高中英语词法之动词考点笔记总结.pdf

1 高中英语词法之动词考点笔记总结高中英语词法之动词考点笔记总结 单选题 1、He is _ the army.Aold enough to joinBenough old to join Cold enough to join inDenough old to join in 答案：A 解析：考查动词（短语）和固定句式。句意：他到了参军的年龄。join 指“加入某个党派或社会团体，从而成为该党派或团体的一员”；join in 意思是“参加某项运动或活动”，join the army 表示“参军”，be+adj+enough to do，表示“足够以能够做某事”，故选 A。小提示：2、Jennifer was not _ in the study,which made her mum worried.AinvolvedBrespondedCinspiredDpersuaded 答案：A 解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：詹妮弗没有参与这项研究，这让她的妈妈很担心。A.involved 参与；B.responded回答；C.inspired 激励；D.persuaded 劝。根据句意及所给句子可知，此处是固定短语 be involved in“参与”。故选 A。3、After the guests left,she spent as much time as she could _ the rooms.Atidy upBto clear awayCclear awayDtidying up 答案：D 解析：2 考查固定搭配。句意：在客人离开后，她花了尽可能多的时间打扫房间。根据句型分析，句中 as.as she could为固定短语表示“尽她可能”，除去这固定短语搭配后，可以看出另一个固定搭配 spend time(in)doing sth 表“花时间做某事”。所以应填动名词做介词 in 后宾语。故选 D 项。4、The Somali robbers frequent attacks on the sea urged the United Nations to _ all nations to take immediate action.Afight forBapply forCcall onDwait on 答案：C 解析：考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：索马里强盗频繁在海上袭击，这促使联合国呼吁所有国家立即采取行动。A.fight for 为而战；为而奋斗；B.apply for 申请；C.call on 号召；呼吁；D.wait on 伺候；招待。结合前文“The Somali robbers frequent attacks on the sea(索马里强盗频繁在海上袭击)”可知，出现了危机，由此可推知，联合国号召所有国家对此采取应对措施。故选 C 项。5、She has been _ herself with the welfare of the homeless since she retired from her business.AdevotingBstickingCoccupyingDsupporting 答案：C 解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：自从她从生意上退休后，她一直忙于为无家可归的人谋福利。A.devoting 奉献；B.sticking 坚持；C.occupying 占领，使忙碌；D.supporting 支持。动词短语：occupy oneself with“忙于，从事”是固定搭配，符合句意。故选 C 项。6、There will be much joy in family reunion dinners,as elders have the chance to_,and see_the wonder of the festive season through the eyes of younger generations.Areconnect awakeBreflect aflame Crelate afreshDreminisce anew 3 答案：D 解析：考查动词、形容词和副词词义辨析。句意：在团圆饭中会有很多欢乐，因为老人们有机会回忆，并通过年轻一代的眼睛重新看到节日的奇迹。A.reconnect 再联合，再连接 awake 醒着的；B.reflect 反思，反应，反射 aflame 涨红了脸，发亮地；C.relate 使有联系 afresh 重新开始；D.reminisce 回忆，追忆 anew 重新，再。根据句意可知，第一空处指老人们有机会追忆节日的氛围，用 reminisce 符合题意；第二空用副词 anew 修饰动词see，表示通过年轻一代的眼睛重新看到节日的奇迹。故选 D。7、The athletes years of hard training _ when she finally won the Olympic gold medal.Awent onBended upCgot throughDpaid off 答案：D 解析：考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：当她最终赢得了奥运会金牌时，这位运动员多年的艰苦训练终于获得了回报。A.went on 继续（做）；B.ended up 最终，结果；C.got through（设法）处理，完成；D.paid off 得到回报，得到好结果。根据句意可知，这位运动员最终赢得了奥运会金牌，由此可知，她多年的艰苦训练获得了回报，“paid off”意为“得到回报，得到好结果”，符合句意。故选 D 项。8、He ran away when the policeman _.Aturned upBturned downCturned awayDturned on 答案：A 解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：警察一出现，他就跑了。A.turned up 出现；B.turned down 拒绝；C.turned away 转过脸去；D.turned on 打开。根据上文“when the policeman”指警察出现，应用 turn up。故选 A。9、_computer games is unhealthy and wastes you lots of time.ABe addicted toBBeing addicted to 4 CBe used toDBeing used to 答案：B 解析：考查动名词和短语辨析。句意：沉迷于电脑游戏是不健康的，会浪费你大量的时间。Be addicted to“沉迷”；be used to“习惯于”。分析句子可知，空处是主语用动名词形式，排除 A、C 项，根据句意，沉迷电脑游戏是不健康的且浪费时间的，用 be addicted to，故选 B。10、In 1881,a small Vietnamese town suffered a terrible typhoon that caused severe flood and _ up to 300,000 lives.AforecastBclaimedCsufferedDstretched 答案：B 解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：1881 年，越南的一个小镇遭遇了可怕的台风，造成了严重的洪水，夺走了多达 30万人的生命。A.forecast 预测；B.claimed 使丧生；C.suffered 遭受；D.stretched 延伸。根据“caused severe flood,up to 300,000 lives”可知，夺走了多达 30 万人的生命。故选 B 项。11、A fire _ in his car,which made it _ on the way.Abroke out;broken downBbroke out;break down Cbroken out;broken downDbroke down;break out 答案：B 解析：考查时态和动词短语辨析。句意：他的车起火了，在路上抛锚了。由上文“A fire”可知，第一空表示着火，应用短语 break out，意为“突然发生；爆发”，句子描述的是过去的事，应用一般过去时，所以第一空应用 broke out；第二空表示“车坏了”，应用固定搭配 break down，意为“（机器、车辆等）发生故障”，且 make sb./sth.do 是固定搭配，表示“使做”，所以第二空应用 break down，故选 B。5 12、Children shouldnt have access to violent films because they might _ the things they see.AindicateBinvestigateCinnovateDimitate 答案：D 解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：孩子们不应该接触暴力电影，因为他们可能会模仿他们所看到的东西。A.indicate指示；B.investigate 调查；C.innovate 改革；D.imitate 模仿。根据“the things they see”及常识可知，孩子会模仿他们看到的行为。故选 D。13、Take these pills 3 times a day for 3 days.If the pain continues,_ your doctor.AconfirmBconsultCconvinceDconcern 答案：B 解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：这些药一天 3 次，吃 3 天。如果还疼，咨询你的医生。A.confirm v.证实，确认；B.consult v.咨询；C.convince v.使相信 v.说服；D.concern v.涉及 v.关心。根据句意可知，此处是指“咨询”医生。故选 B。14、Though his classmates are all ahead of him,he is studying very hard to _ them.Acatch upBcatch up withCcatch hold ofDcatch sight of 答案：B 解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：虽然他的同学都在他前面，但他学习很努力，以便赶上他们。A.catch up 打听，别后叙谈，追赶；B.catch up with 赶上；C.catch hold of 抓住，拥有；D.catch sight of 看见。根据上文“Though his classmates are all ahead of him,he is studying very hard to”指赶上同学，应用 catch up with。故选 B。15、I dont believe what you said,but if you can prove it,you may be able to _ me.6 AconvinceBconfirmCguaranteeDinform 答案：A 解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不相信你说的话，但如果你能证明的话，也许能说服我。A.convince 说服；B.confirm 确认；C.guarantee 保证；D.inform 告知。根据空前“but if you can prove it”可知，如果你能证明你说的话，你可以说服我，所以空处需用动词 convince。故选 A。16、Ive passed the exam!You _ it.Youve been working so hard.AneedBbelieveCdeserveDtry 答案：C 解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：我通过了考试。这是你应得的。你学习一直很努力。A.need 需要；B.believe 相信；C.deserve 值得，应得；D.try 尝试。根据空后文“Youve been working so hard.”可知，因为一直努力学习，所以通过考试是应得的。故选 C。17、Tom is _ a team that is looking for a football player.Atrying out forBtrying out asCtrying on forDtrying on as 答案：A 解析：考查固定短语。句意：汤姆正在参加一个正在寻找足球运动员的队的选拔。根据后文 a team 可知，此处指参加选拔，应用 try out for；try out 表示“试验”，后面不跟 as；try on 表示“试穿”，均不符合语境。故选 A。18、As we all know,success lies in hard work while laziness _failure.Aturns outBleads toCresults fromDconcentrates on 7 答案：B 解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们都知道，成功在于努力，而懒惰导致失败。A.turns out 结果是；B.leads to 导致；C.results from 由于；D.concentrates on 集中精力于。根据前后文语境“success lies in hard work while laziness _failure”可知，懒惰导致失败，应用 lead to。故选 B。19、To avoid costly mistakes,we wont make a decision until everyone _ at the meeting.Amakes a markBmakes a changeChas a quarrelDhas a say 答案：D 解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：为了避免代价高昂的错误，我们要等到每个人在会上都有发言权后才作出决定。A.makes a mark 做记号；B.makes a change 进行改变；C.has a quarrel 吵架；D.has a say 有发言权。由“we wont make a decision until everyone _ at the meeting”可知，句子表示“我们要等到每个人在会上都有发言权后才作出决定”，空格处意为“有发言权”，故选 D。20、Eighty dollars _ enough for the skirt.AisBareChasDhave 答案：A 解析：考查动词词义辨析和主谓一致。句意：买这条裙子要八十美元。be 表示“是”，have 表示“有”，此处表示“是”，排除 C 项和 D 项；主语“Eighty dollars”作为整体，表示单数概念，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故选 A。21、Its hard for traditional book stores to with large bookstore chains.AcompeteBcompleteCcommitDconsist 答案：A 8 解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：传统书店很难与大型连锁书店竞争。A.compete 竞争；B.complete 使完整；C.commit 忠于；D.consist 由组成。固定搭配 compete with“与竞争”，根据句意，traditional book stores 与large bookstore chains 存在竞争关系。故选 A。22、Dont _ to let me know if there is anything I can do for you.AthrillBhesitateCoweDthreaten 答案：B 解析：考查动词。句意：如果有什么需要我帮忙的，请不要犹豫，尽管告诉我。A.thrill 害怕；B.hesitate 犹豫；C.owe 欠；D.threaten 威胁。根据句意可知，此处表达“有什么困难，尽管找我帮忙，不要犹豫（hesitate）”。固定搭配 dont hesitate to do，表示“不要犹豫做”。故选 B 项。23、Who will you _the article into Japanese?Ahave translatedBhave translateChave to translateDhave translating 答案：B 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：你让谁把这篇文章翻译成日语？结合选项中的 have 可知，此处 have 是使役动词，此处强调一次性的动作，所以用 have sb do sth 结构，表示“让某人做某事”，故选 B 项。24、Unfortunately,Lisas team was _ to the“group of death”,where it faced several strong opponents in the group matches.AassignedBattachedCdeservedDconducted 答案：A 解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：不幸的是，Lisa 的团队被分配到“死亡组”，在小组比赛中他们面临着几个强大的对9 手。A.assigned 指派，分配；B.attached 固定；C.deserved 值得；D.conducted 实施。根据后文“to the“group of death”指被分配到“死亡组”应用 assign。故选 A。25、She longed to _on their conversation but didnt want to appear rude.Abreak outBbreak downCbreak inDbreak up 答案：C 解析：考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：她很想打断他们的谈话，但又不想显得粗鲁。A.break out 爆发；B.break down出故障；C.break in 打断；D.break up 结束。由“on their conversation but didnt want to appear rude”可知，句子表示“她很想打断他们的谈话，但又不想显得粗鲁”，空格处意为“打断”，故选 C。26、The book is primarily _ Soviet-American relations during the Cold War.Aconcerned aboutBconcerned withCconcerned forDconcerned in 答案：B 解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：这本书主要讲的是冷战时期的苏美关系。A.concerned about 关心，担忧；B.concerned with 和有关；C.concerned for 为担心；D.concerned in 参与。根据后文“Soviet-American relations during the Cold War”可知指书的内容与冷战时期的苏美关系有关系，应用 be concerned with。故选 B。27、The young man has been sent to _ the conference.AcoverBacquireCoccupyDaccuse 答案：A 解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：这个年轻人被派去报道这个会议。A.cover 报道；B.acquire 获得；C.occupy 占据；D.accuse 控告。由“the conference”可知，这个年轻人被派去报道这个会议，空格处意为“报道”，故选 A。10 28、Officials say that few patients are _with the disease thanks to the effective prevention.AaffectedBdetectedCdisinfectedDinfected 答案：D 解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：官员们说，由于有效的预防，很少有患者感染这种疾病。A.affected 影响；B.detected 查明；C.disinfected 消毒；D.infected 传染，感染。根据 the disease 可知，此处是固定短语 be infected with“感染”。故选 D。29、While there are some dangers that _regular texting with your partner,couples that exchange affectionate texts can actually enhance their relationships.AexchangeBaccompanyCrevealDuncover 答案：B 解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然定期给伴侣发短信有一些危险，但情侣之间互发深情的短信实际上可以增进他们的关系。A.exchange 交换；B.accompany 陪伴，伴随；C.reveal 透露，显示；D.uncover 揭开，发现。空格前定语从句引导词 that 代指先行词 dangers，根据后文“regular texting with your partner”句意可知，此处指“危险伴随着定期给伴侣发短信”。故选 B 项。30、When we think of the Winter Solstice(冬至),Northerners always _ it with dumplings while Southerners with tangyuan.AconnectBassociateCattachDcombine 答案：B 解析：考查动词辨析。句意：当我们提到冬至，北方人总是会联想到饺子，然而南方人却会想到汤圆。A.connect 连接；B.associate 联想，联系；C.attach 粘，贴；D.combine 结合，组合。根据句意可知，此处表示“把冬至与饺11 子联系起来”，用固定搭配 associate.with.；故选 B 项。31、Some people_ under pressure,while a few people do well despite the pressure.Afall outBfall awayCfall apartDfall off 答案：C 解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：一些人在压力下崩溃，而一些人在压力下表现良好。A.fall out 争吵；B.fall away 消失；C.fall apart 崩溃；D.fall off 跌落。根据“under pressure”，这里应表示人们在压力下崩溃。故选 C 项。32、Garcia was gaining on her opponent throughout the race,but only _her at the very end.AoverlookedBovercameCoverflewDovertook 答案：D 解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：Garcia 在整个比赛中逐渐逼近她的对手，但直到最后才超过她。A.overlooked 忽略，俯瞰；B.overcame 克服；C.overflew 飞跃；D.overtook 赶上，超过。根据前文“Garcia was gaining on her opponent throughout the race”等句意可知，直到最后她才超过对手。故选 D 项。33、Only when we realize the importance of helping each other can we be _ to building a harmonious(和谐的)society.AdevotedBrewardedCattackedDvoted 答案：A 解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：只有当我们意识到互相帮助的重要性，我们才能致力于建设一个和谐社会。A.devoted 致力于，贡献；B.rewarded 奖励；C.attacked 攻击；D.voted 选举，投票。根据“building a harmonious(和谐的)society”可知，此处表示致力于建设和谐社会。故选 A。34、The building around the corner caught fire last night.The police are now _ the matter.12 Aseeing throughBworking outClooking intoDwatching over 答案：C 解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：附近的那栋建筑昨晚着火了。警察现在在调查该事件。A.see through 看穿；B.work out 解决出；C.look into 调查；D.watch over 监管。根据语境及常识可知，发生了火灾，警察会调查原因。故选 C。35、Natural resources are being _ by a growing number of heavy industries as well as the growing population.AassumedBconsumedCresumedDpresumed 答案：B 解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：越来越多的重工业和不断增长的人口正在消耗自然资源。A.assumed 假设；B.consumed 消耗；C.resumed 重新开始；D.presumed 设定。根据主语 Natural resources 可知，consumed“消耗”符合句意。故选 B。小提示：36、Perhaps we are in fact lying to _ ourselves _ the disappointment and anger of others.Asave;fromBrescue;fromChear;fromDprotect;from 答案：D 解析：考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：也许我们实际上是在撒谎，以保护自己免受他人的失望和愤怒。A.savefrom 从中救出；B.rescuefrom 从中救援；C.hearfrom 收到来信；D.protectfrom 保护使不受到（伤害）。根据下文“the disappointment and anger of others”可知，我们想要保护自己免受他人的失望和愤怒。故选 D。13 37、We cannot always_ the traditions handed down to us from the past.AestablishBobserveCdonateDforgive 答案：B 解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们不能总是遵守过去传下来的传统。A.establish 建立；B.observe 遵守；C.donate 捐赠；D.forgive 原谅。根据“the traditions handed down to us from the past”可知，此处表示“遵守”，故选B。38、We keep them informed of any changes as they _.AariseBriseCare arisingDare rising 答案：A 解析：考查动词词义辨析和一般现在时。句意：一旦发生任何变化，我们会及时通知他们。as 引导的从句中 they 代指 changes，此处是指一旦发生任何变化，且根据“We keep them informed of any changes”可知，此处应用一般现在时。动词 arise 意为“产生，出现”，rise 意为“升起”。故选 A。39、“Even when people do things for you and give you things that you dont actually want,you must always remember that its the thought that counts.”In which of the following sentences does“count”share the same meaning with the one in the example?ATherell be eight for dinner,counting ourselves.BI count myself fortunate to have had such a good education.CIve had three jobs in the last five years,but one of them was unpaid,so it doesnt count.DWith our busy lives today,we have less and less time for what really counts.答案：D 解析：14 考查词义辨析。题干：“即使别人为你做了一些事情，给了你一些你并不想要的东西，你也必须永远记住，心意才是最重要的。”下面哪个句子中“count”与例子中的意思相同？A.Therell be eight for dinner,counting ourselves.表示“晚餐有八个人，算上我们自己。”句中 count 表示“计算在内”；B.I count myself fortunate to have had such a good education.表示“我觉得自己很幸运，能受到这样好的教育。”句中 count 表示“觉得，认为”；C.Ive had three jobs in the last five years,but one of them was unpaid,so it doesnt count.表示“在过去的五年里，我做了三份工作，但是其中一份是没有工资的，所以不算。”句中 count 表示“计算”；D.With our busy lives today,we have less and less time for what really counts.表示“随着我们今天忙碌的生活，我们有越来越少的时间去做真正重要的事情。”句中 count 表示“重要”符合题意。故选 D。40、There comes a time when the young man _ a really difficult time.Ais pulling throughBis going through Cis running throughDis pushing through 答案：B 解析：考查动词词组辨析。句意：总有一段时间，这个年轻人要经历一段非常艰难的时期。pull through 恢复健康；精神状况良好；go through 经历；run through 贯穿；push through（使）穿过；努力完成。由下文的“a really difficult time”可知，年轻人要经历一段困难时光。故选 B。小提示：41、When working on a tough project,you need to keep _ the guidelines to ensure youre always on the track.ApreservingBreservingCobservingDdeserving 答案：C 解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：当你在一个艰难的项目上工作时，你需要不断地遵守指导方针，以确保你始终走在正轨上。A.preserving 保存；B.reserving 保留；C.observing 遵守；D.deserving 值得。根据空后 the guidelines to 15 ensure youre always on the track 可知，此处表达“遵守指导方针”，keep 接 doing 作宾语。故选 C 项。42、My camera can be _ to take pictures in cloudy or sunny conditions.AtreatedBadoptedCadjustedDadapted 答案：C 解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的相机可以调整到阴天或晴天拍摄。A.treat 对待；B.adopt 抚养；C.adjust 调整；D.adapt 适应。根据句意，adjust to 调整，此处与主语构成被动关系，表达“被调整”，符合题意。故选 C 项。43、I gave her a ride when her car _ and now she is returning the favour.Abroke downBgave inCgot acrossDshowed up 答案：A 解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：她的车抛锚时，我载了她一程，现在她正在报答我。A.broke down（机器）出故障，（车）抛锚，损坏，失败，分解；B.gave in 屈服，让步；C.got across（使）被理解，把讲清楚；D.showed up 出现，露面。根据“I gave her a ride when her car”（我载了她一程）可知“她的车抛锚了”。故选 A。小提示：44、You shouldnt lose heart;keep trying and you will _sooner or later.Ado itBsense itCmake itDfeel it 答案：C 解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：你不应该丧失信心；继续努力，你迟早会成功的。A.do it 行动；B.sense it 感觉它；C.make it 获得成功；D.feel it 感受它。根据“keep trying”可知，此处表示继续努力迟早会成功。故选 C。45、The young mother,with deep love in her eyes,is _ juice out of an orange for her baby.16 AknockingBkeepingCtakingDsqueezing 答案：D 解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：这个年轻的母亲，眼神里透露着对孩子深深的爱，正在为她的孩子榨果汁。A.konck 敲；B.keep 保持，保存；C.take 拿，取;D.squeeze 榨。根据句意可知，此处表示“从橘子里榨出果汁”，故用动词 squeeze。故选 D。