四年级一般现在时及音标学生版.doc

精锐教育学科教师辅导讲义
学员编号： 年 级：四年级 课 时 数：3
学员姓名： 辅导科目：英语 学科教师：
授课类型
T 语法专题---- 一般现在时
C 音标（元音）
T 阅读
授课日期及时段

教学内容

【知识梳理1】
一、一般现在时的构成：
1. be动词：主语 + be + 其他 → 注意：be动词根据人称相应地变化为am, is are
He is a little boy.
eg: I am a little boy.
She is a little girl.
2. 行为动词：主语 + 行为动词 + 其他 → 注意：当主语为第三人称单数(he, she, it) 时，要在动词后加‘-s/ -es’。
I/They/You/We study English.
eg:
He/She studies English.

二、一般现在时基本使用情况：
1. 表示经常性或习惯性的动作：I get up at six every day.
关键词：常与表示频率的时间副词连用
once/twice/three times a week

on Sundays
on Mondays
day
year
week
every month
afternoon
evening

2. 表示事物和人物的特征、状态：The sky is blue. He is fat.
3. 表示客观事实：The earth goes around the sun.

【巩固练习】
I. Fill in the blanks with the given verbs in their proper forms.
1. She usually ______(go) to school by bike.
2. The sun ______(rise) in the east and ______ (set) in the west .
3. John and Linda __________ in the same class. (be)
4. ______ your schoolbags in Room 301? (be)
5. __________ he often __________ his homework every morning? (do)
6. We __________ TV on Monday. (not watch)
7. __________ your mother __________ rooms every day? (clean)

【巩固练习】
I. 选择最恰当的答案
( ) 1. _______ you have a book?
A. Do B. Are C. Is D. Have
( ) 2. They ________ on a farm.
A. working B. is work C. work D. is worked
( ) 3. ---- Does Peter like to watch TV?
---- _________.
A. Yes, he likes B. No, he doesn’t C. Yes, he’d like D. No, he likes
( ) 4. She doesn’t _________ her homework in the afternoon.
A. doing B. to do C. does D. do
( ) 5. How _________ Mr. Brown _________ to America?
A. do, go B. is, go C. does, go D. does, goes
( ) 6. Where’s my camera? I __________ it.
A. am not finding B. am not seeing C. can’t find D. can’t look at
( ) 7. ---- How _____ he go to work?
---- He _________ to work by bike.
A. does; go B. do; goes C. do; go D. does; goes
( ) 8. ---- ______ you usually late for school?
---- No, _____________.
A. Do; I am B. Does; not C. Are; I’m not D. Are; I aren’t
( ) 9. _______ she ________ home at six every day?
A. Is, leave B. Does, leave C. Is, leaves D. Does, left
( ) 10. Mr. Yang __________ English this term.
A. teaches our B. teaches us C. teach us D. teach our

【知识梳理2】
be动词，行为动词句型：
1.Be 动词一般现在时的句型
肯定句：sb+ be+其他 be根据人称变为am， is ，are
eg: He is a teacher. I am a student. They are workers.
否定句：sb+ be+not+其他
eg: He is not a teacher. I am not a student. They are not workers.
一般疑问句：be+sb+其他
Is he a teacher? -Yes, he is. / No, he isn’t.
Are you a student? Are they workers?
特殊疑问句：What is he?

2. 行为动词的变化
肯定式：sb +do+其他 eg: I like pork. 第三人称单数：sb+does+ 其他 eg: He likes pork.
否定式：sb +don’t +其他 eg:I don’t like pork. 第三人称单数：sb+doesn’t +其他 eg: He doesn’t like pork.
一般疑问句: Do+ sb +其他 第三人称单数：Does + sb +其他
eg: Do you like pork? eg:Does he like pork?
Yes, I do. / No, I don’t. -Yes, he does. / No, he doesn’t.
特殊疑问句：What do you like? / What does he like?
【例题精讲】
1. 按要求改写句子：
1. Do you often play football after school? (肯定回答)
__________________________________________.
2. I have many books.  （改为否定句）
______________________
3. Gao Shan’s sister likes playing table tennis （改为否定句）
______________________________________________.
4. She lives in a small town near New York.  (改为一般疑问句）
______________________________________________.
5. I watch TV every day. （改为一般疑问句）
______________________ .

【巩固练习】
1. 用括号内动词的适当形式填空
1. He often ________ (have) dinner at home.
2. Daniel and Tommy _______ (be) in Class One.
3. We _______ (not watch) TV on Monday.
4. Nick _______ (not go) to the zoo on Sunday.
5. ______ they ________ (like) the World Cup?
6. What ___they often _______ (do) on Saturdays?
7. _______ your parents _______ (read) newspapers every day?
8. The girl _______ (teach) us English on Sundays.
9. She and I ________ (take) a walk together every evening.
10. There ________ (be) some water in the bottle.

基础题：
I. 用括号内动词的适当形式填空
1. Mike _______ (like) cooking.
2. They _______ (have) the same hobby.
3. My aunt _______ (look) after her baby carefully.
4. You always _______ (do) your homework well.
5. I _______ (be) ill. I’m staying in bed.
6. She _______ (go) to school from Monday to Friday.

7. Liu Tao _______ (do) not like PE.
8. The child often _______ (watch) TV in the evening.
9. Su Hai and Su Yang _______ (have) eight lessons this term.
10. ---- What day _______ (be) it today?
---- It’s Saturday.

II. 按要求改写句子。
1. I do my homework every day. （改为一般疑问句）
_________________
2. She likes eggs. (改为一般疑问句，并做否定回答)
___________________________________________
3. We go to school every morning. （改为否定句）
___________________________________________
4. I like taking photos in the park. （对划线部分提问）
___________________________________________

【知识梳理3】
第三人称单数行为动词变化规则：
1. 规则变化三规律：
（1）一般情况下直接在动词词尾加-s.
　　ask---asks     work---works  get---gets      stay---stays
（2）以字母s, x, ch, sh或o结尾的动词，在词尾直接加-es.
　　watch---watches   wish---wishes  fix---fixes         do---does
　　go---goes         pass---passes
（3）以“辅音字母加 - y”结尾的动词，要先变y为i再加-es.
　　try-tries     study---studies cry---cries      fly---flies
2.不规则变化需动脑记：
　　be---- is  are    have----has

【例题精讲】
I. Change the following verbs after the model.
Model: do→ does
1. fly _______ 2. fax_______ 3. play_______
4. wash_______ 5. go_______ 6. watch_______
7. study_______ 8. pay_______ 9. miss_______

提高题：
I.单选题
1、Although Bill isn’t rich enough, he often ______ money to the poor.
A. will give      B. was giving       C. gives          D. gave
2、-Can your father drive?
-Yes, and he      to work every day.
A. is driving        B. drove            C. drives           D. has driven
3、-What's his father? -He is a teacher. He______ maths at a school.
　　A. taught   B. has taught    C. teaches   D. will teach
4、I like soft and gentle music. It _____ nice.
A. tastes    B. looks C. sounds D. feels
5、It ______ usually _____ at this time of year, but today it is raining heavily.
　　A. is, raining    B. won't, rain　 C. has ,rained D. doesn't ,rain
6、The cloth ______ very soft and comfortable.
A. smells             B. tastes C. feels               D. sounds
7、In order to keep healthy, Tony _____ a walk after dinner every day.
A. takes     B. Taking     C. took D. was taking
8、I like spring . We can go outside and _____ nature.
A. feel     B. return     C. hold D. enjoy
9、He _____ any brothers, but he has a sister.
　　A. don't has      B. doesn't have 　C. don't have    D. doesn't has
10、-_____ your friends go to watch the matches?
-Yes, they ____.
A. Do; do   B. Does; do　　 C. Do; does  D. Does; does

II. 根据汉语意思填空：
1. Can you_________the ball at the net, Danny? (扔)
2. After I wash my face, I ____________my hair. （梳理）
3. Do you ____the picture? （记得）
4. -_______ you _________ at _________?（你擅长唱歌吗？）
- Yes, I am
5. Mr Green often ___________ in the countryside. (散步)
6. I _______a red bag. But he_________ a blue one. (有)
7. Mother always__________TV in the evening. (看电视)

III.阅读
A
A train stops at a station. A young man wants to come out, but it is raining. A boy is standing under a big umbrella. The young man says to the boy. “Can you go and get us two hamburgers, one for you and one for me? Here are two dollars.” “Great!” say the boy and he goes to buy hamburgers. After some time, the boy is back. He is eating a hamburger. “Where is my hamburger?” asks the young man. “Oh, there is only one hamburger left. So I’m eating mine. Here is your dollar. ”
( )1． Where is the young man ?
A  At a station  B  Under a big umbrella C On the train
( )2.  What does the young man want to buy?
A Umbrella  B   Hamburgers   C Dollars
( )3.  Who helps the young man?
A  A boy   B  A man  C .Nobody
( )4.  Does the young man get a hambuger?
A No ,he doesn’t   B  Yes ,he does  C .No ,he does
( )5.  Is the boy clever（聪明的） ?
A Yes ,he isn’t   B  Yes ,he is    C .No ,I’m not

【知识梳理1】wh-疑问句
基本结构是：特殊疑问词＋一般疑问句语序
常用的疑问词：what, who(whom), whose, which, when, where, how, why等，回答时针对问句中的代词和副词来回答，不用yes或no来回答。   
“对划线部分提问”是一种常见的句型转换题型，这类题实际上就是将所给的陈述句变为特殊疑问句。解这类题通常分三步完成：
“三步走”战略
第一步：替换----找一个合适的词来替换划线部分。
第二步：提前----把替换词写在句子的开头。
第三步：改一般疑问句----把一般疑问句写在疑问词后面，注意划线部分已经被替换掉，不需要再写。

（一）注意疑问词的选择
疑问词 意思 用法
What 什么 问东西、事物
What day 星期几 问星期几
What time 什么时间 问具体时间
What color 什么颜色 问颜色
How... 怎样 问情况，状态
How old 多大年纪 问年纪
How far 多远 问路程
How much 多少钱；多少数量（不可数名词）
How many 多少数量（可数名词）问数量
Where 在哪里 问地点
When 何时 问时间
Who 谁 问人
 Whose 谁的 问主人  
（二）注意疑问句的语序
1. 对句子的主语提问，其语序是： 疑问词＋谓语＋其他成分？
She is their teacher. → Is she their teacher?
Who is their teacher?
2. 对句子主语的定语提问，其语序是： 疑问词＋主语＋谓语＋其他成分？
My book is over there.→Is your book over there?
Whose book is over there?
3. 对表语、宾语或状语提问，其语序是： 疑问词＋一般疑问句？
He lives in Beijing. → Does he live in Beijng?
Where does he live?
4. 对表语或宾语的定语提问，其语序是： 疑问词＋表语或宾语＋一般疑问句？
I’m looking for my watch.→ Are you looking for your watch?
Whose watch are you looking for?
【例题讲讲】
例1.There are six boys in the classroom.（对划线部分提问）
_________________________________
例2.There are six boys in the classroom.（对划线部分提问）
_________________________________
【巩固练习】
对划线部分提问：
Alice’s got three balls. _________________________________
They are in the pond. _________________________________
Tom is under the tree. _________________________________
I have got some biscuits. _________________________________
Frogs like bees. _________________________________
He has got two cars. _________________________________
The mouse’s teeth are sharp. _________________________________
That is Ben’s block. ___________________________________
【知识梳理2】祈使句
祈使句即表示表示请求、命令等的句子。它的主语是听话人(you) ，一般不需要说出来。通常以动词原形开头。祈使句末尾用惊叹号或句号，句子用降调.
分类（1） 动词原形开头
eg. Open the door,please!→否定Don’t open the door,please!
(2） Be+adj
eg.Be quiet!→否定Don’t be quiet! (当然咯，介个只是举例啦！）
（3）以动词原形let开头
eg.Let’s go home together!→否定Let’s not go home together!
（4）No+n/v-ing
eg.No photos!/No fishing!
【例题精讲】
例1.Tom, _______( open) the window.
例2.Tom _______(open) the window.
【巩固练习】
根据要求改写句子：
1. Please look at the blackboard. （改为否定句）
____________________________
2.Close your eyes, Linda. （改为否定句，但意思不变）
______ _____ your eyes, Linda.
3.on/walk/ the/ grass. （连词成句，并改为否定句）
________________________________________________
4.我们一起玩吧。（翻译成英文，用祈使句。）
______________________________________________
5. 不要迟到。（翻译成英文，用祈使句。）
__________________________

[a:] 发这个音的字母和字母组合a ar au ear
l a: grass glass class plant dance fast father last
l ar: car star arm March garden dark scarf
l au: laugh aunt
l ear: heart

l 根据发音规则，圈出发[a:]的2个单词。
l 1. arm lip doctor card
l 2. cloud cart garden gate
l 3. ball scarf dark tiger
l 4. job lorry March park

[Λ] 发这个音的字母和字母组合o u oo ou
l o: son come colour love money
l u: sun nut jump gum bus brush supper us
l ou: touch cousin country

l 根据发音规则，找出每组中发[Λ]的单词。
l 1. hear cup bed air
l 2. voice boy duck ant
l 3. vase corn bear gun
l 4. cute boy money her

[æ] 发这个音的字母和字母组合a
l a: dad cap cat bad apple bag flag map
hand rabbit ant black fat has stand rat

l 根据发音规则，找出每组中发[æ]的单词。
l 1. rat bed face sport
l 2. hear cup fat pear
l 3. rice bat finger tree
l 4. sea young knife apple

[e] 发这个音的字母和字母组合e ea
l e: egg bell desk leg pet ten pen
l ea: bread head breakfast

l 根据发音规则，找出每组中不发[e]的单词。
l 1. cat well leg pen
l 2. sweat map pet elephant
l 3. egg ten tall desk
l 4. bread head bed toy
二、同步题型分析

音标[a:] [Λ] [æ] [e] 练习
一．抄写音标，一个抄写5遍。
[a:]： [Λ]： [æ]： [e]：
二．选出下列没有相同发音的词。
( ) 1. car arm food garden
( ) 2. true jump bus cut
( ) 3. bag short map flag
( ) 4. egg pen head small
( ) 5. got clock bell dog
( ) 6. rabbit book wood foot
( ) 7. rat bat apple ten
( ) 8. gun star duck money
三. 写出单词或音标。
［pa:st］ [ru:m] [swet] [sit]
[fæt] [gɔt] [cΛp] [shә:t]
bag car bus bread
star head
四. 选出下列每题中元音有几种读音，有一种读音的在（ ）里画☆,有两种读音的画△,有三种的画◇
( ) 1. hat fast cook last
( ) 2. jeep door sun gum
( ) 3. dad cap hand map
( ) 4. star car cut from
( ) 5. skirt sheep bird her
五. 改变下列单词的一个字母,使它变成另一个单词
like_________________(交通工具)
hat ________________(动物)
lake ________________(食品)
nice _______________(数字)
hot _________________(用品)

【课后作业】
I. Fill in the blanks (用所给单词适当形式填空)
1. Can you ________ (fly) a kite, Ben? No, I can't.
2. Mum, I can't see my pen. Where_______ (be) it?
3. He always_________ (wear) a T-shirt.
4. January _______ (come) first .
5. Lee and Ben often ________ (help) each other with their lessons.
6. What _______ your fath