九年级英语语法专讲--定语从句.doc

语法专讲三：定语从句
I like the music that I can sing along with.
先行词 定语从句
一.定义：在复合句中，用来修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。被定语从句修饰的名词、代词叫先行词。定语从句放在先行词之后。
I like music that I can dance to.
先行词（物） ↘引导词
She is a girl ( who has long hair.)
先行词（人） ↘引导词
二.引导词：关系代词：that , which, who, whom, whose
关系副词：where, why, when
关系代词 关系副词
that
指人
指物
主语
宾语
when= 介词 + which
(in/at/on)
which
指物
主语
宾语
where=(in/ at...) + which
who
指人
主语

whom
指人
宾语
whose
指人
指物=of +which
在定从中作定语

① There are the twins who ______ in the next door. A. live B. lives C. lived
② A clock is a machine that ______ people the time. A. tell B. is telling C. tells
先行词
总结：㈠从句谓语动词的单复数与_____________的单复数一致，（当引导词充当定语从句的主语时）
③ It is the thing ______ I like. A. that B. when C. why
④ She is a girl ______ studies well. A. whom B. where C. which
㈡ 判断找引导词是关系代词或关系副词，找出定语从句的主谓宾，看缺什么成分。
⑤ I like the music _______ he writes. A. / B. who C. why
㈢that 引导定语从句，充当定语从句的宾语时，可以省略。
三．That与which的区别：that和which一般可互换，但下列情况只用that
1. I’m sure she has something ______ you can borrow.
A. that B. which
⑴ 先行词为：all, everything, nothing, something, anything, little, much, few等不定代词时
2. I’ve read all the books that are not mine.
⑵ 先行词被all, every, no, some, any, little, much等修饰时
3. This is the first book that he was read.
⑶先行词被序数词和最高级修饰时
4. This is the only book that belongs to him.
⑷先行词被the only, the very, the same, the best, the last等修饰时
5. There are some books and a man that I have seen.
⑸先行词既有人也有物
6. Who is the girl ______ spoke to you just now?
Which is the car ______ was made in China?
A. that B. who C. which
⑹当主句 以who或which开头时，定语从句的引导词用that,不用who或which,避免重复
3 that不能用于介词后及表示所有的，和非限制性定语从句
四．其它的：
⑴ Who is the man ______ I saw yesterday.
who与that都可指人，但前面有who,后面只可用that
⑵ This is the house in ______ he lives. A. that B. which C. who
先行词是物，且介词提前用which
The school my father works) looks very beautiful.
(my father works in the school)
A. which B. in that C. in which
⑶ Is this the man with ______ you went to the zoo yesterday?
A. who B. whom C. which
He is a man ( _______ we can learn).
A. whom B. from which C. from whom
先行词是人，且介词提前用whom
⑷ He lives in a house, _______ has many trees around it.
A. that B. which C. who
先行词（物）与引导词之间有逗号隔开（非限制性定语从句），用which
⑸ I know the boy _______ bike is red.
名词
He loves the room _______ window is towards the east.
Do you know the girl _______ hair is long.
A. which B. whose C. that
引导词后面有名词时，引导词用whose
⑹ He is a boy（______ is confident.）
(The boy is confident.)
主语
He is the teacher for _____ you are waiting.
(介词提前)
He is the teacher ( ______ you are waiting for.)
(You are waiting for the teacher)
A. who B. whom C. whose 宾语
先行词是人：①引导词在句中作主语，引导词用who
②介词提前在句中作宾语，引导词只能用whom
③引导词在从句中作宾语，引导词用who/whom
⑺This is the factory ________ my father works in.
This is the factory in ________ my father works.
This is the factory ________ my father works.
先行词表示地点时，引导词用where,在句中作状语，where不能作主语。
（8）先行词是the reason时，关系副词用why,也可省略。
　That is the reason (why) I did it.
Do you know the reason(why)she has changed her mind?

（9）先行词是一个表示时间的词如：time, hour, day, month, year时，其所对应的关系词如在定语从句中作时间状语，则用关系副词when。 (即先行词是时间时，关系副词用when)
I still remember the day _ __ I first met Mary.
A. that B. which C. when
I 选择题
1.The silk _______ is made in Hangzhou sells well. A. that B. who C. what D. /
2.The man _______today left this message for you.
A. called B. has called C. whom called D. who called
3.Do you live near the building ______color is yellow? A. that B. which C. whose D. its
4.He helped his father on the farm ______they lived. A. which B. that C. when D. where
5.I’m one of the boys _____never late for school.A. that is B. who is C. who are D. who am
6.All_____should be done has been done.A. what B. which C. that D. whatever
7.Jack told me everything _______he knew about it.A. what B. that C. which D. who
8.My father works in the factory ______this type of truck is made.
A. in where B. in which C. from which D. of which
9.The school _______we visited last week was built in 1956. A./ B. where C. that D. both A and C
10.This is one of the best films ____I have ever seen. A. which B. that C. of which D. of that
11.In fact the Swede did not understand the three questions _______were asked in French.
A. where B. who C. in which D. which
12.He paid the boy $10 for washing ten windows, most of ______ hadn’t been cleaned for at least a year.
A. these B. those C. that D. which
13.His parents wouldn’t let him marry anyone ________family was poor.
A. of whom B. whom C. of whose D. whose
14.All_______is needed is a supply of oil.A. the thing B. that C. what D. which
15.In the dark street ,there wasn’t a single person _____she could turn for help.
A .that B. who C. from whom D. to whom
16.She heard a terrible noise, ______brought her heart into her mouth. A. it B. which C. this D. that
II 用适当的关系词填空：
1) I’ll never forget the day on ________ they met for the very first time last summer.
2) This is the place _________ he so often mentioned to me.
3) The only thing ________ interested him was that he could do anything _________
he wanted to.
4) “What a scientist! What wonderful invention!” he talked excitedly about Bill Gates and his Microsoft Company _________ is now a focus (焦点) of newspapers and television.
5) He is old, ________ fact is important in this case.
6) Finally, the thief handed everything __________ he had stolen.
7) We talked about the things and persons ______ we saw then.
8) With _________ were you talking?
9) This is the very present __________ my mother gave me.
10) They are talking about the people and things ________ they are on their way home.
11) Which is the bike __________ is made in Shanghai?
12) I think this is the most beautiful dress ______ I own.
13) Those _______ want to buy the house may sign their names first.
14) My sister, __________ you met in Guangzhou, has bought a new car.
15) That’s the way _______ they work.

III 把下列各题的两句话合并成一个带定语从句的复合句。

1)The students will not be able to pass the English exam. They don’t work hard enough.

2)The teacher is my physics teacher . You saw him on the playground just now.

3) The woman is an English teacher. She is standing at the school gate.

4) This is the girl. Her sister is a famous singer.

5) The book is good. I am reading.

IV 完成下列句子。
1) Here is the knife _________________________________________（你昨天丢失的）。
2) This is the best novel _____________________________________（我读过的）。
3) I have lost the dictionary ____________________________________（我姐姐给我买的）。
4) Rice is a plant ________________________________________（中国南方种植的）。
5) The woman ___________上周六给他们做报告的）is a famous scientist.
Ⅴ 改正下列句子中的错误：
1. Mr. Brown is talking to the students who comes from Canada.
2. The factory which we are going to work is far from here.
3. This is the room in that we lived last year.
4. They talked of things and people who they remembered in the hospital.
5. All which Iraq people want is peace.
6. Anyone that breaks the rule will be punished.
7. This is the child who father died of SARS.
8. I have lost my pen, that I like very much.
9. I went to the library but I didn’t find the book that I needed it.
10. This is the person whom you are looking.
定语从句专项巩固练习
用适当的关系词填空：
1.I still remember the night _______I first came to the house.
2. I'll never forget the day________   we met each other last week.
3. Mr Black is going to Beijing in October, _______is the best season there.
4. I will never forget the days ___I spent with your family.
5. I'll never forget the last day______ we spent together.
6. This is the school ______I used to study.　
7. Do you still remember the place______ we visited last week?
8. Do you still remember the place_______ we visited the painting exhibition?
9. Have you ever been to Hangzhou, _____is famous for the West Lake?
10. Have you ever bee to Hangzhou, ______lies the West Lake?
11. Tom will go to Shanghai,______live his two brothers.
12. I live in Beijing,____is the capital of China.
13. There was a time ______there were slaves in the USA.
14. It is the third time ______you have made the same mistake.
15. It was in the street _____I met John yesterday.
16. It was about 600 years ago____the first clock with a face and an hour hand was made.
17. The moment _____I saw you, I recognized(认出)you.
18. This is the very novel about____we've talked so much.
19. This is the way____he did it.
20. Who is the student _____was late for school today?
21. Who _____knows him wants to make friends with him?
22. What else was there in my brother____you didn't like?
23. He lives in the room____window faces to the south.
24. He lives in the room, the window__faces to the south.
25. This is Mr. John for____son I brought a book yesterday.
26. This is Mr. John for_____I bought a book yesterday.
27. This is the hour_____the place is always full of women and children.
28. And there is one point ______I'd like your advice.
29. Winter is the time of year______the days are short and nights are long.
30. I hope you will find this valley a beautiful place____you may spend your weekend.
将下列句子合并成定语从句。
1,I like the photo.I took it last summer.____________________________________________________________
2,He wants to visit a place.It's not very hot there._____________________________________________________
3,Tom is a boy.He works the hardest in our class._____________________________________________________
4,The woman is my teacher.She is talking with my mother._______________________________________________
5.My father doesn't like the music.The music is too loud._____________________________________________________
6,China is a great country.There are friendly people in the country.___________________________________________
7,My siser has a friend.His name is Jack._____________________________________________________
8,The song sounds wonderful.I like it very much._____________________________________________________
9.Lucy likes the music.She can dance to the music._____________________________________________________
10.Mary is a girl.She comes from New York._____________________________________________________
11.I like the teachers.They are friendly to me._____________________________________________________
12.Tom has a dog.Its name is Wangwang._____________________________________________________
13.The picture is on the wall.Tom gave me the picture last night.____________________________________________
14.English is a language.It is easy to learn._____________________________________________________
15.Hawaii is a good place.It has many beaches._____________________________________________________
1. A friend is someone ______ says, “What! You too? I thought I was the only one!”
A. who B which C. what D. whose
2. —Linda, can you tell me something about Mo Yan?
—Sure. He is the writer ______ won the Nobel Literature Prize. A. which B. whose C. who D. whom
3. A Wechat (微信) is an invention ______ can help people talk to friends, share photos, ideas and feeling freely.
A. which B. who C. whose D /
4. I still remember the college and the teachers ______ I visited in London years ago.
A. what B. who C. that D. which
5. Yesterday Li Ming went to the village ______ his family lived ten years ago.
A. when B. which C. where D. that
6. I like the cartoon ______ has a happy ending and makes me ______.
A. which; to laugh B. that; to laugh C. whose; laughing D. which; laugh
7. —What kind of music do you like? —I like music ______ I can dance to.
A. because B. when C. who D. that
8. —Look! That is the woman ______ I met yesterday. —Oh? She’s my aunt. A. what B. who C. where D. when
9. Most students like the teachers ______ understand them well. A. which B. who C. where D. when
10. Most of my classmates prefer loud music ______ they can dance to. A that B. who C. whose D. where
11. Being blind is something ______ most people can’t imagine. A. who B. what C. that D. whom
12. People are talking about the old houses ______ Jackie Chan bought in Anhui twenty years ago.
A. which B. where C. who D. when
13. —Do you know Mo Yan? —Of course. He is the famous writer ______ won the Nobel Prize in 2012.
A. who B. whom C. which D. what
14. A graduation ceremony is a custom ______ takes place ______ students graduate from a school.
A. which; when B. that; who C. which; whose D. that; which
15. —Do you know the man ______ is standing at the door? —Yes, I do. He’s a friend of ______.
A. when; I B. who; mine C. that; me D. which; my
16. She is the girl ______ invention got the first prize in the school competition.
A. who B. that C. which D. whose
17. I’ll remember the old buildings ______ I visited in the village. A. where B. which C. who D. what
18. The young lady ______ is interviewing Lin Zhixuan about the program I am a singer is from 21st Century Talent Net.
A. who B. whom C. which D. whose
19. The movie ______ we saw last night was fantastic. A. that B. what C. whose D. Who
20. —Do you know of Guo Mingyi?
—Yes. He is an ordinary (普通的) worker ______ helps many poor children in China. We should follow his example.
A. that B. which C. whom D. whose
21. I love the school ______ I have studied in for three years. A. where B. when C. that D. what
22. The Palace Museum is the best place ______ I’ve ever visited. A. that B. which C. where D. what
23. Teenagers like reading the books ______ are written by Guo Jingjing. A. who B. what C. Whose D. that
24. It’s bad for health to hurry to move into a house ______ has new furniture in it.
A. who B. where C. that D. when
25. The man ______ is talking to our teacher is Betty’s father. A. which B.