商务英语翻译复习习题.doc

商务英语翻译复习习题
一. 基础知识
1.翻译者应具备 外语知识, 一定的母语水平, 广泛的知识面.
2.翻译的过程包括_理解和表达.
3.翻译的方法有 直译,意译,活译.
4.长句的翻译的方法有逆序法 及 顺序.
5.否定译法有 全部否定,双重否定,含蓄否定,转移否定,部分否定.
二、翻译下列术语与名称:
1.联合国国际销售合同公约
United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods (CISG )
2. 争端解决机构Dispute Settlement Body
3. 贸易政策评审机构Trade Policy Review Body
4. 合格境外机构投资者Qualified Foreign Institutional Investors ( QFII )
5. 纽约证券交易所New York Stock Exchange (NYSE )
三、请将下列合成词译成汉语:
1. free-spender 挥金如土者典
2. good--to—excellent care 无微不至的关怀_
3. trade-off 平衡
4. be—kind—to—animal campaign 保护动物运动
5. put-down 贬低
6. four-striper 海军上校
7. office-bearer 公务员
8.state-of-the-art 最新的
9. see—while—you—talk phone可视电话
10. character-building 陶冶情操转自
四、请将下列商务合同的名称翻译过来:
1.国际货物销售合同 Contract for International Sale of Goods
2.中外合资经营企业合同Contract for Sino-foreign Joint Ventures
3.国际工程承包合同 Contract for International Engineering Projects
4.国际租赁合同Contract for International Leasing Affairs
5.补偿贸易合同Contract for Compensation Trade
五、翻译术语
1.鉴于条款 Whereas Clauses
2.转让条款 Assignment Clauses
3.担保条款 Warranty Clauses
4.履行担保 Guaranty of Performance
5品质担保Guaranty of Quality
6.权利担保Guaranty of Right
7.违约金 Penalty
8.补救措施Remedial Measures
9.免责条款Escape Clauses
10.赔偿损失Compensation for Damages
六、写出下列缩写的全称并翻译成汉语:
1. GATT: General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade 关税与贸易总协定
2. BOT: build , operate , transfer(或build-operate-transfer) 建设，经营，转让
3. IRAs: individual retirement accounts 个人退休帐户
4. TOEFL: Test of English as a Foreign Language 托福
5. SARS: Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome “非典”或 严重急性呼吸综合症
七、翻译下列术语与名称:
1. Trade Policy Review Body贸易政策评审机构
2. Dispute Settlement Body 争端解决机构
3. United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods (CISG )
联合国国际销售合同公约
4. Qualified Foreign Institutional Investors ( QFII ) 合格境外机构投资者
5. New York Stock Exchange (NYSE ) 纽约证券交易所
八、写出下列每组分别属于何种合译：
1．to and from here and there off and on　 up and down
对立式合译
2．often and often by and by men and men hours and hours
重叠式合译
3．thick and thin within and without off and on fair or foul
词头押韵与对立结合式合译
4．forgive and forget now or never high and dry mend or end
词头与词尾押韵式合译
5．bread and butter pick and steal odds and ends house and home
九、按要求用所学过的翻译技巧填空
（一）下面划线部分在翻译时属于哪种句法转换,请具体写出由什么句法成分转为什么句法成分:
1. Many changes took place during the transformation. (主语→宾语)
2. The young man cast impatient glances at the old man. (定语→状语)
3.The American people firmly demanded his release. (定语→宾语)
4.There is a large amount of energy wasted due to friction. (定语→谓语)
5. The more sight of it will turn one's mind. (主语→状语)
6.It is surprising that the naughty boy behaved very well in such a big party. (谓语→主语)
7.My admiration for him grew more. (主语→谓语)
8. A cup of hot coffee will make you feel better. (宾语→主语)
9.Wind has the same effect on rocks as rain. (定语→表语 )
10.He has a different opinion from others. (主语→定语)
（二）下面的句子可采用增减词法来翻译,请写出具体的增词法或具体的减词法:
1.Rumors had already spread along the streets and lanes. （省介词
2. I could knit when I was seven. （增名词 ）
3. The day when he was born remains unknown. （省关系副词）
4.We live and learn. （省人称代词）
5.Once you are in , you wouldn't be allowed to get out. （省人称代词）
6. The crowds melted away. （增副词）
7.The lion is the king of animals. （增数词）
8. The dean had a lot of work to do before the meeting. （增动词）
9. The design is considered practical. （增名词）
10. You don't look very well today. （省系动词）
（三）下面划线部分在翻译时属于哪种词类转换,请具体写出由什么词转为什么词:
1.She is an ardent lover of classical music. (名词→动词)
2.The volume of the sun is much larger than that of the earth . (代词→名词)
3.I can't wait to get back home and lock the door. (动词→副词)
4.She is a real beauty. (名词→形词)
5.Let's give our bedroom a thorough clean. (形词→副词)
6.We find difficulty in solving this problem. (名词→副词)
7.They were considered insincere. (形词→名词)
8.It was officially announced that he was invited to the meeting (副词→名词)
9.At the meeting, some were against the proposal and others for it. (介词→动词)
10.Traditionally, there had always been good relations between them. (副词→形词
（四）判断下列多枝共干结构属于哪种搭配:
1.He respected , and was in turn respected by every member of the university. (主谓搭配)
2.This new technique has increased instead of decreased our output. (动宾搭配)
3.This system neither receives energy from, nor gives energy to , any body outside it.(介宾搭配)
4.The author has written many novels and plays on social problems. (名定搭配)
5.He said before the mugging, he went where he wanted , when he wanted , without fear.
(动状搭配)
6.It doesn't matter whether we start now or later. (动状搭配)
7. The point is not who will go , but who will stay. (系表搭配)
8.He knows he's too tired to read , and he's just wasting time. (动宾搭配)
9.There is no moment of his life which is not given to his work. (名定搭配)
10.He told us a great many things we didn't know about China. (名定搭配)
（五）请在下面短文中找出翻译技巧:
1.In practice, we have to take a close look at the wording used by the offeror in order to make a correct judgment, to examine whether the offer satisfies the two requirements which will be further explained in the following paragraphs, and whether it contains such qualifying conditions as “subject to our confirmation ”, which generally is not regarded as an offer, but an “ invitation for offer”.
1.非谓语动词的翻译 2. 多枝共干结构的翻译 3. 定语从句的翻译
4被动语态的翻译 5. 顺译(或倒译)
2. The customer can gain goods or services by showing his card to a store, a hotel or a restaurant that has pre-arrangement with the issuing bank to accept credit cards. Having examined the validity of the card, the supplier will give a sales slip, in which the date of each sale, description of the merchandise or services supplied and the credit amount will be filled by hand-written letters at the lower right corner. The following information will then be processed on the slip together with the credit card through an imprinter supplied by the issuing bank: (1)the customer’s account number and name; (2)expiration date of the card;(3) the merchant’s account number and name
1. 介词（转动词）的翻译 2. 定语从句的翻译3. 多枝共干结构的翻译
4. 非谓语动词的翻译5. 带介词的定语从句的翻译 (6.被动语态的翻译)
十、按要求用所学过的翻译技巧翻译下例句子:
（一）请按要求翻译下例句子:
1.我没注意到这一点.(用正译法) The point slipped my attention.
2.你的工作令人满意.(用反译法) Your work leaves nothing to be desired.
3.我们不应该听闲话.(用正译法) We should shut our ears to gossips.
4.法律面前人人平等.(用反译法) Law is no respecter of persons.
5.他知道他得的是不治之症.(用正译法) He knew he was mortally ill
6.我读过你的文章,没想到你这么年轻. (用正译法)I have read your articles. I expect to meet an older man.
7.他们的思想感情不外露. (用正译法)They keep their thoughts and feelings to themselves.
8.锻炼身体的最好办法是跑步. 用反译法)(There is nothing like jogging as a means of exercise.
9.真是一篇绝佳的作文. (用反译法) Isn't it a beautiful composition ?
10.他们是在北京打工的外地民工. (用反译法)They are non-local laborers in Beijing.
（二）按要求翻译下列句子:
1.人们极其迫近地要求工作,不管什么工作,只要能维持一家人的生活就行.(用定语从句)
Many people become desperate for work, any work , which will help them to keep alive their families
2.这个病人打过好多针了,但并不好转.
The patient had been given many an injection but he felt none the better for it.
3.无大人陪伴小孩不得入内. (用双重否定)
No children will be admitted unless accompanied by an adult.
4.他再次改变了主意,此后,我再也不愿意和他一起出去了.(用带介词的定语从句)
He changed his mind for the second time, after which I refused ever to go out with him again.
5.成品在出厂前必须予以仔细检查. (用被动语态)
The finished products must be carefully inspected before delivery.
（三）用意译方法翻译下列句子
1. 她出生在富贵人家。
She was born with a silver spoon in her mouth.
2. 对牛弹琴。
Cast pearls before swine.
3. 也许他走绝了路，自己毁了自己。
Maybe he has cut off his own head and destroyed himself.
4. 砸镜子并不能解决实际问题。
Smashing a mirror is no way to make an ugly person beautiful, nor is it a way to make social problems evaporate.
5. 我要去睡会觉。
I want to hit the sack and get some Z’s.
十一、请将下面句子译成英语
（一）将下面句子译成英语
1.瓦（Shiva）贸易公司是一家小型但却非常有名的家族式企业, 出口产品遍及整个次大陆, 现正寻机进入欧洲市场。
The Shiva Trading Company is a small but well-established family-owned business that has been exporting throughout the sub-continent and is now looking to enter the European market.
2．信息化时代的组织结构既能有效管理庞大复杂的层级制组织结构,又可以保持家式新兴公司的快速反应能力.
Information age organizations can manage the complexity of the large hierarchical structure without losing the speed of the entrepreneurial start-ups.
3．通常的做法是使用更快捷的通讯手段来送撤回的电文,这样它可以比发盘更早一些到达受盘人.
The common practice is to make use of a faster means of communication to send the message of withdrawal so that it can reach the offeree earlier than the offer does.
4.为了得到这种保障,投保人定期向保险公司缴费,每次所缴的钱叫保险费.用所有投保人缴的保险费向受损失的人提供付款.
For this protection , the policyholder makes regular payments to the insurance company. Each payment is called a premium. The premiums paid by all policyholders are used to pay those who lose.
5.商业银行主要有两个功能 : 第一,银行办理活期和定期储蓄存款;第二,银行向企业,商人,业主及其他个人和公司提供贷款.
Commercial banks have primary functions. First , banks hold demand deposits and permit checks to be drawn on these deposits. Second , banks lend money to industrialists , merchants , homeowners , and other individuals and firms.
（二）将下列带介词的英文句子译成中文
1. We used a plane of which almost every part carried some indication of national identity.
我们驾驶的飞机(中的)几乎每一个部件都有某国籍的标志.
2. It is a consolation to know that they will surely carry on the cause for which Edgar Snow strove so faithfully all his life .
了解到他们一定会把斯诺终身为之奋斗不渝的事业继承下来,这是一件令人快慰的事情.
3. The headmaster, with whom the parents had discussed the son’s future, advised the boy to take up engineering.
家长和校长曾讨论他们儿子的未来,校长建议这孩子学工程.
4. The tool with which he is working is called a wrench.
他干活用的那个工具叫做扳手.
5. This is the question about which we’ve had so much discussion.
这就是我们讨论得那么多的问题.
6. They were short of sticks to make frames for the climbing vines, without which the yield would be halved.
他们缺搭葡萄藤架的杆儿,没有它们产量就会减少一半.
7. He may have acute appendicitis, in which case he will have to be operated on .
他可能得了急性盲肠炎,如果是这样,他就得动手术。
8. He changed his mind for the second time, after which I refused ever to go out with him again.
他再次改变了主意. 此后, 我再也不愿意和他一起出去了
9. They are striving for the ideal which is close to the heart of every Chinese ，and for which, in the past, many Chinese have laid down their lives.
他们正在为实现一个理想而努力,这个理想是每个中国人所珍爱的，过去，许多中国人曾为了这个理想而牺牲了自己的生命。
10. It was an old woman, tall and shapely still, though withered by time, on whom his eyes fell when he stopped and turned.
他站住，转过身来，定眼一看,是个年迈的妇女,她身材很高,仍然一副好模样,虽然受了时间的折磨而有点憔悴。
（三）将下列商务英文句子译成中文
1.The company’s shares were listed for the first time on the Tokyo stock exchange on September 28.
九月二十八日该公司股票首次在东京证券交易所挂牌(交易)
2.Parties who have sold a futures contract are said to have taken a short position.
出售期货合约的出售者被认为是处在市场空头。
3.Futures trading takes place only on government-regulated exchanges.
期货交易只能在政府管理的交易所内进行。
4. The clearing house informs every exchange member of their net settlement status.
清算所将每个交易所清算成员各自的净结算头寸通知他们。
5.If you go short and the futures price goes up, you lose money.
如果你卖空而期货价格上升，你就赔钱。
6. Futures is one of the types of financial futures.
外汇期货是金融期货的一种。
7. The futures price is not constant until the contract expires.
直到其期货合约到期之时，期货价格才稳定。
8. Margin requirements also provide traders with substantial leverage.
保证金也给了交易商极大的财务杠杆便利。
9. A long position involves inflows greater than outflows in a currency and a short position involves outflows greater than inflows.
多头是一种货币的流入大于流出，而空头指一种货币的流出大于流入。
10. Hedging in futures markets is synonymous with shifting risk.
期货市场上的套头交易实际上就是转移风险。