常用无机化合物俗名化学名对照表.doc

常用无机化合物俗名化学名对照表(含英文名)

一画
乙炔黑C，用乙炔制的碳黑 acetylene black
二画
十字石  Fe(OH)2·(Al2SiO5)2  /staurolite/lapis crucifer/
三画
干冰  固态CO2   /carbon ice/drikold=dry ice/solidified carbon dioxide/
大苏打 海波 硫代硫酸钠 Na2S2O3·5H2O  /sodium thiosulfate/
小苏打 NaHCO3  baking soda / dicarbonate/sodium hydrogen carbonate/天然小苏打 nahcolite/
四画
文石    CaCO3   /aragonite
王水    1:3的浓硝酸和浓盐酸  aqua regia/chlor(o)azotic acid/chloronitric acide/nitrohydrochloric acid/nitro-muriatic acid
水晶  SiO2 /rock crystal/mountain crystal/
水玻璃  Na2SiO3  /sodium slicate/water glass/solube glass/
水银   汞/quicksilver/argentum virum/mercury/
方解石  CaCO3 /tiff/limespar/glass tiff/galenite/calcspar/calcite/caliza/calcareous spar/
火碱  烧碱 NaOH/caustic soda/sodium hydroxide/
火硝  KNO3 /potassium nitrate/
贝状重晶石  BaSO4 /barite/barytin/barytes/bolognian phosphorus/bolognian /stone/ native sulfate of bariu/ heavy
spar/cawk/litheosphorus/tiff/
气黑  C,由天然气制的炭黑  /gas black/
双氧水  H2O2 /perhydrol/oxydol/
升汞  HgCl2  /sublimate/corrosive mercuric chloride/corrosive sublimate/mercury bichloride/mercuric chloride/
水煤气  氢+一氧化碳  /water gas/
五画
石英    SiO2 /rock quartz/quartz/
打火石   SiO2  /flintstone/flint
石灰    CaO /lime/
石棉    碳酸钙镁  CaO3·MgO·4SiO2 /asbestos/
石灰石    CaCO3 /chalkstone/fluxlime/lime rock/limestone/
石墨       碳 /graphite/stove black/black lead/mineral carbon/mineral black/ Flanders stone/ pot lead/plumbago/
甘汞    Hg2Cl2 /calomel/mercurous chloride/
电石    CaC2  /acetylene stones/acetylith/calcium carbide/
生石灰    CaO /qiuck lime/unslaked lime/burned lime/calk/calcium lime/lump lime/
生石膏    CaSO4·2H2O /salt lime/ hydrous calcium sulfate/mineral white/parget/gypsum/gypse/montmartrite/land plaster/lapis
speculaaris/
石灰乳   Ca(OH)2  /lime cream/lime milk/milk of lime/
立德粉    BaSO4与ZnS混和 /zinc sulfide white/zinc baryta white/lithopone/crypton/Orr''s(zinc) white/rubberlith/
汉白玉    CaCO3为主
白玉     刚玉 红宝石  Al2O3 /white jade/
白磷     P4 /yello phosphorus/white phosphorus/
白炭黑      轻质SiO2 /white carbon/
白矾      ZnSO4·7H2O /white alum/
白金      铂  Pt /platinum/white gold/
发烟硫酸   含游离SO3的硫酸 /fuming sulfuric acid/fuming oil of votriol/Nordhausen acid/oleum/
六画
次亚硫酸钠  五水合硫代硫酸钠 海波  Na2S2O3·5H2O /hypo/
芒硝、朴硝    Na2SO4·10H2O /sal glauberi/sal mirabile/salt-cake/Glauber salt/mirabilite/
吐酒石    半水合酒石酸氧锑钾 K(SbO)C4H4O6·1/2H2O /antimonyl potassium/tartar emetic/
朱砂    HgS /cinnabar/
灯黑    C,由重油等制成的碳黑 /lamp black/
冰晶石    3NaF·AlF3 /cryolite/
灰锰氧    高锰酸钾 /potassium hypermanganate/potassium permanganate/
尖晶石   MgO·Al2O3 /spinel(le)/
吊白块   见雕白块 /formaldehyde sodium sulfoxylate/
七画
辰砂   HgS /cinnabar/
苏打   Na2CO3 /sal soda/soda salt/
黄血盐 亚铁氰化钾 /potussium ferrocyanide/
赤血盐  K3Fe(CN)6 /potassium ferricyanide/red prussiate of potash/
赤血盐钠  Na3Fe(CN)6·H2O /red prussiate of soda/
赤铁矿       Fe2O3 /hematite/
玛瑙    SiO2 /agate/
吸铁石  Fe3O4 /ferriferrous oxide/ferroferric oide/
鸡血石  Al2(Si4O10)(OH)2，珍贵红色的昌化石 /bloodstone/heliotrope/
鸡冠石、雄黄  As2S2或As4S4 /arsenic disulfide/
纯碱   无水碳酸钠 /anhydrous sodium carbonate/
八画
苛性钠  NaOH /caustic soda/sodium hydroxide/
苛性钾  KOH /caustic potash/
明矾  KAl(SO4)2·12H2O /potassium aluminium sulfate/white alum/aluminium potassium sulfate/alum/
沸石、泡沸石  亦称分子筛 NaAlSi2O6·H2O  /zeolite/zeolum/barrer minerals/
波尔多液 碱式硫酸铜+水  Cu(OH)2·CuSO4+H2O  /bordeaux turpentine/bouillie bordelaise/
泡花碱、水玻璃  Na2SiO3  /sodium slicate/water glass/solube glass
青石 CuSO4· 5H2O  /celestine/
泻盐、泻利盐  MgSO4·7H2O /bitter salt/ sal epsom/Epsom salt/
金粉  由Cu与少量Zn、Al、Sn等制成的金色颜料
金刚砂 碳化硅 SiC  /carborundum/emery/silicon carbide/
九画
草碱  K2CO3（不纯）/soap ashes/pulverin/barilla/
砒霜  As2O3 /arsenous oxide/arsenic white/ white arsenic/
洗涤碱  Na2CO3·10H2O
食盐  NaCl /common salt/dairy salt/table salt/salt/sal fossile/sal communis/sodium chloride/celery salt/evaporated
salt/kitchen salt/
重石  钨酸钙 CaWO4
重晶石 BaSO4 硫酸钡 /barite/barytin/barytes/bolognian phosphorus/bolognian stone/ native sulfate of bariu/ heavy
spar/cawk/litheosphorus/tiff
钟乳石  CaCO3
炭黑  C  /cabrbon black/
保险粉  Na2S2O4  /hydros/sodium hydrosulfide/
钛白粉  二氧化钛 TiO2 /titanium pigment/
胆矾 五水合硫酸铜 /blue copperas/bluestone/blue vitriol/chalcanthite/
十画
高岭土  二水合硅酸铝 Al2O3 ·2SiO2·2H2O /kaolin/
莫尔盐  (NH4)2SO4·FeSO4·6H2O /Mohr''s salt/
钻石   C（金刚石）diamond
铅丹   Pb3O4  /mineral orange/read lead/minium/lead read/lead oxide red/lead tetroxide/
铁黑、氧化铁黑  Fe3O4 /iron oxide black/currier''s ink/prussian black/tri-iron tetroxide/
铁黄 Fe2O3·H2O /iron(oxide yello)/ ferrite yello/yello oxide/
祖母绿  Be3Al2(Si6O18)
海波  五水合硫代硫酸钠 Na2S2O3·5H2O /hypo/
消石灰  Ca(OH)2 /lime hydrate/lime hydroxide/
桔铬黄  碱式铬酸铅 PbCrO4·PbO
烧碱    NaOH  /caustic soda/sodium hydroxide/
铂黑 极细的铂粉 /platinum black/
笑气 一氧化二氮N2O /dental gas/ laughing gas/
陶土 二水合硅酸铝 Al2O3·2SiO2·2H2O /bolus/aluminum flakes/kaolin/clay/ china clay/ plastic clay/pottery clay/ potter''s
earth/soft clay/
密陀僧 PbO /yello lead/yello lead oxide/lithargite/lead monoxide/lead oxide/litharge/
萤石 氟化钙 CaF2 /fluorspar/fluorite/ Derbyshire spar/
黄铜矿 CuFeS2 /pyrite copper ore/yello copper/yello ore/chalcopyrite/copperpyrite/
黄铁矿 二硫化铁 FeS2 /iron pyrite/kies/mundic/fool''s gold/pyrite/
硅灰石 天然硅酸钙 CaSiO3 /stellite/wollastonite/scale stone/
硅胶 硅藻土 水合二氧化硅 SiO2·nH2O /white black/blangel/kiese gel/
十一画
铬黄  铬酸铅 PbCrO4 /yello chrome/chrome yello/lemon chrome yello/
铬绿  三氧化二铬 Cr2O3
黄血盐  K4Fe(CN)6  /potassium ferrocyanide/yello prussiate of potash/
铜绿  Cu2(OH)2CO3 /blue verditer/aerugo/copper green/ventilation breather/verditer green/
银粉  Al粉（颜料），Ag粉（电气业）
铬红  PbCrO4·PbO /basic lead chromate/red chrome/Persian red/chrome red/
铬绿  PbCrO4与Fe4 [Fe(CN)6]3混合而成的颜料 /chrome green/deby red/chrome red/Milori green/
绿矾  FeSO4·7H2O /green vitriol/ copperas green copperas/iron copperas/
十二画
硬石膏  CaSO4 /salt lime/hydrous calcium sulfate/mineral white/parget/gypsum/montmartrite/land plaster/lapis specularis/
硝石、焰硝  KNO3 /potassium nitrate/ saltpeter/ nitre/niter/
雄黄  As2S2或As4S4 /red arsenic glass/red orpoment/sandarach/arsenic disulfide/
锌铬黄  ZnCrO4·Zn(OH)2 /zinc yellow/zinc chromium/zinc-chrome yellow/
锌钡白  BaSO4与ZnS的混合物 /Orr''s (zinc) white/lithopone/zinc sulfide white/zinc baryta white/chariton white/crypton/enamel
white/
锌白、锌氧粉  ZnO /zinc white/white zinc/chinese white/
普鲁士蓝  Fe4[Fe(CN)6]3·nH2O /Berlin blue/bearing blue/bronze blue/Prussian blue/paste blue/
普鲁士红 氧化铁 Fe2O3 /mummy/
硝石 硝酸钾  /potassium nitrate/saltpeter/nitre/niter/
智利硝石  NaNO3 /cubic niter/Chile nitrate/chile saltpeter/chile nitre/nitratine/soda nitrate/sodium nitre/
滑石  Mg3(Si4O10)(OH)2或3MgO·4SiO2·H2O /talcum/talc/white rock/French chalk/steatite/stertite/
黑火药 硝石(75%)硫(10%) 木炭(15%)的混合物
十三画
雷汞  Hg(ONC)2 雷酸汞 /mercury fulminate/mercuric fulminate/
蓝矾  CuSO4·5H2O /blue coppers/chalcanthite/Salzburg vitriol/
蒙脱石  Al2(Si4O10)(OH)2·nH2O /ascanite/montmorillonite/ japan clay/
蒙脱土  montmorillonite
硼砂  Na2B4O7·10H2O /borax/zala/sodium borate/sodium tetraborate/tinkal/ sal sedatirum/
十四画
雌黄  As2S3 /yello arsenic/arsenic trisulfide/arsenic orange/arsenblende/orpiment/
漂白粉  氯化次氯酸钙 CaCl(ClO) /bleaching powder/calcium bleach/chloride of lime/chlorinated lime/calcium oxychloride/
翡翠 硅酸铝钠 NaAlSi2O6 /green emerald/
十五画以上
镉红  CdS与CdSe /selenium cadmium pigment/ red cadmium/cadmium red/
镉黄  CdS与BaSO4  /orient yellow/cadmium yellow/
燧石  SiO2  /petrosilex/silex/chert/flint/
熟石灰 氢氧化钙 Ca(OH)2 /slaked lime/hydrated lime/lime hydrate/lime hydroxide/
熟石膏 CaSO4·1/2H2O /plaster of Paris/casting plaster/calcined gypsum/plaster/
膨润土 Al2O3·4SiO2·H2O /colloidal clay/bentonite/bentonite clay/otaylite/starching clay/wilkinite/
雕白块 水合甲醛次硫酸氢钠 NaHSO2·CH2O·H2O /formaldehyde sodium sulfoxylate/
霰石 CaCO3  /aragonite/