中考英语系列导练(一)词形转换.doc

最新中考英语系列导练（一）
词 形 转 换
词汇是中考英语试题中的重头戏。中考中任何一种题型都离不开对词汇的考查。复习时，首先应将这些词汇分词性进行归纳，找出它们的共同性和特殊性，这样才能在考试中做到心中有数，有的放矢。
词语转换题是从词形和词义两个方面来考查学生对所学英语词汇的记忆、认知、掌握及综合运用能力。考查内容既有比较简单的词形转换，更有对知识的综合运用方面的考查。词形转换题通常分为词形变化和词类变化。具体来说：
1、对于括号内所给的单词的词类不变，根据句意仅在词形上作适当的变化。如：名词由单数形式变为复数形式、人称代词由主格变为宾格、物主代词或反身代词、基数词变为序数词、动词原形与不定式、动名词、过去式或过去分词等。
2、根据句意，对括号内所给单词作词类转换，如名词变为动词、形容词；形容词变为副词、动词、名词等，把转换后的单词的正确形式填入空白处。

考查词形转换多见于用所给的单词的适当形式填空等题型。通常考查我们在初中阶段所学的各种词性、词形的相互转换。在做此类题目时，可以从以下几方面入手：
1、通读全句，弄清句意，弄清所给单词的词义、词性；
2、根据句意确定词性，把单词做适当的变换。即根据句子的意思和相关的词类、句法知识、语法知识，首先确定空白处单词的词性，再把所给单词变成相应的形式。
3、根据句意，验证单词的正确性。一方面要了解各词类的变化形式；另一方面语感在解题中也很有帮助。
4、形义结合，灵活运用。

【考例剖析】
用所给单词的正确形式填空。
1.（2011年·临沂市）March 8 is _______ (woman) Day.
【剖析】所给的单词是名词，根据语境可以知道这里应该用名词复数形式的所有格，而woman的复数形式是一个特殊形式，即 women, 但其不是以“s”结尾的复数形式， 因此，women仍然按正常的名词变为所有格。
【答案】women’s
2.（2010年·合肥市） Your father is sleeping, don’t speak _________ （loud)．
【剖析】根据语境，此处应该用副词来修饰动词speak, loud是形容词，其副词形式为loudly.
【答案】loudly
3.（2011年·万县市）Help ________ (you) to some fish, children.
【剖析】所给的词是人称代词，通读句子，知道此处应该用名词性物主代词的反身代词。再根据语句，应用其复数形式。即yourselves.
【答案】yourselves
4.（2009年·北京市）I had a bad cold. The doctor asked me __________（stay）in bed.

【剖析】在英语中，ask后面如果接动词，应接动词不定式，即ask somebody to do something.
【答案】to stay
5.（2010年·德州市）Li Ming runs ________ (fast) than Tom.
【剖析】该题重点考查学生对于形容词、副词比较等级的用法，根据句意，此处应为 fast的比较级。
【答案】faster
6.（2011年·南京市）You had better finish ________ (read) the novel today
【剖析】动词finish后接非谓语动词时，要用动名词形式。即finish doing sth.形式。表示“完
成了做某事”。
【答案】reading

【实地演练】
I. 用所给单词的正确形式填空
1. December is the ___________ (twelve) month of a year..
2. My book is different from___________(she). Mine is newer.
3. Can they cook meals all by___________ (they)?
4. My father___________ (work)here since 2000..
5. Father’s Day is on the____________(three) Sunday of June.
6. Peter is much ___________ (tall) than Tom.
7. The students from America live on the ____________(nine) floor.
8. I received some__________(card)on September tenth..
9. Tom was ____________(happy) because he failed in the English exam yesterday.
10.When does he go___________ (surf) every day?
11.It’s a ___________ (wind) day. The wind is blowing strongly.
12.Her hair is shorter than___________ (I) .
13.He is not as ___________ (friend) to us as his sister.
14.Take three pills ___________ (two) a day after meals for a week.
15.There are ten ___________ (German) in our school.
16.I don’t think it’s always right to be busy___________ (make)money all day．
17.Why are you looking___________ (worry)?
18.I don’t like traveling by plane．I think it’s___________ (safe)to travel by train.
19.Must women be good at___________ (wash) clothes?
20.—Excuse me，where is the ___________ (lady)room.
—It’s over there.
21.I am ___________ (excite)about passing the final exams．
22.There is little time left. Please do it __________ (quick).
23.All the students are busy ___________ (have) an English test now.
24.They both lost____________ (them) in the beautiful music.
25.The lift can take us to the ____________(five)floor.
26.On Sunday morning , he always gets up early as___________ (usually).
27.Could you tell me how ___________ (get) to the factory?
28.Fish can't live____________ (with) water.
29.We have to stay at home. It is raining____________ (heavy) outside.
30.When he heard the news, he laughed___________ (happy)
31.English is the most _____ (wide) spoken language in the world
32.We must clean our hands before____________ (have) meals.
33.Mr. Wang teaches ___________ (we) Chinese.
34."Help _________ (you) to some meat," Mother said to the children.
35.You should listen to your teacher ___________ (care) in class.
36.Tom is busy ___________ (get) ready for the test.
37.How many ___________ (sheep) are there?.
38.Please make a ___________ (shop) list before you go shopping.
39.Chinese people are very ___________ (friend).
40.It is ___________ (danger) to cross the road.
Ⅱ. 单项选择
( )41.I hear that’s a _________ horse there.
A. die B.death C.dead
( )42.The man is so _________that he doesn’t make any mistakes in his work.
A. care B. careful C. carefully
( )43.—What’s the weather like today?
— It’s _________.
A. snow B. snowy C. snownny
( )44. Three ________ of the boys in my class are League members.
A. five B. fifth C. fifths
( )45. Mr Zhang teaches __________English.
A. himself B. him C. his

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参考答案
1. twelfth 2. hers 3. themselves 4. has worked 5.third 6. taller 7. ninth 8.cards 9. unhappy 10.surfing 11.windy 12. mine 13. friendly 14. twice 15. Germans 16. making 17.worried 18. safety 19. washing 20. lady’s 21. excited 22. quickly 23. having 24. themselves 25. fifth 26. usual 27.to get 28. without 29. heavily 30. happily 31. widely 32. having 33. us 34. yourselves 35. carefully 36. getting 37.sheep 38. shopping 39. friendly 40. dangerous 41-45 CBBCA