达人帮写作语料库表弟写作词汇.docx

达人帮雅思写作语料库
(以topic为中心，结合母题解题思路，总结整理地道的表达方式）
Language for IELTS Writing
Education
教育的对象/阶段：
children: primary education/elementary education
students: (generaleducation) school
adolescents / juveniles / youngsters / youthsn. 青少年
adolescent adj. 青春期的adolescent worries青春期的烦恼
high school graduates young adults
higher education: university students/graduates

thepurposes/aims of education教育的目的核心
the approach/method/fashion ofeducation 教育的方式
parenting / upbringing n. 家庭教育
A good parentshould help children (to) know what is important inlife, what role they will play in their world, and how they are expected tobehave .
schooling n. 学校教
Teachers shouldhelp children (to) learn how to cooperate with othersand how to contribute to the life of their community.

aptitude (for) / talent (for) n. 天资，禀赋
cultivate / foster / nurture v. 培养 (nature先天 vs. nurture后天)
specialist n. 专才
generalist n. 通才
all-rounded / well-rounded / versatileadj. 全面的
awareness / sense / recognition n. 意识

the development of students' personality and values 学生个性和价值观的发展
mold (or mould英式拼写) one’s character塑造某人的性格
mold (or mould英式拼写) someone into something 把某人塑造成…..
a (or the) the sense of responsibility(or duty / obligation) 责任感
teaching students how to judge right and wrong and how to behave well（素质教育的具体内容）
instill high moral values in (or into)someone 给某人灌输高尚的道德观
values and attitudes prevalent amongsomeone 在某些人中普遍存在的价值观、态度
help foster in the young the morallysound values and outlook on the world and life 帮助年轻人树立正确的价值观、世界观和人生观
behave v.
behavior n. 行为举止
physical and psychological soundness(or well-being / welfare) 身体和心理的健康
promote the student’s physical, psychological (ormental), intellectual and emotional development 促进学生身体、心理、智力和情感的发展

a valuable member of society
make contributions to social progress 对社会进步做贡献
contribute to societal well-being (orwelfare) 为社会健康发展做贡献
the well-being of a society
achieve life value 实现人生价值

pedagogy n. / pedagogical (orteaching) methodology教学法 teaching method
educational adj. 教育的，有教育意义的
inspiring adj. 激励的，启发心灵的，鼓舞人心的
impart knowledge (to someone) /inculcate knowledge (in / into / upon someone) 传授知识
obtain (or acquire) knowledge andskills 获得知识和技能
students’ command (or grasp) ofsomething 学生对……的掌握
a good command of English 良好的英语语言能力
A good command of English gives people an edge/advantage in the job market.
give someone an edge/advantage in 给某人某方面的优势
motivated adj. 积极的，有动力的
give students motivation to dosomething / motivate the students to do something
给学生动力做某事
initiative n. 主动性
Students should have the initiative todo something.
Someone should be encouraged/discouraged to dosomething.

reasoning ability 推理能力
analyzing skills and problem-solvingability 分析和解决问题的能力
research skills 研究技能
creative / original adj. 有创造力的
creativity / originality n. 创造力
creative thinking 创新思维
critical thinking 批判性思维
encourage students to think critically 鼓励学生用辩证的眼光看问题
think independently 独立思考
communication and social skills 沟通、社交能力
team spirit 团队精神

Language
a lingua franca / a universal language/ a global language 国际通用语
common means of communication 常见的沟通方式
the proliferation of ……的大量扩散 (e.g. theproliferation of English 英语的广泛使用)
the widespread of ……的广泛使用
the dominant role (or the ascendancy /the hegemony) of ……的统治地位
dialect / vernacular / the indigenouslanguage n. 方言
minority languages / lesser-known languages小语种，少数民族的语言
extinct adj. 灭绝的，绝种的
obsolete adj. 废弃的，淘汰的，过时的
the extinction / demise of ……的消亡，灭绝
preserve and revive languages under threat 保护并恢复受到威胁的语言的使用
contribute to the richness and variety of human culture 促进人类文化的丰富性和多样性
cultural richness 文化底蕴
Language helps communities to remain cohesive and to have astrong sense of identity. 语言有助于保持集体的凝聚力和强烈的认同感。
Retaining the language of a community often means that other formsof culture are maintained. 保留一个社会的语言往往意味着其他形式的文化得以保存。

Culture & Globalization (or globalisation 英式拼写)
cultural heritage 文化遗产 (注：复数形式为cultural heritages)
heritage n. 遗产，传统，继承物
tangible cultural heritage(s) 物质文化遗产 (e.g.historic sites 历史遗迹)
tangible adj. 有形的
intangible cultural heritage(s) 非物质文化遗产 (e.g. customs 风俗；traditions传统；rites 习俗, 仪式；rituals 典礼，宗教仪式；mores风俗，民德)
intangible adj. 无形的
time-honored (or time-honoured 英式拼写) adj. 历史悠久的
protect v. 保护
protection n. 保护
preserve v. 保存，维护，保护
preservation n. 保存，维护，保护

forefather(s) / ancestor(s) n. 祖先
descendant(s) / posterity n. 后代 (注：posterity 是不可数名词)
ethnic groups (or races) 民族
the harmony between ethnic groups (orraces) 民族团结
ethnic minorities 少数民族
cultural identity文化特性，文化认同
erode v. 侵蚀 (e.g. erode national / regionalcultural identity 侵蚀某一国家的/地区的文化特性)

the process of globalization (or globalisation英式拼写) 全球化进程
an inevitable and irreversible trend 一个必然的、不可逆转的趋势
an inexorable trend 一个势不可挡的趋势
a sweeping trend 席卷一切的趋势
the global village 地球村
Cultural globalization refers to the transmission of ideas, meaningsand values across national borders. 文化全球化是指跨越国界的思想、内涵以及价值上的传承。
This process is marked by the common consumption of culturesthat have been diffused by the Internet, popular culture, and internationaltravel. 这个进程的特征是对通过互联网、流行文化以及国际旅行而传播的文化的日常消费。
Cultural globalization is not a single global culture, (and homogenization,) butthe trends of cross-cultural exchange and integration. 文化全球化不是全球文化的单一化、同质化，而是不同文化之间的交流与融合的趋势。
global cultural homogenization 全球文化同一化(指地区文化特性的消失)
homogenize v. 使类同，使统一(尤指不适宜地)
hegemonic culture 霸权文化
cultural assimilation 文化同化
assimilate v. (使)同化
harmony without uniformity 和而不同
cultural integration andsynthesis 文化融合
integration n. 一体化，整合，结合
integrate v. (使)一体化，(使)整合
integrated adj. 一体化的，结合的，整体的
synthesize v. 合成，综合
interaction n. 相互影响
interact v. 相互作用，相互影响
enrich v. 丰富
cultural diversity (or variety) 文化多元性
cultural richness 文化底蕴

People
community n. 社区，社会，团体 community service 社区服务
household / home n. 家庭 household wastes 家庭垃圾
single-parent home (or household) 单亲家庭
family values 家庭观念
strengthen family bonds (or ties) 加强家庭、亲情的联系
a (or the) sense of belonging 归属感
an attachment to / an affinity for 对……的依恋
generation gap 代沟
offspring n. 后代
personality clashes 性格冲突，性格不合
domestic violence 家庭暴力
mistreat / abuse v. 虐待
addiction to / be addicted to 对......上瘾
family quality time 有质量的家庭生活

the protection of the young 未成年保护
Children are always curious about new experience. 孩子总是对新事物感到好奇。
lack of self-control 缺少自控 (此处 lack作名词，作动词时应为lackself-control)
discipline n. 纪律
be unable to distinguish right fromwrong 没有能力判断是非
be vulnerable to negative influence 易受外界不良影响
vulnerable groups 弱势群体
impressionable adj. 易受影响的
have less awareness of adverse consequences 无法充分意识到不良后果
take sensible precautions 采取合理的预防措施
critical time of physical and psychological development 身心发展的关键期
develop something 发展、培养......
parental guidance 父母的指导
parenting n. 父母的教育
guardianship n. 监护
guide v. 引导
custody n. 抚养权，监护权
the intervention of parents 父母的干涉
a degree of parental intervention 一定程度的父母的干预
intervene in 干预
exercise/have some control over 对……稍加控制
Parents should exercise/havesome control over their children. 父母对孩子要有一定的约束力。
Young people sometimes havea tendency to prioritize (or prioritise 英式拼写) short-term needs andwants over long-term goals. 年轻人有时倾向于优先考虑短期的需求以及想做的事情，而不是为长远的目标做打算。
have a tendency to do something 趋向于做某事
prioritize ... over ... 优先...而不是...
time / risk / money management 时间/风险/金钱的管理
manage time / risk / money 管理时间/风险/金钱
allow children a degree of autonomy 让孩子有一定程度的自治
learn to make good decisions independently 学会独立做出良好的判断
growing up 成长
the young / youngsters / youths 年轻人
adolescents / juveniles / teenagers n.青少年
adolescent adj. 青春期的 (e.g.adolescent worries 青少年的忧虑)
juvenile adj. 青少年的
juvenile delinquency 青少年犯罪
juvenile delinquent(s) 少年犯

elderly people / senior citizens / theold 老年人
longer life expectancy 寿命长
life span 寿命
twilight life 晚年
see retirement as a time forrelaxation and letting go of the stress of working life 把退休看作放松、释放工作压力的时候
rich experience in both life and work 丰富的人生阅历和工作经验
contribute actively to one’s community积极地为社区/集体做贡献
engage in (or get involve in)volunteer (or voluntary) work 参与志愿者工作
Old people’s working experience maycontinue to be valuable to their employers. 老年人的工作经验可能对雇主来说仍然有价值。
Some elder employees remain in work asmentors for younger employees. 一些老员作为年轻人的导师继续工作。
silver tsunami 银发危机
aging (or graying) society 老龄化社会
the proportion of the old isincreasing rapidly 老年人的比例迅速增加
pension plan 退休金计划
medical care and pension may pose afinancial burden for the government 医疗服务和退休金可能会给政府造成财政负担
labor (or labour) shortage 劳动力短缺
economy hole 经济缺口
challenge n. 挑战
challenging adj. 有挑战的

gender equality 性别平等
gender discrimination / sexism性别歧视
an enlightened ( or a progressive) society一个开明的社会
sexual harassment 性骚扰
a mother’s instinct / maternal instinct一个母亲的本能
paternal instinct 父母本能
child bearing 生育孩子
child rearing 抚养孩子
traditional role in… ……上传统的角色(e.g. traditional role in raising children, taking care of the family andcommitting to the housework)
be tied down by household chores 被家务事拖累
not physically strong 不是身体强壮
less aggressive nature (性格上)较少攻击性的
Males and females may not approachwork in identical ways. 男性和女性可能会用不同的方式处理工作。
Certain posts may need to remainpredominantly male or female 某些职位可能需要主要由男性或女性来担当。
greater freedom of choice in terms ofemployment 更加自由地择业
Making occupations more open to both gendershas distinct advantages. 进一步开放职场对男性和女性都有着明显的好处。
Men and women can bring differentperspectives and approaches to a job. 男性和女性能够用不同的观点和方法从事同一份工作。
The changes may be subtle, but theycould be far-reaching. 这些变化可能是微妙的，但他们带来的改变可能是深远的。

Animals & Plants
biodiversity n. 生物多样性
maintain biodiversity 保持生物多样性
the biota of a region 一个地区的动植物
wildlife n. 野生动植物
The loss of biodiversity should neverbe a price we pay for progress. 生物多样性的丧失，不应该是我们为进步付出的代价。
an increasing number of species come under threat 越来越多的物种受到威胁
species n. 物种(单复数同形)
endangered species 濒危物种
ensure the survival of species 确保物种的生存
natural resources come under threat 自然资源受到威胁(cause)
ecosystem n. 生态系统
delicate ecosystem 敏感、易破坏的生态系统
promote greater understanding of 更进一步促进对……的理解、认识
botanical adj. 植物的
Governments/the government should promote greater understanding of plants andanimals by investing in the research and preservationefforts of universities, zoos, and botanical institutes. 政府应该投资大学、动物园、植物研究机构的研究及保护工作(为保护付出的努力)来进一步促进人们对动植物的认识。
This strategy alone would do little to protect thewhole ecosystem that is under threat. 仅凭这一种策略是无法保护整个受到威胁的生态系统。
natural habitat(s) 自然栖息地
nature reserve(s) 自然保护区
An alternative strategy would be to protect naturalhabitats by expanding nature reserves. 另一策略是通过扩建自然保护区来保护自然栖息地。
One effective solution is to limit the damage at its source.其中一个有效的方法是在根源上减少损害。
There are limitations to a strategy. 某一策略有局限性。

animal rights activists 动物权益保护主义者
animalrights campaigners 倡导动物权益的人士
campaign n. 活动 & v. 参加活动
conduct a campaign 开展一项活动
medical research 医学研究
animal testing (orexperiment) 动物实验
minimize(or minimise 英式拼写) the pain of animal testing (or experiment) 将动物实验的痛苦最小化
relieve (or alleviate/ ease) the pain of animals 减轻动物的痛苦
cruel / merciless / barbaric / callous/ brutal / inhuman 残忍的
vivisection n. 活体解剖
anesthetic (or anaesthetic 英式拼写) n.　麻醉(剂)
mistreat of animals 虐待动物
poach v. 偷猎
poaching n. 偷猎
fur n. 毛皮，皮草
be conscious (or aware) of 意识到
There are no replacements (or substitutes/ alternatives) for something. ……是不可替代的。
Pets could offer people consolation andcomfort. 宠物能够给人们心理安慰。

Technology
technological advances (orprogressions) 科技进步
technological innovations科技创新
technological inventions 科技发明
advance vn. 发展
transform v. 改变
… have transformed (or fundamentallychanged / completely changed) … 彻底改变了……
breakthrough n. 突破
cutting-edge technology 尖端、前沿的技术
give sb an edge/advantage in sth 给某人某方面的优势
Agood command of English gives people an edge in the job market.
hi-tech adj. 高科技的
hi-tech features 高科技特征
digital adj. 数字的，数码的
electronic adj. 电子的
an increasing popularity (orprevalence) of / … be increasingly prevalent (or popular) ……越来越流行

the information age (or era) 信息时代
information explosion (or overload) 信息爆炸
the proliferation of the Internet /the extensive use of the Internet / the widespread use of the Internet 互联网的广泛使用
surf on the Internet / log on (oronto) the Internet 上网
social networking n. 社交网络
social networking websites 社交网站
promote (or facilitate) communication 促进交流
have (or gain) more access toinformation 获取更多的信息
obtain information in various ways 以不同的方式获取信息
with the click of a mouse 鼠标一点
with the click on the keyboard 键盘一敲
geographical barrier 地理上的阻碍
hacker n. 黑客
hack (into) v. 入侵、潜入 (他人的电脑)
hack n. 入侵、潜入 (他人的电脑)

at a staggering (or astonishing) rate 以惊人的速度
productive adj. 多产的，高生产率的
productivity n. 生产力，生产率
enhance (or boost / augment) efficiencyor productivity 提高效率或生产率
machinery n. 机器、机械 (总称)
labor-saving machinery 减少人力的机器
labor-replacing machinery 取代人力的机器
automation n. 自动化
automated adj. 自动化的
telecommunications n. 远程通讯,电信学
traditional way of / conventionalmethod of 传统的手段、方法
online retailer 网上零售商
retail n.&v. 零售
retail market 零售市场
cost-effective 节省成本的，划算的
biotechnology n. 生物技术
clone n.&v. 克隆
cloning n. 克隆
gene n. 基因
genetic adj. 基因的，遗传的
genetically modified adj. 转基因的
genetically modified food
modify v. 修改
one’s genetic makeup (or DNAprogramming) 人的基因构成
space exploration 太空探索

the problem of … is becomingincreasingly severe (or disturbing / grave / worrying / serious / worrisome /troublesome) ……的问题越来越严重、令人担忧
increasingwork pressure and less quality family time 工作压力的增加，美好的家庭时光的减少 (工作和家庭时间模糊)
cybercrimes n. 网络犯罪
security issues 安全问题
violate( or intrude on/ infringe on) someone’s privacy 侵犯某人的隐私

identitytheft 身份盗窃、盗用
pirate v. 剽窃，侵犯专利
pirated adj. 盗版的
piracy n. 盗版，侵犯版权
questionablecontents such as pornography and violence 不良的内容，例如色情和暴力
damage one’s health 对人的健康造成危害
weakened eyesight 视力的减弱
radiation n. 辐射
less outdoor exercise 户外活动减少
sedentary lifestyle 久坐的、静态的生活方式
indulge in (or be lost in) virtualworld 沉溺于、迷失于虚拟世界
be isolated from the real world 游离于现实世界之外
weaken the relationships with familyand friends 削弱与家人、朋友的关系
become solitary 性格变得孤僻

以上语料内容针对9/10月写作预测 科技类话题

Environment
sustainable development 可持续发展
ecosystem / ecological system 生态系统
ecological balance (or equilibrium) 生态平衡
environmentalist / conservationist n. 环保主义者
conserve v. 保护，保存，节约
conservation n. 保护，保存，节约 (e.g. wildlife / water and soil / resource / energy conservation)
preserve / protect v. 保护，维护，保存
preservation / protection n. 保护，维护，保存
eco-friendly adj. 不妨碍生态环境的，有益于生态环境的
environmentally-friendly adj. 对环境无害的，环保的
=environmentally sound
consume / deplete v. 消耗 (资源)
use up / exhaust v. 用尽 (资源)
exploit natural resources 开采自然资源
alternative resources 可替代资源
alternative energy sources 可替代能源
renewable resources 可再生资源
windenergy 风能
hydropower 水力发电
solarpower 太阳能 (发电)

non-re