人教版八上Unit6知识讲解及练习.doc

Unit 6  I’m going to study computer science.
【单元话题】
1. 识别和了解一些新兴行业的英文表达方式.
2. 谈论未来自己理想的职业及为之做出的一些打算和安排.
3. 写一个文段介绍同伴理想的职业或是父母对将来的计划及为之做出的打算和安排.
4. 制定未来一段时间的决心要做的事情.
【重要句型概览】
What is your father going to do in … years?
How is he going to do that?
Where is he going to move/ work?
He/She is going to be a/ an…… He/She is going to ……
He/She is going to move/ work……
Sounds interesting.
【语法解析】
1. 现在进行时表示将来
当一个句子的意思涉及一个计划好的事件或者明确的意图时, 用现在进行时可以表示将来时间. 现在进行时的将来意义或者通过时间副词或者通过上下文来暗示出来.
现在进行时表将来时常有“意图”，“安排”（但不是固定不变的）或“打算”的含义。这种现在进行时比较生动，给人一种期待感，它常表示最近或较近的将来。所用动词多是转移动词，如：
1) Sam has already made his plans. He is leaving at noon tomorrow.
2) A: What are you going to do this afternoon?
B: After lunch I am meeting a friend of mine.
　We are going shopping.
　Would you like to come along?
2. 一般将来时和be going to 表示将来
1) 当说话人在做一个预测时, (他或她认为将来会发生或出现某种情况), will 和be going to都是可以用的.
2) 表达一种事先计划或打算时( 说话人打算在将来做某事因为在过去他或她已制定了一个计划或决定去做这件事),只能用be going to.
3) 表达意愿时, 只能用will.
能力检测
I. 用方框中所给词的适当形式填空.
move　grow up　practice　write enjoy　grade
1. ---What are you going to be when you _____?
---I’m going to be a singer. I like singing.
2. Being a journalist is a job I know I will _______.
3. I have to ______for English magazines when I’m older.
4. I’m going to ______my English in class this year.
5. Mrs. White is going to ______ from Beijing to Shanghai next month.
6. I’m going to be a teacher. I want to get good ______.
II. 根据中文意思完成下列各句.
1. 寒假期间我打算找一份临时工。
I am going to _____ ______ _______ ______ on winter vacation.
2. 我的英语学得不好, 我想参加一个英语学习班。
I don’t learn English well. I’m going to _____ _____ _____ _____.
3. 几个女孩子说, 她们准备经常锻炼身体保持健康。
Some girls said they were going to ______very often ______ ______ ______.
4. 你打算在哪儿工作? Where _____ you ______ ______ ______?
5. 听起来巴黎就是我能喜欢的城市. Paris ______ ______ a city that I could ______.
III. 阅读理解
American people like to say “Thank you” when others help them or say something kind to them. People of many countries do so, too. It is a very good habit(习惯).
You should say “Thank you” when someone passes you the salt on the table, when someone walking ahead of you keeps the door open for you, when someone says you have done your work well, or you have bought a nice thing, or your city is very beautiful. “Think you” is used not only between friends, but also between parents and children, brothers and sisters.
“Excuse me” is another short sentence they use. When you hear someone say so behind you, you know that somebody wants to walk past you without touching you. It’s not polite to break others when they are talking. If you want to speak to one of them, say “Excuse me” first, and then begin talking. You should also do so when you begin to cough or make any noise before others.
Let’s learn to say “Thank you” and “Excuse me”.
1. You should say “Thank you” when ____.
A. you say something kind to others B. you help others
C. someone helps you D. you need others to help you
2. From the passage we know “Thank you” is _____.
A. widely used in the world B. used more often than “Excuse me”
C. used only by Americans D. used only between friends
3. You should say “Excuse me” if you want to 　.
A. cough B. make some noise C. go first D. all of the above
4. When you are going to ask someone to tell you the way, you should say “_____ ”.
A. Thank you B. That’s very kind of you
C. Excuse me　 D. I’m sorry
5. This passage mainly tells us the way 　.
A. to be happy B. to be polite
C. to help others D. to learn from Americans
IV. 完形填空
Scientists have1　wanted to know more about the universe. Years ago they knew many things about the moon. They knew how big it was and how far away it was from the earth. But they wanted to know2　about it. They thought the best way3　men to the moon.
The moon is about 38,400 kilometers away from the earth. A plane cannot fly to the moon because the air4　only 240 kilometers away from the earth. But5　can fly even when there is no air. That is a rocket(火箭).
How does a rocket fly? There is gas in the rocket. When the gas6　very hot inside the rocket, it will rush out of the end of the rocket, 　7　it can make the rocket8　up into the sky.
Rockets can fly far out into space. Rockets with men in them have been to the moon. Several rockets without men in them9　to another planet much farther away than the moon. One day rockets10　be able to go to any place in space.
1. A. ever B. never C. always D. already
2. A. much B. more C. many thing D. a lot
3. A. to send B. to take C. to carry 　D. to have
4. A. is B. are C. travels D. reaches
5. A. it B. that C. something 　D. someone
6. A. become B. get C. make D. is made
7. A. so B. because C. that D. for
8. A. fly B. flying C. flies 　D. to fly
9. A. has flown B. have flown C. will fly D. fly
10. A. can B. will C. must 　D. many
V. 书面表达
北京将要承办2008奥运会，你能为奥运会做出什么样的贡献呢？想象一年以后的自己要具备什么能力，以及要达到这样的能力从目前就要开始做的准备。
Beijing is hosting the 2008 Olympic Games. What can you and your classmates do to help make the Olympics a success? Make a list with “going to”.
(1) Discussion: What kind of volunteers will Olympic Games need?
(2) Pair work: What do you want to be in 2008?
How are you going to do for that?
(3) Write you opinions and give a report:
_________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

参考答案解析
I. 1. grow up2. enjoy3. write4. practice5. move6. grades
II.1. find a part-time job
2. take an English club
3. exercise, to keep fit
4. are, going to work
5. sounds like, enjoy
III. 1. C2. A3. D4. C5. B
点拨
1. 文章的开头就说American people like to say ‘Thank you’ when others help them”，因此答案为C.
2. 文章的第一段中说, “People of many countries do so, too.”因此答案为A.
3. 根据文章的第二段，答案为D.
4. 根据文章中的句子If you want to speak to one of them, say “Excuse me” first. 答案应该为C.
5. 整个文章讲述了Thank you 和 Excuse me的用法, 是在告诉我对人要有礼貌, 因此,答案应该为B.
IV.1. C2. B3. A4. D5. C6. D7. A8. A9. B10. B
点拨：
1. 应选C。Scientists have always wanted…, 如果用ever只表示曾经，already 只表示已经，但选用了always 就表示不断地向宇宙进行探索。
2. 应选B。前句已经讲到知道月亮的大小远近，本句讲的是But they wanted to know more about it.
3. 应选A。送人到月球，用send men to the moon; take 是带人去，谁也没去过，谁又能带谁呢？carry men to, 装载人去，没有send to 意义好；have men to, 是错误的。
4. 应选D。reaches解释为达到only 240 kilometers; 用is逻辑上是不对的，air 不可能离开地球240公里的；用are语法上错误；空气并不travel。
5. 应选C。前句讲到A plane cannot fly, 但不知道是什么，直到下一句才点明是rocket, 所以应用something。
6. 应选D。gas 是不可数名词，用become、get、make 都不合语法；is made 表示气体在火箭内部燃烧得很热。
7. 应选A。因此推进火箭，应该用so, 这是结果；because表示因为，语义不对；for作为解释，也不行；that的表达结构不对。
8. 应选A。make the rocket fly up…, make 后面加动词原形。
9. 应选B。Rockets with men in them have been to the moon. Several rockets without men in them 应该是 have flown to another planet, 有人的火箭到月球，无人的当然已经更远。
10. 应选B。One day, 当然指的是将来，所以应该用will be able to。
V.
I’m going to be a senior school student in 2008. I want to be a volunteer for the Olympic Games. I think I can introduce Beijing to foreign athletes. So I am going to study harder from now on. I’m going to speak English and write in English as much as possible. And I’m going to learn more about the differences between Chinese and Western culture so that I can treat foreigners more politely…