人教版新课标高中英语2019-2020学年必修五第一单元GreatScientists单元练习含答案.docx

高二英语单元练习 (B5U1)
一、完成句子,用所给词的正确形式填空。
1. The need to communicate is a key _______________(特点；特征) of human society.
2. By __________(分析) the parts of the sentence we can learn more about English grammar.
3. Yesterday I ___________(击败；战胜) my opponent(对手) by about a meter.
4. He is always _____________(热心的；热情的) about helping others.
5. In our daily life, we come across many _____________(挑战) now and then.
6. At the end of the meeting, it was ____________(宣布) that an agreement had been reached.
7. I turned the ____________(把手) and opened the door.
8. Thinking ____________(positive) will help you take control of your life.
9. Don’t forget to read the ______________(instruct) before taking the medicine.
10. Cancer is greatly ____________(link) to our lifestyle.
11. ______________ (absorb) in painting, John didn’t notice evening approaching.
12. If you ________________ (expose) to the sunlight for too much time, you will get sunburns.
13. ________________ (expose) to the sunlight for too much time, you will get sunburns.
14. _________________ (expose) to the sunlight for too much time will make you get sunburns.
15.He strongly insisted that he was not ____________ (blame) for the accident.
16.The girl ___________ (blame) for being late is weeping now.
17. Michael put up a picture of Yao Ming beside the bed to keep himself __________ (remind) of his own dream.
18. As a traffic policeman, he always works hard to keep the traffic__________(run) smoothly even on festivals.
19. What she said sounded convincing, but I ______________(认为，怀疑) it to be a lie.
20. She has c________________ several poems to the magazine.
21. 这个问题一被提出来，大家就纷纷站起来发表自己的观点。
The instant the question ________ ________ _________, we all stood up to give our opinions.
22. 虽然他对学生要求很严格，但深受学生们的欢迎。
Though he ________ ________ ________ his students, he is very popular with them.
23. 除了别的考虑外，时间也是个因素。
  other considerations, time is also a factor.
24. You can't      (得出结论) without enough evidence.
25. 你看得懂这首诗吗？ Can you __________ __________this poem?
26. 别在太阳下晒太久，你会被晒伤。
Don’t __________ __________ __________ the sun for too long. You'll get burnt.
二、语法填空
Once James Thornhill, a famous English painter, was asked 27.  (paint) some pictures on the walls of the king's palace in English. Then workers were sent for and 28.   big platform was made. 29.   the help of a worker, Thornhill started painting on the platform. They worked for a whole year 30.   at last the pictures were ready.
Thornhill was happy when he looked at the pictures, for they were 31.  (real) beautiful. He looked at them for a long time, and then took one step back and looked again. Now the pictures were even 32.  (much) beautiful. He took another step, then another. Finally he was at the very edge of the platform, but he did not know it because he 33.  (think) of his pictures.
The worker saw everything. "34.   should I do?" he thought. " Thornhill is at the very edge of the platform. If I cry out, he will take another step, fall off the platform and surely be killed." So the worker quickly took some paint and threw 35.   at the picture. "What are you doing?" cried the painter, 36.  (run) quickly forward to his pictures.
三、阅读理解
A
The next time you use telephone and Internet, you can probably thank Charles Kao (高锟), who was one of the Nobel Prize in Physics winners on October 6, 2009. His idea of fiber-optic(光纤) communications has made the modern telephone and Internet possible. People can exchange text, music and photos around the world within seconds thanks to this technology.
Half the $1.4 million prize goes to Charles Kao for discovering how to send light signals long distances through hair-thin glass fibers. The other half goes to the Americans Boyle and Smith for inventing a sensor(传感器) that turns light into electrical signals. Their invention led to digital cameras.
Kao was born in Shanghai in 1933 and now has both American and British citizenship(公民身份).
Kao has been interested in science since he was a boy. He once tried making a bomb at home using chemicals and water; then he threw it in the street. Fortunately, no one was hurt!
After primary school and the first year of middle school, Kao moved to Hong Kong with his family. He went to Hong Kong University, but he had to go to London University to study electrical engineering. Later he studied fiber-optic communications.
Kao said in 1966 that glass fibers could carry light over long distances. Not many took him seriously at the time. But in 1970, researchers in the US were able to make the material.
Today the fibers are used throughout the world in computer cables and other cables. The light that flows through them sends text, music, pictures and video globally in less than a second. If you put together all the fibers in the world, you would get a single thread over 1 billion kilometers long. That is enough to go around the globe more than 25,000 times.
37. Why was Charles Kao awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics?
A. Because he invented the modern telephone and Internet.
B. Because he together with Boyle and Smith invented a sensor which changes light into electrical signals.
C. Because his idea led to the invention of digital cameras.
D. Because he discovered the way to send light signals through glass fibers.
38. The passage mainly tells us  .
A. Charles Kao's contribution and his growth
B. Charles Kao together with Boyle and Smith won the Nobel Prize in Physics
C. how Charles Kao discovered fiber-optic communications
D. how Charles Kao became a great scientist
39. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A. Charles Kao left his parents and went to Hong Kong after the first year of middle school.
B. Charles Kao is a Chinese-American.
C. Only a few people considered Charles Kao's idea very useful at the very beginning.
D. Charles Kao studied fiber-optic communications in Hong Kong University.
B
When Two Bangs Meet
Sheldon Cooper is a scientific genius on the popular American TV show—The Big Bang Theory. He finally met his match last year: Stephen Hawking.
This is not the first time that the scientist has appeared on TV. He has also been on Star Trek (in 1987) and The Simpsons (in 1989). Each time, he played himself.
Hawking, 71, is perhaps the world's most famous scientist after Albert Einstein. He has spent his whole life studying the beginning and the end of the universe, including the Big Bang theory.
The Big Bang theory explains the early development of the universe. According to the theory, about 13.7 billion years ago everything was all squeezed together in a tiny, tight little ball, and then the ball exploded. The results of that explosion are what we call the universe.
Hawking has always tried to make science more popular with people. His book, A Brief History of Time was published in 1988. In the book he shares his understanding of the universe in simple language. The book tries to explain many subjects about the universe to common readers, including the Big Bang, black holes and light cones (光锥).
Hawking's achievements are even greater if you think about his disability. When he was 21, Hawking caught a bad illness that slowly stopped him from moving or talking. Now he sits on a wheelchair with a computer by his side. To communicate, he moves two fingers to control the computer's mouse. He chooses his words from the screen, which are then spoken by a voice synthesizer(合成器).
Hawking also believes that there might be aliens in space. However, he believes they are probably very dangerous, so we should not look for them. "I imagine they might exist in very big ships... having used up all the resources from their home planet," Hawking said in a British documentary named Into the Universe with Stephen Hawking.
40. What does the "Two Bangs" in the title refer to?
A. The director of the TV show and the founder of it.
B. The director and the actor of The Big Bang Theory.
C. The scientific genius on the TV show and the one in real life.
D. The founder of the "Big Bang" theory and Sheldon.
41. The Big Bang theory mainly explains  .
A. how the universe started B. what the universe is like
C. how old the universe is D. how the universe exploded
42. According to the passage, which of the following about Hawking is TRUE?
A. He was born with a disability. B. He played an artist in Star Trek.
C. He uses a computer to communicate. D. He believes aliens are our friends.
四、七选五
What Teenagers Can Do To Earn More Respect
As teenagers continue to grow and develop into young adults, the transition(过渡) into adulthood has begun. With so many physical and emotional changes going on, certain manners are often forgotten and other adult traits are not yet accepted as a way of life. 43.   By doing the following things, you will earn more respect.
Contribute to the household
At the very least, clean up after yourself. As a teenager, you are old enough to clean up after yourself. When you make a mess, clean it up. 44.   All chores that you do help to reduce the load of the person who did them before. Now that you're old enough and capable, why shouldn't you contribute to the household? 45.  
Be responsible
46.   Whether they are basic things, like brushing your teeth or doing your homework, or more involved chores that contribute to the household, simply fulfill your responsibilities on time. When adults know that they can rely on you, their trust and respect for you will increase.

Solve more of your own problem without asking for help
Instead of taking the easy approach and asking for help, make an effort to solve your problems on your own first. The "easy way" is only easy for you, but it is an extra task for the person from whom you are seeking help. Seek help only after you have make an honest effort to solve your own problems. 47.   When you become a good problem solver, you increase your valve to the community.
A. Everyone has certain responsibilities.
B. By being aware of these manners and traits, you can manage them sooner.
C. The people doing the chores before will greatly appreciate the help.
D. This includes, but is not limited to, your dishes and your room.
E. It will make your life more pleasant.
F. Depending on the problem, 15 minutes of effort is usually a good guideline.
G. When speaking to a group, speak loud enough.
五、完形填空
A famous writer was in his study. He picked up his pen and started writing：
Last year, I had a surgery and my gall bladder（胆囊）was 48 . I had to stay in bed for a long time. At the same time, I was sixty and had to 49 my favourite job. The same year I experienced the 50 of the death of my father. And my son 51 in his medical exam because he had a car 52 . In the end he wrote：Alas! It was such an 53 year!
When the writer's wife 54 the room t she found her husband looking sad, lost in 55 . Behind his back, she read what was written in the 56 . She left the room 57 and came back with another paper and 58 it on the side of her husbands writing.
When the writer saw this paper, he found this written on it：
Last year I finally got rid of my gall bladder because of pain. I 59 sixty with health and got 60 from my job. Now I can make full use of my time to write something better with more 61 and peace. The same year my father, at the age of 95, 62 in peace. Meanwhile, my son gained 63 with a new life. My car destroyed but my son stayed alive without getting any disability. In the end she wrote: This year was a 64 year and it passed well!
65 , the same incident has different viewpoints. In our daily lives we must 66 that it's not happiness that makes us grateful but gratefulness that makes us happy. There is always, always, always something to be 67 for!
48. A. refreshed B. recovered C. removed D. recycled
49. A. take up B. pick up C. tear up D. give up
50. A. error B. sorrow C. process D. access
51. A. failed B. adapted C. disabled D. participated
52. A. incident B. accident C. affair D. existence
53. A. innocent B. informal C. illegal D. unlucky
54. A. entered B. tidied C. cleared D. passed
55. A. guilt B. thought C. panic D. relief
56. A. statement B. book C. paper D. literature
57. A. angrily B. curiously C. faithfully D. silently
58. A. attached B. charged C. placed D. ticked
59. A. turned B. teased C. charged D. consulted
60. A. retired B. tired C. rewarded D. operated
61. A. excitement B. focus C. guidance D. division
62. A. laid off B. put away C. paid off D. passed away
63. A. award B. revision C. rebirth D. reputation
64. A. peaceful B. huge C. slight D. familiar
65. A. However B. Therefore C. Furthermore D. Then
66. A. hear B. suppose C. think D. see
67. A. positive B. passive C. thankful D. famous

【答案】
一、完成句子
1. characteristic 2. analyzing 3. defeated 4. Enthusiastic 5. challenges 6. Announced 7. handle 8. positively 9. instructions 10. linked 11. Absorbed 12. are exposed 13. Exposed 14. Being exposed 15. to blame 16. blamed 17. reminded 18. Running 19. suspected 20. contributed 21. was put forward 22. is very strict with 23. Apart from 24. draw a conclusion 25. make sense of 26. be exposed to / expose yourself to;
二、语法填空：27. to paint 28. a 29. With 30. and 31. Really 32. More 33. was thinking 34. What 35. it 36. running
三、阅读理解：DAC CAC
四、七选五：BDCAF
五、完形填空：
48-52. CDBAB 53-57. DABCD 58-62. CAABD 63-67. CBBDC