高一年级英语学科教学案.doc

高一年级英语学科教学案
必修三
Unit 1 Festivals around the world
Period 1 Words and expressions
Teaching Aims:
Learn the new words and expressions
Teaching Important points:
The pronunciation and the use of the words
Teaching Difficult points:
The use of some important words and phrases
Teaching Procedures:
StepⅠ .Read the New words
StepⅡ .Language points:
Ⅰ.词语辨析
1. take place / happen / occur / come about / break out
【解释】
take place表示“发生、举行、举办”，一般指非偶然性事件的“发生”，即这种事件的发生一定有某种原因或事先的安排。
happen作“发生、碰巧”解，一般用于偶然或突发性事件。
occur作“发生、想到、突然想起”解，其意义相当于happen。
come about表示“发生、产生”，多指事情已经发生了，但还不知道为什么，常用于疑问句和否定句。
break out意思为“发生、爆发”，常指战争、灾难、疾病、火灾或者争吵等事件的发生，也可以表示突然大声叫喊等。
【练习】根据句子的意思翻译或按要求填词。
1). Great changes have _________ (发生) in our hometown during the past ten years.
2). _____________________ (我突然想起) I saw him on my way home yesterday.
3). I _________ (碰巧) to see your sister crying on my way to school yesterday. I was in such a hurry that I had no time to ask what had happened ________ (介词) her?
4). When the Second World War _________ (爆发), Tom was only a newborn infant.
5). I’ ll never understand how it _________ (发生) that you were late three times a week.
6). A big earthquake _________ (发生) in the south of China last year.
答案：1). taken place 2). It occurred to me that 3). happened; to 4). broke out
5). came about 6). occurred / happened
2. celebrate / congratulate
【解释】
celebrate“庆祝”，后面跟某个节日或物。
congratulate“祝贺”，一般搭配为congratulate sb. on (doing)sth.“祝贺某人某事”。
【练习】根据句子的意思在括号里填入适当的词。
1). We all ________ Jessica on her winning the first prize in the writing competition.
2). At Christmas the people in the western countries will ________ the birth of Jesus.
3). Let’s hold a party to ________ your birthday and at the same time ________ you _______ your passing the examination.
答案： 1). congratulated 2). celebrate 3). celebrate; congratulate; on
2. gather / collect
3. 【解释】
gather 用途较广泛，可用于人、物或无形的抽象事物，如人群的集合，食品、财产、文件、书籍等的收集。强调将分散的东西收集在一起。
collect 强调为了研究目的而做的有鉴别、有计划的收集，并指为了爱好而做的有条理的安排，对某些事物进行逐渐的收集
这两词用不及物动词时用，常可互换，都表 “ 聚集；聚拢 ” 。
【练习】根据句子的意思在括号里填入适当的词。
1). The dustmen ________ the rubbish once a week.
2). A group of people were ________ at the accident spot.
3). She ________ up her scattered belongings and left.
4). So when did you start ________ antique glass?
答案： 1). collect 2). gathering/(collecting) 3). gathered/collected 4). collecting
4. award / reward
【解释】
award n.“奖品”、“奖金”，指因为作出杰出成就而受奖win/get/receive an award for sth.
vt.“授与”、“颁发”、“判给” award sb. sth. = award sth. to sb.
reward n.“赏金”、“酬金”或一些非金钱的报酬as a reward
vt. 表示“报答”、“酬谢”之意 reward sb. for sth. / reward sb. with sth.
【练习】根据句子的意思在括号里填入适当的词。
1). They ________ John the first prize in the contest.
2). Is that how you ________ me for my help?
3). The film won an ________ ________ its photography.
答案：1). awarded 2). reward 3). award; for
Ⅱ.重点词汇（旨在提供词汇综合运用所需材料）
1. mean (meant, meant) vt.&vi. 意思是；意味着；打算；预定
[典例]
1). The sign means that the road is blocked. 这个标志表示此路不通。
2). What do you mean to do with it? 你打算把它怎样处理？
3). I mean you to work as our spokesman. 我想请你当我们的代言人。
[重点用法]
(sth.) mean doing sth. 意味着… (sb) mean to do sth. 打算做…
had meant to do sth. 本来打算做某事 be meant for 打算作……用；打算给…
(sth.) be meant to do sth. 被预定/指定/认为做某事 What do／did you mean by...? “你……是什么意思？”
[练习] 按要求填空或翻译。
1). Can you tell me what this sentence______ (mean)?
2). Your friendship ______ (mean) a great deal ______ (介词) me.
3). In some parts of London, missing a bus means ______ (wait) for another hour.
4). What did he mean ______ (介词) saying that remark?
5). I ______ ______ ______ ______（本来打算来）yesterday, but I had an unexpected visitor.
6). 这些房间是打算用作少年活动中心的。
_______________________________________________________________________________
答案：1). mean 2). means; to 3). waiting 4). by 5). had meant to come
6).These rooms are meant for the children’s centre.
2. starve vi.&vt. (使)饿死；饿得要死 starvation n.[u] 饿死
[典例]
1). The enemy is trying to starve us to death. 敌人正在企图饿死我们。
2). I’ m starving; let’ s have a big dinner. 我饿得要死了，让我们吃一顿丰盛的晚餐吧。
3). He said he would starve rather than beg for food. 他说他宁愿挨饿也不要饭吃。
[重点用法]
starve to death = die of starvation/hunger饿死 starve sb to death 把某人饿死
starve for sth. = be starved of sth. = hope/long for sth. 希望/渴望得到某物
[练习] 用starve的短语的适当形式填空。
1). Thousands of people ________ ________ ________ in Africa.
2). These children are ________ _ love.
3). The people on the island _______ _______ _______ fresh water since it hadn’t rained for nearly half a year.
Keys: 1). starved to death/died of starvation 2). starving for 3). were starved of
3. belief n. [c,u] 信任；信仰；信心 believe vt.&vi. 相信
[典例]
1). He has great belief in his doctor. 他对那位医生无比信赖。
2). She has lost her belief in God. 她已不相信上帝（不相信真有上帝）。
[重点用法]
have belief in sth/sb 对某事物/人的真实性和正确性所具有的信心 beyond belief 难以置信
in the belief that... 相信 …… It is my belief that... 我相信……
[练习] 用belief的短语填空。
1). He came to me ________ ________ ________ ________ I could help him.
2). ________ ________ ________ ________ that nuclear weapons are immoral.
3). The cruelty of the murders was ________ ________.
答案：1). in the belief that 2). It is my belief 3). beyond belief
4. gain vt. 获得；得到 n.[c,u] 收获；获利
[典例] 该词有三种含义：
1). 表示经过努力一点一点地获得自己渴望的东西
He has gained rich experience in these years. 这些年他已获取了丰富的经验。
2). 表示速度、重量等慢慢增加
He gained weight after recovery from his illness. 康复后他的体重增加了。
3).（钟，表）走快
This clock gains five minutes a day. 这只钟每天快5分钟。
[重点用法]
gain experience / fame / independence 获得经验/名望/独立gain sth. from 从……处获得某物
gain other’ s respect / love / trust 获得别人的尊敬/爱戴/信任
No pains, no gains. 一分耕耘,一分收获。
5. admire vt. 赞美；钦佩；羡慕 admiration n.[u] 钦佩；羡慕
[典例]
1). I admire your courage and wisdom. 我钦佩你的勇气和智慧。
2). I admired the way she had coped with life. 我钦佩她面对生活的方式。
[重点用法]
admire sb. for sth./ doing sth. 在某方面钦佩某人 in admiration赞美地/钦佩地
[练习] 中译英。
1). 我们都钦佩他的勇气和胆识。
_______________________________________________________________________________
2). 所有认识他的人都羡慕他取得诺贝尔化学奖。
_______________________________________________________________________________
3). 我钦佩地看着那小女孩弹钢琴。
____________________________________________________________________
答案：1). We all admire him for his courage and bravery.
2). All those who knew him admired him for winning the Nobel Prize for chemistry.
3). I watched the girl playing the piano in admiration.
6. permission n.[u] 许可；允许 permit vt. /p/准许；许可；允许 permit n./5/许可（证）；执照
[典例]
You have my permission to leave. 我准你离开。
[重点用法]
with/without (one’ s) permission得到允许/未经允许 ask sb. for permission 征求某人的许可
give sb. permission to do sth.: permit sb. to do sth.允许某人做某事 have one’ s permission得到某人的同意
[练习] 完成句子或用括号内所提供词的适当形式填空。
1). They entered the area _______ _______ (未经允许).
2). The prison authorities permit _______ (visit) only once a month.
3). We have arranged to play tennis on Saturday, weather _______ (permit).
4). You will need to obtain planning _______ (permit) if you want to extend your house.
答案：1). without permission 2). visiting 3). permitting 4). permission
7. remind vt. 提醒；使想起
[典例]
1). This story reminds me of my childhood. 这个故事让我想起了我的童年。
2). I reminded Gerald of his promise. 我提醒吉罗德他曾许下的诺言。
3). Please remind me to write to my mother tomorrow. 请提醒我明天给我母亲写信。
[重点用法]
remind sb. of sth. 使某人想起某事 remind sb. of / about sth. 提醒某人记住某事
remind sb. to do sth. 提醒某人做某事 remind sb. that... 提醒某人/使某人想起……
[练习] 中译英。
1). 这些照片使我想起我的童年。
_______________________________________________________________________________
2). 请提醒我要每天服三次药。
_______________________________________________________________________________
答案：1). These photos remind me of my childhood.
2). Please remind me to take my medicine three times a day.
Please remind me that I should take my medicine three times a day.
8. forgive (forgave, forgiven) vt. 原谅；饶恕
[典例]
1). I’ ll never forgive you! 我永远都不会饶恕你！
2). He asked us to forgive him for what he had done wrong. 他请求我们原谅他的错误
[重点用法]
forgive sb. (for) sth. 原谅某人的某事 forgive doing sth. 原谅做某事
[练习] 完成句子或用括号内所提供词的适当形式填空。
1). I’ ll never ______ ______ ______ ______ (因你所说的话而原谅你) you said to me.
2). They ______ (forgive) him for his crimes.
3). Forgive my _______ (interrupt) you.
答案：1). forgive you for what 2). forgave 3). interrupting
Ⅳ.重点词组（旨在提供词汇综合运用所需材料）
1. take place vi. 发生;举行
[典例]
1). The football match will take place tomorrow. 足球赛将在明天举行。
2). The accident took place/ happened only a block from my home. 事故发生在离我家仅一个街区远的地方。
[短语归纳]
take the place of (动词短语)代替/取代 in place of (介词短语)代替；交换
take sb’ s place / take the place of sb. 坐某人的座位；代替某人的职务 in the last place 最后
in place 放在原来的位置；适合的，恰当的 out of place不在合适的位置；不适当的
in the first place (列举理由)首先,第一点 in one’s place 处于某人的位置,为某人设身处地想一想
[练习] 用place短语的适当形式填空。
1). A little gratitude would be _______ _______.
2). I’ m at a loss what to do next. What would you do (if you were ) _______ _______ _______?
3). Plastics have _______ _______ _______ _______ many other materials.
4). We use plastics _______ _______ _______ many other materials.
5). While the manager was on holiday, he _______ _______ _______.
答案： 1). in place 2). in my place 3). taken the place of 4). in place of 5). took his/her place
2. in memory of = to the memory of 纪念；追念
[典例]
1). Many ceremonies are in memory of famous people. 很多典礼是为了纪念名人的。
2). The statue was built in memory of the famous scientist. 这个雕像是为了纪念那为有名的科学家而建立的。
[短语归纳] in + n. + of 短语：
in honour of 为了纪念……；向……表示敬意 in praise of 歌颂 in favor of 赞同, 支持
in charge of 负责 in need of 需要in search of 寻找 in possession of 拥有 in place of 代替
[练习] 用in + n. + of构成的词组填空。
1). A monument was set up ______ ______ ______ the dead soldiers.
2). He founded the charity (兴办那项慈善事业)______ ______ ______his late wife.
3). If you are ______ ______ ______ anything, don’ t hesitate to let me know.
4). In the discussion, I was ______ ______ ______ Mr. Li.
答案：1). in memory/honour of 2). in memory of 3). in need of 4). in favor of
3. dress up 盛装；打扮；装饰
[典例]
1). Don’ t bother to dress up. Come as you are. 用不著穿讲究衣服－－就穿平常的衣服来吧。
2). We’re supposed to dress (ourselves) up as movie characters for the party. 我们在晚会上要装扮得像电影中的角色。
[短语归纳] dress短语：
dress up for sth. 为某事而盛装 dress up as sb. 打扮成为某人
be dressed in 穿着(衣服或颜色) dress sb./oneself 给某人或自己穿衣服
[练习] 用dress构成的词组填空。
1). The boy ______ ______ ______ a short pant.
2). He ______ ______ ______ Christmas Father to amuse the children.
3). The kids are too young to ______ ______, so she has to ______ ______ every morning.
答案：1). was dressed in 2). dressed up as 3). dress themselves; dress them
4. play a trick/tricks on 对某人搞恶作剧/诈骗/开玩笑；对某人施计谋
[典例]
The kids are always playing tricks on their teacher. 孩子们老是对他们的老师搞恶作剧。
[短语归纳]
play a joke/jokes on sb. = make fun of sb. 开某人的玩笑 laugh at sb. 嘲笑某人
[练习] 填介词或用所给词的适当形式填空。
1). He was let in by playing a trick _______ (介词) the guard.
2). She hated _______ (play) tricks on in public.
答案：1). on 2). being played
5. look forward to 盼望；期待
[典例]
1). I’m looking forward to seeing you this summer vacation. 我期待暑假见到你。
2). I’ m really looking forward to our vacation. 我盼望着假期早日到来。
[短语归纳] 短语中to是介词，后接名词、代词及动词-ing形式：
lead to导致；通向 object to反对 refer to查阅；提到 stick to粘住；坚持
add to 增加 add up to 总计 compare......to 把……比作 see to 负责，处理
get close to接近；差点 get down to着手做…… get/be used to 习惯于 pay attention to 注意……put an end to 结束，停止 admit to 承认 devote...to 贡献……给；致力于……
[练习] 用所给词的适当形式填空。
1). The boy hurried forward ______ (see) the world-famous oil painting because he had been looking forward to ______ (see) it for a long time.
2). The day I had been looking forward to ______ (come).
3). I used to ______ (get) up late, but now I’ m used to ______ (get) up early.
答案：1). to see; seeing 2). came 3). get; getting
6. turn up 出现；到达；发现；调大(音量等)
[典例]
1). It’ s time for the meeting, but he hasn’ t turned up. 到开会的时间了，但他还没到。
2). Please turn up the radio. I want to listen to the news. 请把收音机音量调大, 我想听听新闻。
[短语归纳] turn 短语：
turn on打开(煤气、自来水、电灯等) turn off 关上 turn down减弱，降低，拒绝
turn around/about 转过身来 turn away 转过头turn out生产，制造；(常与to, that连用)结果是 turn to sb./sth. (for help) 向……求助，查阅
[练习] 用turn词组填空。
1). Don’ t worry. The file is sure to ______ ______.
2). Please ______ the television ______ a bit, I can’ t hear clearly.
3). It ______ ______ that it was Tim who broke the vase.
4). The sad child ___ ______ his mother for comfort.
答案：1). turn up 2). turn; up 3). turned out 4). turned to
7. keep one’ s word (= keep one’ s promise) 守信用；履行诺言
[典例]
He never keeps his word. 他从不履行诺言。
[短语归纳] word短语：
break one’ s word/promise 违背诺言，失信 Word came that… 有消息传说…… leave word 留言，口信 have/say the last word下结论；说了算 have a word with sb. 和某人说几句话 have words with sb. 与某人争吵
take back one’s words 收回自己说过的话 in other words 换句话说，也就是说
in a/one word 总之，简言之 in words 用文字 beyond words 无法用语言表达
[练习] 用word词组填空。
1). His score was only 53. ______ ______ ______, he failed in the exam.
2). Could I ______ ______ ______ with you, Miss Jones?
3). You’ ll find that she is a girl who always ______ ______ ______.
4). ______ ______ _______, I think he’ s a fool.
答案：1). In other words 2). have a word 3). keeps/breaks her word 4). In a word
8. hold one’ s breath 屏息；屏住气
[典例]
1). How long can you hold your breath for? 你能屏住呼吸多久?
2). The audience held its/their breath as the acrobat walked along the tightrope. 杂技演员走钢丝时, 观众都屏住了呼吸。
[短语归纳] breath短语：
(be) out of/short of breath 呼吸急促；喘不过气来；上气不接下气 catch one’ s breath屏住气；歇口气lose one’ s breath 气喘嘘嘘；上气不接下气 get one’ s breath 恢复正常呼吸
waste one’ s breath (on sb/sth)（对某人/某事物）白费唇舌 save one’ s breath不必白费唇舌
[练习] 用breath短语填空。
1). He ______ ______ ______ while the results were read out.
2). They won’ t listen, so don’ t ______ ______ ______ telling them.
3). It’ s useless talking to him. You may as well ______ ______ ______.
4). It took us a few minutes to ______ ______ ______ ______after the race.
5). I’ m a bit ______ ______ ______ after my run.
答案：1). held his breath 2). waste your breath 3). save your breath 4). get our breath back 5). out of breath
8. set off 出发；动身；使爆炸
[典例]
1). What time are you planning to set off tomorrow? 你打算明天几点钟启程?
2). The terrorist set off a bomb in the city centre and killed six people. 恐怖分子在市中心引爆了炸弹，杀害了六个人。
[短语归纳] set短语：
set off for a place 出发到某地 set about doing sth开始（某工作）；着手做某事
set out 从某地出发上路 set out to do sth. 开始做某事
set sth up 摆放或竖起某物；创立，建立 set sth aside 将某事物放在一边；（为某目的）节省或保留钱或时间
[练习] 用set词组填空。
1). The new government must ______ ______ finding solutions to the country’ s economic problems.
2). The children ______ ______ the fireworks in the yard.
3). She ______ ______ a bit of money every month.
4). They ______ ______a statue in honor of the