人教版新课标2019年高三英语高考专项语法填空冲刺练习2word版含答案详解.docx

语法填空冲刺练习
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
1
One morning, I was waiting at the bus stop, worried about 36.________ (be) late for school.
There were many people waiting at the bus stop, 37.________ some of them looked very anxious and 38.________ (disappoint). When the bus finally came, we all hurried on board. I got a place next 39.________ the window, so I had a good view of the sidewalk. A boy on a bike 40.________ (catch) my attention. He was riding beside the bus and waving his arms. I heard a passenger behind me shouting to the driver, but he refused 41.________ (stop) until we reached the next stop. Still, the boy kept 42.________ (ride). He was carrying something over his shoulder and shouting.
Finally, when we came to the next stop, the boy ran up to the door of the bus. I heard an excited conversation. Then the driver stood up and asked, “Did anyone lose 43._______ suitcase at the last stop？” A woman on the bus shouted, “Oh, dear! It's 44.________(I)．” She pushed her way to the driver and took the suitcase thankfully. Everyone on the bus began talking about what the boy had done and the crowd of strangers 45.______ (sudden) became friendly to one another

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Eating habits are different in different countries. The Chinese have a 36._____ (say): “Eat good things for breakfast, eat a big meal for lunch, but eat 37.______ (little) at dinner.” Many Americans agree that one should start the day with a good breakfast, 38.________ their ideas about lunch and dinner are 39.________ (difference)．
Most Americans only give 40.___ (they) a short time for lunch. So they eat a small lunch. After work they will have more time to eat a big dinner. Also a quiet dinner at home with all the family 41.____ (talk) about their day is a way to take 42._____ good rest after a long hard day of work.
Eating at restaurants 43._____ (be) also different. In China, people like to talk and laugh while eating. Very often you can hear people talking and laughing 44.____ (loud), and they are just having a good time. In America it is not like this. They want a quiet place 45._____ they can eat a good meal far away from the noises of the outside world.

3
Habits, whether good or bad, are gradually formed. When a person does a certain thing again, he 1.________(drive) by an unseen force to do the same thing repeatedly; then a habit is formed. 2.________a habit is formed, it is difficult, and sometimes 3.________(possible) to get rid of. It is therefore very important that we pay great attention to the formation of habits.
Children often form bad habits, some of 4.________ remain with them as long as they live. 5.________ (lazy), lying, stealing and so on are all easily­formed bad habits. 6.________， there are many other habits formed in early life that are of great help. Many successful men say that their success has something 7.________ (do) with certain habits in early life, 8.________ early rising and honesty. We should keep 9.________from all the bad habits and try to form such habits as it will be good 10.________ ourselves and others.

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Dirty water rose in wells and canals before the earthquake. But no one judged that an earthquake was coming. 1.________ (sudden), everything shook. It seemed as if the world was 2.________ an end. Millions of brick houses and a number of dams 3.________ (destroy). Railway tracks became useless bars. Pipes in mines burst and let 4.________ smelly steam. Huge cracks trapped cyclists everywhere.
The next day, this event was the headline or main title of all newspapers. With the reporters 5.__ (give) an outline of the disaster, the whole nation was shocked by the damage and the victims' extreme suffering. People were moved 6.________ they read that the 7.________ (survive) comforted each other by saying “Congratulations! You survived！”. So they not only expressed their sympathy sincerely, but also organized together 8.________ (help) the victims right away. The injured were rescued and the dead 9.________ (be) buried. The 10.________ (frighten) survivors were dug out from under the ruins and were offered shelter, fresh water and electricity. Thanks to people's help, the loss was minimized.

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Nelson Mandela, born in Transkei, South Africa, 1.________ (be) President of South Africa. He graduated 2.________ the University of Fort Hare and the University of Witwatersrand. In 1944, he joined the African National Congress. He helped many people in his life. Here is the story about 3.________ he helped a black worker, Elias.
Mandela used to be a 4.________ (law) to whom Elias went for advice and help and he was generous with his time, for which Elias was grateful. Elias had little education, so he could not read 5. ________ write well. Mandela helped him stay in Johannesburg and he became more hopeful about his future. Elias helped Mandela blow up some government buildings, even though it was very 6.________ (danger). When Elias was put in prison, where he spent the hardest time of his life, again he got help from Mandela.
Because of the use of violent actions, Mandela 7. ________ (sentence) to life imprisonment. During his years in prison, he began a school for the prisoners and the prison guards, 8.________ had little learning. Mandela's reputation grew greatly. He was accepted as the most important black leader in South Africa. Nelson Mandela was released on February 18, 1990. After his release, he devoted 9.________ (he) to his life work, 10.________ (try) to achieve the goals he and others had set out almost forty years earlier. In 1991, Mandela was elected President of the ANC.

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I climbed Kilimanjaro with Lava Expeditions during the rainy season.
I 1.______ (fly) to Nairobi in Kenya and spent several days there. At my hotel in Nairobi I met the rest of the group with whom I would spend the next week. We all travelled on the bus together for 2._______8­hour journey into Tanzania and then Arusha, a quiet town.
After we arrived at our hotel in Arusha, we had dinner and a few drinks. Then we 3._____ (introduce) to more members including Taddeus Minja, the main guide, 4._______ was very experienced—climbing Kilimanjaro runs through the generations of 5._______ (he) family.
The next day the Lava Expeditions members checked if we had the correct and enough clothing for our expedition on Kilimanjaro. Only one person needed to bring 6.________(many) clothes.
After that we set off, 7.________ (walk) in the rain through the beauty of the rainforest, all the way to the first camp. I was happy the next few days as the view was so wonderful and changed every day. I suffered a little during the trip and I felt so tired. But the members of Lava Expeditions provided me with lots of encouragement, which was one of the best 8._______(memory). Finally we reached the top of Kilimanjaro in bright blue skies.
I felt excited about climbing Kilimanjaro and the feeling didn't change during my trip. The fellow members of Lava Expeditions looked 9.____me so well that I was 10.____ (deep) thankful for their help

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Everyone likes to have friends 1.________ are trustworthy. When what we say matches what we do, we earn trust and friendship. On the contrary (与此相反), once we break our word, nobody will ever trust 2.________(we) again. For example, if you are 3.________ untrustworthy worker, you are less likely to get a promotion. Therefore, the 4.________ (important) of keeping one's word cannot be stressed too much.
I once had the unpleasant experience of someone breaking his promise to me. Last month, everyone in my class had to gather at school 5.________ 6：30 am for our 6.________ (graduate) trip. My friend Ben asked me 7.________ (meet) him at McDonald's at six, but he never showed up. I was 8.________ (depress) that when I called him, he told me he was already at school. I 9.________ (rush) straight there, but all my classmates still blamed me for delaying the trip. After that, I ended my friendship with Ben because I don't need 10.________ (friend) who can't keep their word.

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Friendship is one of the most important things in everyone's life. 36.________is very difficult to find a better definition (定义) of friendship. A true friend is the person 37.________can share all our sadness and double all our happiness. In time of trial (尝试), he or she is always at our side to give us his or her help and comfort. Knowing how 38.________(value) friendship is, we should be very careful with our choice of a friend. We should choose those people with a good character 39.________our friends, but we must try to avoid 40.________(make) friends with a bad man. Besides, we should forgive their mistakes and try to help them as much as possible.
A true friend can always 41.________(trust), loved and respected. If you tell a friend your secrets, he or she won't tell 42.________(other). Friends share their joys and sorrows. They help each other when they are 43.________ trouble, and cheer each other up when they are sad. 44.________most important thing is that a friend always understands you.

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So why has English changed over time? Actually all languages change and develop 1.________cultures meet and communicate with each other. At first the English spoken in England between about AD 450 and 1150 was very different 2.________the English spoken today. 3.________was based more on German than the English we speak at present. Then 4.________(gradual) between about AD 800 and 1150, English became less like German because those 5.________ruled England spoke first Danish and later French. These new 6.________(settle) enriched the English language and especially its vocabulary. So by the 1600's Shakespeare was able to make use of 7.________wider vocabulary than ever before. In 1620 some British settlers moved to America. Later in the 18th century some British people 8.________(take) to Australia too. English began to be spoken in both countries.
Today the number of people 9.________(learn) English in China is increasing rapidly. 10.________fact, China may have the largest number of English learners. Will Chinese English develop its own identity? Only time will tell.

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People 36.________(live) in different countries made different kinds of words. Today there are about fifteen hundred 37.________(language) in the world. Each contains many thousands of words. A very large dictionary, for example, contains four 38.________five hundred thousand words. But we do not need 39.________ these. To read short stories you need to know only about two thousand words. 40.________you leave school, you will learn only one thousand or more.
The words you know are called your vocabulary. You should try to make your vocabulary 41.________(big). Read as many books as we can. There are a lot of books 42.________(write) in easy English. You will enjoy them. When you meet 43.________new word, look it 44.________in your dictionary. Your dictionary is your 45.________(much) useful book
答案
1
文章大意 作者乘坐公交车时遇到了一件感人的事。
36．being　考查非谓语动词。about是介词，后面的动词要用动名词形式，所以应该用being。
37．and　考查连词。连接上一句和本句，而这两个分句之间并没有转折、因果、让步等含义，故用and连接。
38．disappointed　考查词性转换。and前面的anxious是形容词，所以应该用形容词disappointed。
39．to　考查短语搭配。与next搭配的介词是to，next to贴近，紧挨着。
40．caught　考查动词的时态。根据one morning以及上下文可知此处应该用一般过去时，catch为不规则动词，其过去式为caught。
41．to stop　考查非谓语动词。refuse to do sth拒绝做某事，故填to stop。
42．riding　考查非谓语动词。keep doing sth一直做某事，所以应该用riding。
43．a　考查冠词。此处用不定冠词，泛指“一个箱子”。
44．mine　考查名词性物主代词。此处代指“我的箱子”，故填mine。
45．suddenly　考查副词。修饰动词的应该为副词，所以用suddenly

2
36.saying　37.less　38.but　39. different　40. themselves
41. talking　42.a　43.is　44. loudly　45.where

3
1.is driven　2.Once/When/After　3.impossible　4.which　5. Laziness
6．However　7. to do　8.like　9.away　10.for

4
文章大意本文描述了地震中和地震后的情景。
1．Suddenly　考查副词。suddenly突然之间。
2．at　考查固定短语。at an end 结束，终结。
3．were destroyed　考查时态和语态。主语与动词destroy之间是被动的关系，并且表示的是过去的动作，因此用一般过去时的被动结构。
4．out　考查副词。let out 意为“发出，放出”，与后面的smelly steam相搭配。
5．giving　考查with的复合结构。the reporters 和动词give之间是主动的关系，因此用v.­ing。
6．when　考查连词。前后两个句子是完整的句子，并且表示的是时间，因此用when连接。
7．survivors　考查名词。表示“那些幸存者”，因此用名词复数。
8．to help　考查不定式。不定式表示目的。
9．were　考查主谓一致。“the＋形容词”表示一类人，因此谓语动词用复数。
10．frightened　考查非谓语动词。这是指“那些被吓坏的幸存者”，修饰人，用v.­ed形式

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文章大意 本文主要讲述了南非总统曼德拉的生平事迹。
1．was　考查动词。本文讲述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时，主语Nelson Mandela是第三人称单数。故填was。
2．from　考查介词。graduate from意为“从……毕业”，是常用搭配。故填from。
3．how　考查连词。句意：这里是一个关于他如何帮助一个黑人工人Elias的故事。“…he helped a black worker, Elias.”是宾语从句，句子成分齐全，根据语境用how引导，how意为“如何，怎样”，是副词，作状语。故填how。
4．lawyer　考查名词。句意：曼德拉过去是一个律师，有不定冠词修饰，用单数。故填lawyer。
5．or　考查连词。根据“Elias had little education…”可知，Elias几乎没有受过教育，因此他不太会读或者写。or“或者”，表示选择。故填or。
6．dangerous　考查形容词。句意：Elias帮助曼德拉炸掉一些政府建筑，尽管那样做是很危险的。be动词后跟形容词构成系表结构，作表语用形容词。故填dangerous。
7．was sentenced　考查动词。句意：因为暴力行为，曼德拉被判处终身监禁。sentence是谓语动词，与主语Mandela是被动关系，讲述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时，且主语是第三人称单数。故填was sentenced。
8．who　考查定语从句。“…had little learning”是定语从句，修饰the prisoners and the prison guards，先行词指人，关系词在从句中作主语，that不能引导非限制性定语从句，故用关系代词who。
9．himself　考查代词。句意：在他被释放以后，他致力于他终生的工作，努力实现他和其他人差不多40年前设置的目标。devote oneself to something“致力于，献身于”是常用搭配。故填himself。
10．trying　考查非谓语动词。“…to achieve the goals he and others had set out almost forty years earlier作状语，与其逻辑主语he之间是主动关系，且与谓语动词devote同时进行，现在分词表示主动。故填trying

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文章大意 本文作者记叙了自己登上乞力马扎罗山的经历。
1．flew　考查时态。本文描述的是发生在过去的动作，因此用一般过去时。
2．an　考查冠词。8­hour读音是以元音音素开头的，并且这里表示“一个8小时旅程”，因此用an。
3．were introduced　考查语态。“我们”是被介绍给别人的，因此用被动语态。
4．who　考查关系代词。非限制性定语从句，先行词表示人，因此用who。
5．his　考查代词。“他的家庭”用物主代词his。
6．more　考查比较级。此处表示“更多的”，因此用more。
7．walking　考查非谓语动词。v.­ing作伴随状语。
8．memories　考查名词复数。 “one of＋复数名词”表示“……之一”。
9．after　考查固定短语。look after照顾，照料。
10．deeply　考查副词。副词修饰形容词thankful

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1．who/that　2.us　3.an　4.importance　5.at　
6. graduation　7.to meet　8.depressed　9.rushed　10.friends

8
36．It　考查代词it的用法和固定句型。“It is/was＋adj. (of/ for sb) to do sth.”是个固定句型。
37．who/that　考查限制性定语从句。此处修饰the person，故用who或that。
38．valuable　考查句子结构辨析和词形转换。此处how引导know的宾语从句，空格处用作is的表语(有价值的)，故用其形容词形式。
39．as　考查句意理解和介词用法。此处意为“作为”我们的朋友。
40．making　考查固定搭配和非谓语动词用法。avoid(避免)后接动名词形式。
41．be trusted　考查句子语态。friend与trust之间是动宾关系，此处需要使用被动语态。
42．others　考查句意理解和代词用法。句意：他/她不会告诉其他人的。
43．in　考查句意理解和介词搭配。in trouble意为“处于困境(麻烦)中”。
44．The　考查形容词最高级和冠词用法。此处使用了形容词的最高级，需要定冠词the。
45．when　考查状语从句引导词。此处意为“当你交了一个好朋友时，……”

9
1．when　2.from　3.It　4.gradually　5.who
6．settlers　7.a　8.were taken　
9．learning　10.In

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【文章大意】 世界上不同国家的人们创造了很多种语言，目前世界上大约有1 500种，而每种语言又有数千个词汇，我们怎样才能增加词汇量呢？
36．living　考查现在分词用法。句中的made用作句子谓语；people与live是主谓关系，故用其现在分词形式作后置定语。
37．languages　考查可数名词复数。language是可数名词，前有fifteen hundred修饰，需要用其复数形式。
38．or　考查连词用法。此处表达“四五十万”的大概数量。
39．all　考查代词用法。句意：然而，所有的这些词汇我们不是都需要。
40．Before　考查连词用法。在你毕业之前，你将只学会1 000词或稍多一些。
41．bigger　考查形容词比较级。句意：你应该努力使你的词汇量更大。
42．written　考查过去分词用法。在“there be”结构中的动词都要使用非谓语形式；此处的books与write之间是动宾关系，故要使用其过去分词形式作后置定语。
43．a　考查冠词用法。句意：每当你遇到一个新单词，你可以在字典中查一下。
44．up　考查常用搭配。look up是固定短语，意为“查阅”。
45．most　考查最高级。句意：你的字典是你最有用的书