定语从句讲解讲课讲稿.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,The Attributive Clause,(定语从句),1.,定语：,定语用来限定、修饰名词或代词的，是对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的词、短语或句子，汉语中常用的表示。,a,clever,boy The,boiling,water,Fallen,leaves,The man,who you are looking for,2.,定语从句,：修饰某一名词或代词的从句。,.Do you know,the man,who came to see Xiao Yang this morning?,3.,先行词,4.,关系词：,关系代词,that,which,who,whom,whose,as,关系副词,where,when,why等。,关系词常有3个作用：,1，引导定语从句。,2，代替先行词。,3，在定语从句中担当一个成分。,被修饰的名词或代词叫,先行词,；,引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词，关系词有关系代词和关系副词。,找出定语从句，先行词，关系词及其在从句中充当的成分,1.She is the old woman,whom,I saw this morning.,2.Mary is the girl whose parents work in Japan.,3.Is this the key which you are looking for?,4.October 1,1949 is the day when New China was founded.,5.This is the house where the great man was born.,6.I dont know the reason why she looks unhappy today.,_,_,_,_,_,_,_,_,_,_,_,_,5.限定性定语从句,：对先行词起到修饰限制的作用，使该词的含义更具体，更明确。这类从句不能省掉，否则句子的意义就不完整。,6.非限定性定语从句：,同主句的关系不十分密切，只是对先行词作附加或补充的说明，不起限制的作用，如果省去，主句的意思仍然清楚完整。这类定语从句在书写时大多用逗号与主句分开。,Last week I met John,who seemed to be very excited.,I was the only person in my office who was invited.,A.,that 指人/物，作主语或宾语,1.A plane is a machine.It can fly.,A plane is a machine,that,can fly,.,2.He is the man.I told you about him.,He is the man,that,I told you about,.,关系代词:,B.which 指物，作主语或宾语,These are the trees,which,were planted last year.,This recorder,which,he is using,is made in Japan.,These are some trees.They were planted last year.,关系代词:,This recorder is made in Japan.He is using it.,关系代词:,C.who指人,作主语或宾语。,The man,is our teacher,.I talked with him.,Wang Lin is our monitor.She is 16 years old.,D.whom,指人,作宾语。,The man,whom/who,I nodded to,is Mr.Li.,The man,to whom,/who,I nodded,is Mr.Li.,The man who I talked with him is our teacher,.,Wang Lin who is 16 years old is our monitor.,The man is Mr.Li.I nodded to him.,whose,在定语从句中作定语，,表示引导词,与,whose,后的名词为所属关系。,whose多指人，也可指物，指物时可与 of which互换使用。,This is the book.Its cover is blue.,This is the girl.Her parents are doctors.,This is the girl whose parents are doctors,.,This is the book,whose/of which,the cover is blue.,三、关系代词（who,whom,which,that,whose）的指代关系,指人,指物,主语,(宾语),定语,Who,Whom,Which,that,whose,Eg:1.He is such a man,_,never tells a lie.,2.He is the model worker _we should learn from.,3.A dictionary is a book_ often helps us to know the meanings of the words.,4.This is the film _I like best.,5.The boy _father is a professor is one of my best friends.,6.The house _roof was blown away by the storm will be rebuilt soon.,who,(whom/who),which/that,(that/which),whose,whose,(which/that),who/that,whose,which/that,7.I have a friend _ likes listening to the classical music.,8.Yesterday Emily was wearing the new dress _ I gave her.,9.The man _ leg broke in a match used to be a good football player.,10.Kate is reading a book _ is too difficult for her.,只用,that,，不用which,先行词被,all,very,any,much,little,few,no,等修饰时,序数词,或形容词,最高级,修饰先行词时；,先行词前有,the only,the very,the same,the right,等修饰时；,4.all,little,much,few,none,everything,nothing,something,anything,等,不定代词,作先行词；,5.先行词既有人也有物,6.主句以,which,who,what,开头的疑问句,只用,which,，不用that,有机器的房间是车间。,The room _ there is a machine is a workshop.,The room _ there is a machine in is a workshop.,in which,(which/that),一、非限制性定语从句,二、用在介词后,I have lost the pen,_ I like very much.,which,关系副词引导的定语从句,1.,When,表示时间，其先行词往往是表示时间的名词（如time,day,hour,year等）,From,the time,when,he was little,he had known what he wanted to be when he grew up.,2.,Where,表示地点，其先行词往往是表示地点的名词（如place,room,house,street,area等）,This is,the place,where,my mother was born.,3.,Why,表示原因，常用在先行词reason的后面。,I dont know,the reason,why,she looks unhappy today.,比较：,I still remember the day,_ I first came to Beijing.,先行词,“the day”在从句中做状语,表示时间:,I first came to Beijing,on the day,.(所以用关系副词when。),I still remember the day,(_)we spend together.,先行词“the day”在从句中做spend宾语：,We,spend the day,together.（所以在该句中用关系代词which/that，并且可省略。）,which/that,when,2.This is the place,_ we worked last year.,先行词“the place”在从句中做状语，表示地点：,We worked,in the place,last year.(所以用关系副词where。),比较,：,This is the place,(_)we visited last year.,先行词“the place”在从句中做visited的宾语：,We,visited the place,last year.(所以用关系代词which/that,并且可省略。),where,which/that,注意,先行词在从句中做状语，用,先行词在从句中做宾语或主语，用,关系副词；,关系代词；,选择适当的关系词完成句子,1.October 1,1949 was the day _the Peoples Republic of China was founded.,2.October 1,1949 was the day_ he,will never forget.,(that/which),when,3.This is the house _I was born.,where,4.This is the house_ windows are very clean.,5.This is the house _I love very much.,6.This is the house _is very beautiful.,whose,(that/which)that/which,7.This is the reason _he was late.,why,8.This is the reason _ he gave us.,(that/which),关系副词都等于一个适当的,介词which,，,在从句中作状语,When=in/at/on/+which;,Where=in/at/on/+which;,Why=for/+which,1.Do you still remember the day,when(_ which),we went to visit the museum together?,2.This is the factory,where(_ which),my father once worked.,3.This is the reason,why(_ which),he was late,.,on,in,for,1.I still remember the days _ I worked with the farmers.,I still remember the days _ I spent with the farmers.,A.which B.on which C.when D.what,2.We were on the way _ it began to rain.,I dont like the way _ you speak to your parents.,A.when B.that C.how D.which,C,A,A,B,in which/,Ill never forget the days _ we worked together.,Ill never forget the days _ we spent together.,I went to the place _ I worked ten years ago.,I went to the place _ I visited ten years ago.,This is the reason _ he was late.,This is the reason _ he,gave,.,when/in which,(that/which),where/in which,(which/that),why/for which,that/which,及物动词,及物动词,及物动词,1,.This is the town _ I was born.,This is the town _ _I visited last week.,2.I will never forget the day _ I came to school.,I will never forget the day _ I spent with you.,3.This is the reason _ he was late.,This is the reason _ he told me.,where,(Whic/that),when,(Which/that),Why/for which,(That/which),二.非限制性定语从句应注意以下几点：,1、非限制性定语从句通常不能用that引导。,如：1).I like the book,which,was bought yesterday.我喜欢这本书，这是昨天买的。,2.)I like the book,which/that,was bought yesterday.我喜欢昨天买的那本书。,2.在非限制性定语从句中，指人的关系代词作宾语时，只能用宾格whom;不能用who替换，也不能省,Do you know Tom,whom,we talked about?,Do you know Tom(,who/whom),we talked about?,4.Which可指前面整个句子。,The sun sends out light and heat,which,makes it possible for living things to exist on the earth.,His father is an engineer,_ makes him very proud.,for what .which,.that.what,B,“介词+关系代词”型定语从句考点,关系代词在定语从句中作介词宾语时，从句常常由“介词+关系代词”引出。,注意：,1若介词放在关系代词前，关系代词指人时只可用,whom,，不可用who,that；关系代词指物时只可用,which,，不可用that。关系代词是所有格时用whose。,2“介词+关系代词”前还可有,some,any,none,all,both,neither,many,most,each,few,等代词或者数词,Fill in the blanks with proper preps.,This is the book _ which I spent 5 yuan.,This is the book _ which I paid 5 yuan.,This is the book _ which we can learn a lot.,This is the book _ which we often talk.,This is the book _ which I wrote down many notes.,on,for,from,about,in,1.In the dark street,there wasnt a single person _ she could turn for help.(NMET92)A.to whom Bwho C.from whom D.that,A,2.His glasses,_ he was like a blind man,fell to the ground and broke.A with which B.which C through which D.without which,D,3.The plane _ I came to London has flown 10,000 miles.A.in it B.in which C.by which D.where,B,AS引导的,定语从句,as引导限定性定语从句，,习惯上用于下列词组：,the same.as such.as as.as，soas,，在从句中作主语或宾语。,1.,Such,people,as,you describe are rare nowadays.,2.Lets discuss only,such,questions,as,concern every one of us.,3.Would you please buy me,the same,novel,as,you bought for brother yesterday,Mum?,as we have,seen,as is known to all,as anybody can see,as was,expect,ed,as you,knowas we can,imagine,as has been,pointed out,As 用于非限制性定语从句，常见以下句型,选择最佳答案。,1.Can you think of anyone _ could look after him a bit for the next few days?,A.that B.which C.whom D./,2.In Britain he had come across a painter _ nobody else had heard of.,A.which B.where C.with whom D./,3.Sunday is a holiday, people do not go to work.,A.on which B.on when C.in which D.where,4.Yesterday was one of the coldest days _ I have ever known.,A.which B.when C.who D.that,5.I am off to St.James Park,_ I have to give a lecture on the Theatre.,A.when B.there C.where D.which,6.I did this at nine oclock,and _ I sat sometimes reading the paper.,A.after doing it B.after which,C.after while D.when,7.She was very fond of speaking French,_ indeed she spoke very well.,A.that B.where C.which D./,8.She had two new cars,_ was made in Japan.,A.one B.which,C.and one of which D.and one of them,9.My new car,_ I paid several thousand pounds _,is not running well.,A.which;for B.that;for C.which;/D.what;with,10.His son,_ he was devoted,was living abroad.,A.whom B.to whom C.to which D.that,