初中英语-基本词汇语法解析-以字母d开头的单词.doc

以字母d开头的单词
D
dad (daddy) [dæd]n. [C] 爸爸；
How do you feel, Dad? 你感觉怎么样，爸爸？
daily ['deɪlɪ] adj. 每日的；‖adv. 天天，日常地，每日‖ n. 日报
Their daily work is to reclaim rubber from old tyres. 他们的日常工作是用旧轮胎再生橡胶。
Guangming Daily 光明日报
The nurse attended the patient daily. 护士每天照看着这病人。
【常用搭配】
daily life日常生活‖daily necessities日用品；生活必需品‖ China daily中国日报‖People's daily人民日报‖daily use日常使用；日用品‖Daily mail每日邮报（英国伦敦的报刊）‖daily express每日快报
dance [dɑːns]v. 跳舞；雀跃‖ n.舞蹈，舞会
Will you dance with me? 你愿意和我跳舞吗? [dance with与…跳舞]
At the school dance he sat and talked to her all evening.在学校的舞会上，他整晚坐着和她聊天。
短语：1.dance music舞曲
dancer ['dɑːnsə] n. [C] 舞蹈家，舞蹈演员
He was the best dancer in China.他曾是中国舞跳得最好的人。
danger ['deɪn(d)ʒə] n. [C, U] 危险物；危险；
He warned me of the danger. 他警告我注意危险。
The building is in danger of collapse.这楼房要塌了。[in danger 在……危险之中]
After the treatment, he is now out of danger.经过治疗,他已经脱离危险了[out of danger 脱离危险]
dangerous['deɪn(d)ʒ(ə)rəs] adj.危险的;引起危险的
This work can be very dangerous.这项工作是非常危险的。
I kept my friend back from the dangerous animal.我不让我的朋友靠近那个危险的动物。
dare [deə] v. 敢，不惧；‖aux. 竟敢
I wonder if he dare stand up to his boss.我不知道他是否敢于反抗他的老板。
Dare she risk staying where she was? 她敢冒险呆在原地不动吗？
dark [dɑːk] adj. 暗的；黑暗的；‖n.黑暗，黄昏
They'll be back well before dark.他们会在天黑以前回来。[before / after dark 天黑之前/之后]
The room was dark and I bumped (my head) against [on] the door.屋子里很黑，我（的头）碰到了门上。
We lost the way in the dark.我们在黑暗中迷路。[in the dark在黑暗中]
date [deɪt] n. [C]日期；年份；‖v.始于…年代，确定…年代
What's the date today? 今天是几号？
The Great Wall dates back to Qin Dynasty. 长城的历史可以追溯到秦朝。[date from/back to 追溯到（某一时间）]
【常用搭配】
up to date最新的；最近的；现代的‖out of date过时的；过期的‖date of birth出生日期‖date from追溯到；始于‖date back追溯到；回溯至
daughter ['dɔːtə] n. [C] 女儿；女性后裔
Is this your daughter? 这是你的女儿吗?
【知识拓展】
granddaughter孙女
day [deɪ] n. [C]白昼；日光;
He works every day except Sunday.除星期天外， 他每天都工作。
Spring is coming and the weather gets warmer day by day.春天来了，天气一天天边暖了。[day by day 一天天地，逐日]
You will regret one day if you don’t work hard.如果不努力的话，总有一天你回后悔的。 [one day (过去或将来的)某一天]
He can’t be abroad, I met him on the street the other day. 他不可能出国了，我不久前在街上还碰到过他。[the other day 在不久前，某天]
【常用搭配】
the day before yesterday 前天‖the day after tomorrow 后天‖these days 如今‖day off 休息日‖every day每天；‖one day（将来）有一天；总有一天；（过去）某一天‖all day整天‖by day在白天；‖day by day一天天；逐日‖next day第二天‖some day总有一天；将来有一天；‖other day几天前‖in the day在白天；在一天中‖national day国庆节‖day and night日以继夜‖last day最后一天；‖ the day before前一天
daytime ['deɪtaɪm] n. [C] 白天，日间
In the daytime he stayed up in his room, sleeping, or listening to music.白天，他呆在自己的屋子里睡觉或者听音乐。[in the daytime在白天，在白昼]
dead [ded] adj. 死亡的；麻木的；呆板的
She mourned for her dead child.她哀悼她那死去的孩子。
His dog is dead.他的小狗死了。[be dead 死了]
deaf [def] adj. 聋的；
He is deaf of [in] one ear.他聋了一只耳朵。
The dead need to wear dead-aid.聋子需要佩戴助听器。[deaf-aid助听器]
deal [diːl] v. 处理；交往；对待；
I'll deal with the children later.孩子们的事由我以后去处理。
How will you deal with problem? 你将如何处理那个问题？[deal with 对付，处理]
I have a great deal work to do. 我有大量的工作要做。[a great deal of 大量]
dear [dɪə]adj.亲爱的；十分敬重的；昂贵的
Mr. Jack is a dear friend of mine.杰克先生是我亲爱的朋友。
Never buy what you do not want because it is cheap; it will be dear to you.不要买虽然便宜但你并不需要的东西；因为它对你而言是非常昂贵的。
death[deθ]n. 死亡；死；死神
War brings death and famine.战争带来死亡和饥荒。

Her death affected me deeply.她的死使我深为悲恸。
December [dɪ'sembə]n.十二月
decide [dɪ'saɪd]v.决定；下决心
She should decide what to do with the money.她该决定怎样用这笔钱。
You decide on an experiment.你决定做一个测试。[decide on 决定]
How did you decide to do that? 你是如何决定那么做的呢？[decide to do决定做某事]
【知识拓展】
同义词：make up one's mind /determine
decision [dɪ'sɪʒ(ə)n]n. [C] 决定；判决
All of us regret for the decision.我们都对那个决定感到后悔。
Let me think about these matters for a time before I make a decision.让我仔细考虑一下这些事情，然后再做出决定。[make a decision 作出决定]
deep [diːp] adj. 深的；有……深的‖adv.深入地，深深地
What a deep river! 好深的一条河!
The ship draws deep.这条船吃水深。
degree [dɪ'griː]n. [C, U] 程度；等级；度数；学位
It's over 80 degrees outside.外面超过80度。
This degree will qualify you for teaching.这个学位将使你有资格当教师。
delete [dɪ'liːt] v. 删除
Shall we delete it? 我们应该删除它吗？
delicious [dɪ'lɪʃəs]adj.美味的；
I like it because it's delicious.我喜欢它，因为它是美味的。
dentist ['dentɪst] n. [C] 牙科医生；牙科诊所 ；
There is something wrong with my son’s teeth. He needs to see the dentist. 我儿子的牙齿有点毛病，他得去看牙医。
depend [dɪ'pend]v. 取决于；依赖 ；相信
He depended on his writing for his income.他靠写作谋生。
You can depend on me.你可以信任我。[depend on 取决于；依赖，依靠]
describe [dɪ'skraɪb]v. 描述；断言
How do you describe your books? 你如何描述你的那些书？
Let me describe him for you. 让我给你形容一下他。
You can't describe the beauty of that place with any words. 你无法用言语描述那个地方的美！
desert['dezət] n. 沙漠
This plan is to change the desert into farmland.这个计划是要将沙漠变为农田。
desk [desk]n. [C] 书桌；办公桌
He took a dictionary from the desk.他从书桌上拿了一本词典。
Put it on my desk.把它放在我的桌子上吧。
The class-room is quiet. All the class are at desk.教室里静静的，全部同学们都在学习。[at desk在学习，在读书或做作业]
I sit at the desk as usual. 跟平常一样，我坐在书桌旁。[sit at the desk坐在书桌旁]
dessert[dɪ'zɜːt] n. [C] (饭后) 甜点，甜食
Then we ate dessert and went to her apartment.然后我们吃起甜食，去了她家。
develop [dɪ'veləp]v. 使发展；培育；生长；发育；
In this way, we can develop ourselves in different aspects.这样我们就可以在不同的方面发展自己。developing[dɪ'veləpɪŋ]adj.发展中的
China is a socialist country, and a developing country as well.中国是一个社会主义国家，也是一个发展 中国家。
developed[dɪ'veləpt]发达的
Not all production will come from developed countries.并非所有产品都将来自发达国家。
development [dɪ'veləpm(ə)nt] n. [C] 开发；发展；
The development of the medicine industry will take several years.
医药工业的发展要经过几年的时间。
dialogue ['daɪəlɒg]n. [C] 对话；对白
Can you act out the dialogue in pairs? 你们能两人一组表演这个对话吗?
diary ['daɪərɪ]n. [C]日记；日记薄
Before we met, you showed me your diary在我们相遇之前，你给我看了你的日记。
I keep a diary everyday.我每天都坚持记日记。[keep a diary记日记]
dictionary ['dɪkʃ(ə)n(ə)rɪ] n. [C] 字典；辞书
She bought an English dictionary for me.她给我买了一本英语词典。
May I borrow your dictionary? 我可以借你的字典吗?
If you meet new words, you can look it up in a dictionary .当你遇到新单词的时候，你可以在词典里查一下。[look up …in the dictionary 在字典里查阅]
die [daɪ]v. 枯死；死于；
What happens when we die? 我们死亡时发生了什么？
To die for the people is quite glorious.为人民而死是十分光荣的。[die for渴望，为了…而死]
I don't want the panda to die out.我不希望熊猫灭绝。[die out灭绝，消失]
They'll die down there in the grass.它们会在草丛中逐渐消失。[die down逐渐消失]
【易错警示】die of/die from
die of
若死因存在于人体之上或之内（主要指疾病、衰老等自身的原因)，一般用介词 of。如：die of illness (heart trouble, cancer, a fever, etc) 死于疾病 (心脏病，癌症，发烧等)
die from
若死因不是存在人体之内或之上，而是由环境造成的(主要指事故等方面的外部原因)，一般用介词 from 。 如： die from an earthquake (a traffic accident, a lightning, a stroke, etc) 死于地震(交通事故，雷击等)
difference ['dɪf(ə)r(ə)ns]n. [C, U] 差异；不同程度
Is there any difference? 是否有任何的不同？
Make a difference between these sounds.把这些音素区别开来。[make a difference between区别对待]
different ['dɪf(ə)r(ə)nt]adj.不同的；不一致的
I want to do something different.我希望做些不同的事情。
Now it is different from the past.现在和过去不同了。[different from与…不同，区别于]
differently adv. 不同地，差异
How could you have finished it differently? 你能以不同的方式完成它么？
difficult ['dɪfɪk(ə)lt]adj. 困难的；复杂的；艰难的；
I must think out this difficult question.我必须好好想一想这个难题。
【易错警示】difficult/hard
diffficult
diffficult侧重于智力上的难题，The problem is difficult for me to work out. 我很难解出这道难题。
hard
hard 侧重体力上的难题。It is hard for me to climb up the hill alone.独自一人爬上那座山对我来说太难了.
difficulty ['dɪfɪk(ə)ltɪ] n. [C] 困难；障碍；
We can overcome any difficulty.我们能战胜任何困难。
We have difficulty (in) passing the exam. 要通过这次考试，我们有困难。[have difficulty (in) doing sth. 在…有困难]
dig [dɪg] (dug, dug) v.挖；掘；翻
In those days we often went to dig for wild vegetables.那时候我们常常出去挖野菜。
It is impossible for you so few people to dig out such high mountains.你们这么少的人要挖掉这样两座大山是不可能的。[dig out发现，掘出]
dining hall 餐厅
At noon we'll eat at the school dining hall.中午我们可以在学校的餐厅里就餐。
dinner ['dɪnə]n. 正餐；宴会
She invited us to her house for dinner.她请我们到她家吃晚饭。
The whole family are at dinner.整个家庭成员都在吃饭。[at dinner在吃饭]
【常用搭配】
after dinner餐后；晚餐后‖have dinner吃晚饭‖dinner party 宴会‖at dinner用餐；吃晚餐；正在用餐，正在吃饭；‖eat dinner吃晚饭，吃晚餐；‖family dinner家宴；家里聚会吃饭；‖have a dinner进餐，吃饭；‖cook dinner做饭；做晚饭；‖make dinner做晚餐；‖stay for dinner留下来吃饭；
direct[daɪˈrekt] adj. 笔直的；最近的；‖v.指引；导演；指挥
I directed the traveler to the college.我告诉了这个旅行者去学院的路。
Who directed the film “Gone with wind?” 电影《飘》是谁导演的？
direction[dəˈrekʃn]n. [C] 指挥；管理；用法说明
Go in this direction.照这个方向走。
He smiles and goes off in the direction of someboats. 他只是笑了笑，然后朝船的方向走去。[in the direction of朝…方向，在…方向]
City people usually give directions very quickly.城市人通常在指引方向时话说得很快。[give directions发出指示，给出指示]
We take your bags and send them in all directions.我们将拿走您的行李，送往四面八方。[in all directions四面八方，全面地，向各方向]
director[dɪ'rektə; daɪ-] n. [C] 主任；主管；导演
The director expresses his sorrow in his film.导演在影片中表达出他的悲哀。
dirty['dɜːtɪ]adj. 肮脏的
Throw your dirty clothes in the washing machine.把你的脏衣服扔进洗衣机。
【知识拓展】
反义词：clean
disabled [dɪs'eɪbld] adj. 丧失能力的，有残疾的
She believes that people are not born disabled.她相信，人不是生来就是残疾的。
disagree [dɪsə'griː] v. 不同意，持不同意见，有分歧
I have to disagree with you on this.在这件事情上我不同意你的看法.[disagree with sb.不同意某人]
I disagree about major points.我不同意有关的要点。[disagree about在..方面意见不统一，对…意见不一]
We disagree on how best to achieve these goals.我们在如何最好地实现这些目标上有不同意见。[disagree on对…持有不同看法]
【知识拓展】
反义词：agree
disappear[dɪsə'pɪə] v. 消失，不见
But why did they disappear? 但他们为什么消失呢？
The rain is coming in now, and it will soon disappear from sight.就要下雨了，它会很快从我的视线中消失了。[disappear from从…处消失]
【知识拓展】
反义词：appear
disbelief[dɪsbɪ'liːf] n. [C] 不信，怀疑
She looked at him in disbelief.她怀疑地看着他。[in disbelief怀疑地，难以置信地]
【知识拓展】
同义词：doubt
discover[dɪ'skʌvə]v. 找到；发现
How did he discover this? 他如何发现这个呢？
discovery[dɪ'skʌv(ə)rɪ] n. [C] 发现；发觉
We made an important discovery.我们有了一个重大发现。[make a discovery做出新发现]
discuss[dɪ'skʌs] v. 讨论；议论
What shall we discuss next? 我们接下来讨论什么呢？
The teacher often discusses questions with his students in class.这位老师经常在课堂上与学生讨论问题。[discuss sth with sb 和某人讨论某事]
discussion[dɪ'skʌʃ(ə)n] n. 谈论；议论
Many questions are under discussion.许多问题正在讨论。[under discussion正在讨论中]
Then we wouldn't need to move our desks before we have a discussion in class. 那样课堂上在我们举行讨论前不必摆桌子。[have a discussion进行讨论，讨论一下]
disease [dɪ'ziːz]n. 疾病；弊病
The best way is to prevent disease.预防疾病才是上策。
The poor man has a serious disease of the liver. 那个可怜的人患有严重的肝病。[a serious disease 严重的疾病]
dish [dɪʃ] n. [C] 蝶；盘；食品
I hate doing the dishes.我讨厌洗碗。[do the dishes刷盘子]
This dish tastes good. 这盘菜的滋味不错。
dislike[dɪs'laɪk] v. 不喜欢，厌恶
I forget that you dislike smoking. 我忘记你不喜欢抽烟了。
Do you dislike her 你不喜欢她吗？
disturb[dɪ'stɜːb]v. 搅乱；中断；使烦恼
Please do not disturb us when we are working.工作的时候请不要打扰我们。
divide[dɪ'vaɪd] v. 分开；分配；
You can divide this between you.这个你们可以两人平分。
The country is divided into 50 states.这个国家在行政上划分成50个州。[Divide…into… 把…和…分开]
Divide ten by two, and you get five.10除以2得5。[divide by除以，用…除]
do[duː] (did, done) v做；干；‖ aux. 助动词（构成疑问句和否定句）；（代替动词）；
（用于加强语气）
He did a very good job in the exams. 他的考试成绩考得很好。[do a good job 干得不错]
If you want to pass the exam, you must do your best from now on.
要想通过考试，从此你必须尽自己最大努力。[do one’s best 尽自己最大努力]
He did badly in English, but he does well in it now.
他过去英语不好，现在英语学得好。[do well in 在……方面干得好]
What will you do with it？你会怎么处置它呢？[do with 处置，对付]
【常用搭配】
do right做得对；‖do wrong作恶；‖do homework做家庭作业‖；do the dishes刷盘子；‖do a good job做好事；‖do some shopping买点东西‖have to do with与…有关
doctor ['dɒktə]n. [C] 大夫；医生；博士
He is a doctor of philosophy.他是一位哲学博士。
You have a bad headache.You had better see a doctor at once.你得了重感冒短语。最好立即去看医生。[see a doctor 看医生，看病]
documentary[dɒkjʊ'ment(ə)rɪ] n. [C]纪录片
I am watching a TV documentary on homelessness.我正在看一部关于无家可归现象的电视记录片。
dog [dɒg]n. [C] 犬；狗；雄兽
He likes dogs very much.他很喜欢狗。
Every dog has his day人人皆有得意日
doll[dɒl]n. [C] 玩具娃娃；玩偶；傻妞；
I like that lovely doll.我喜欢那只可爱的娃娃。
dollar ['dɒlə]n. [C]美元
The begger got ten dollars.这个乞丐要到了10美元。
door [dɔː] n. [C] 门；家
He walked up to the door.他向门那儿走去。
They sold books door to door.他们挨门卖书。[door to door挨家挨户，门挨门]
Sometimes we eat out of doors.有时我们在户外进餐。[out of doors 在户外]
【常用搭配】
at the door在门边；‖open the door开门；‖next door隔壁邻居；隔壁‖door to door挨家挨户；门到门‖；front door 前门；‖back door后门；非法途径‖close the door关门；‖open door门户开放；进入权；‖shut the door关门；‖from door to door挨家挨户地；自始至终地；‖ knock on the door敲门
double ['dʌb(ə)l] adj. 两倍的；成对的；‖ n.两倍
The output is double that of last year.产量比去年增加一倍。
doubt [daʊt] n.怀疑，疑问；‖v. 怀疑，不信，恐怕
I doubt I'm wrong.恐怕我错了。
Try and do it now if you have any doubt.尝试这样做，现在如果您有任何疑问。
No doubt I learned a lot from him.无疑地，我从他身上学到了很多。[no doubt无疑地]
【常用搭配】
no doubt 无疑地；很可能地；‖in doubt可怀疑的；不能肯定的；‖without doubt无疑地；确实地；‖doubt about 怀疑；‖have doubts about怀疑‖；without a doubt无疑地；‖
down [daʊn] adv.向下，下去，在下面‖prep.向下；朝下，沿着
We're going down a mountain.我们向山下走去。
She went down to the kitchen again.她又下到厨房去了。
Danny put down his glass.丹尼放下他的玻璃杯。
go down下降；‖ups and downs沉浮；盛衰；‖ down load下载
downstairs[daʊn'steəz]adv. 顺楼梯而下，在楼下
Go down and see what they are doing downstairs.下去看看他们在楼下干什么。
I will meet you downstairs. 我一会儿在楼下见你。
Now let's go downstairs and have a cup of tea.咱们下楼去喝杯茶吧。[go downstairs下楼]
Last week，the boy fell downstairs.上周那个男孩从楼梯上摔下了。[fall downstairs从楼梯上摔下来]
【知识拓展】
反义词：upstairs
dozen ['dʌz(ə)n] n. [C] 十二个；一打
One boy is more trouble than a dozen girls.一个男孩比十二个女孩增添的麻烦还多。
There are dozens of students in the park.公园里有许多学生。[dozens of许多，几十]
dragon ['dræg(ə)n] n. 龙
Dragon Boat Festival 端午节；‖dragon boat龙船，龙舟
drama['drɑːmə] n. [C, U] 戏剧
He knew nothing of drama他对戏剧一无所知。
draw[drɔː]v.拖；拔出；拉开；画
He drew his chair nearer the fire.他把椅子轻轻拉近火边。
You can use it to draw anything.你可以使用它来画任何东西。
draw lessons from从…吸取教训；‖draw up草拟，起草；‖ draw a conclusion得出结论；作结论；‖draw out取出；‖draw in引诱；‖draw the conclusion得出结论；推断；‖draw attention引起注意；‖draw from从…中得到；从…提取；‖ draw a picture画一张图；画幅画；‖ draw a line画一条线，划一界线；
drawer [drɔː]n. [C]抽屉
I put it in the drawer.我把它放在抽屉里了。
drawing ['drɔː(r)ɪŋ]n. [C] 制图；素描画
She did a drawing of me.她为我画了张素描。
dream [driːm] v. 梦想，做梦，梦见‖n. 梦；理想
She dreamed about her baby.她梦见了她的小宝贝。
The homeless child often dreamt about(或 of) home.那个无家可归的孩子经常梦见家。[dream of,梦想，梦见]
Don’t have a day dream ! 不要做白日梦了！[have a day dream 做白日梦]
dress [dres] n. 女装，连衣裙；‖ v.给……穿衣；打扮；
She was wearing a black dress.她穿着一套黑色连衣裙。
How should you dress? 你将怎样着装？
【常用搭配】
dress oneself打扮；给自己穿衣服‖；dress up打扮，装饰；‖dress in（使）穿…的服装；乔装打扮；‖ dress for为…而打扮；‖evening dress夜礼服；‖dress up as装扮成，打扮成
【易错警示】dress / wear/ put on
dress
dress 后面接人作宾语，意思是“给……穿衣服”。 My son is old enough to dress himself.
我的儿子长大了，能自己穿衣服了。
wear
wear 后面接衣服名词，指状态，意思 是“穿着……”。
take
put on 侧重于动作，后面接衣服名词，意思 是“把……穿上”。 It’s cold outside. Better put on more clothes. 最好多穿点衣服。
Drink[drɪŋk] v. 饮；喝；喝酒；干杯‖ n. [C] 酒，饮料
She never drinks alone.她从不一个人喝酒。
Do you want to drink tea or coffee? 你想喝茶还是咖啡?
But how can you get the drink? 可是你怎么能买到饮料呢？
【常用搭配】
drink in吸收；‖drink water喝水，饮水；‖something to drink 喝的东西；一些喝的东西；‖drink tea喝茶；‖drink coffee喝咖啡；‖soft drink软饮料；不含酒精的饮料‖；have a drink喝一杯（酒，饮料等）；饮酒；‖drink milk喝牛奶；‖cold drink清凉饮料，冷饮；‖strong drink烈性饮料，高酒精