时,谓语用单数; 指成员时,谓语用复数。 His family is a large family. His family like animals. 指整体 指成员 ⑸有的名词单复数意思不同:
7、 例:hair 和fruit 通常作单数,表示总体。 My hair is black. 我的头发是黑色的。 I like fruit .It’s good for you.我喜欢水果,水果对你的身体有好处。 但如果表示若干根头发或各种水果,则需用复数形式. Danny has three hairs.丹尼有三根头发。 She likes pears, peaches and other fruits. 他喜欢梨,桃和其它水果。 名词单复数练习 Ⅰ. 写出下列单词的复数形式: fish- boy- watch- knife-
8、 leaf- wife- baby- family- man- woman- child- tooth- goose- mouse- sheep- peach- picture- Chinese- he- his- I- this- is- it- that- Ⅱ. 将下列句子改为复数句子: 1. He is looking after th
9、e baby.___________________ 2. It’s a big heavy box. ___________________________ 3. This picture is nice.__________________________ _ 4. She is a beautiful woman.____________________ Ⅲ. 将下列句子改为单数句子: 1. These are red coats. ____________________ 2. They’re my students.________________________
10、 3. They’re women workers here. ____________ 4. Those are beautiful flowers.__________________ Ⅳ. 划出下列单词中的不可数名词: meat food knife snow water ice orange truck car ear bread milk eraser clothes Ⅴ 根据括号内的词填空 1. Is this your __________ (notebook) .2. Those are my two
11、 ________ (brother). 3. That’s my ________ (sister). 4. They’re his _________ (parent). 5. These are my ________ (friends). 6. Is she your ________ (aunt)? 7. Here is my family _______ (photo). 8. Here are your ____________ (math book). 名词单复数中考习题集锦 【2013四川遂宁】22. I’m so hu
12、ngry. Please give me ______ to eat. A. three bread B. three pieces of bread C. three pieces of breads 【2013湖南娄底】29. —What can I do for you? —Err, I want a glass of milk, some bread and_________. A. some chickens B. any chickens C. some chicken 【2013 甘肃白银】51. Just search the internet, you can get almost all the ______ you need. A. informations B. information C. picture D. story 【2013四川南充】22. There are some ________ on the floor. A. milk B. child C. boxes
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