大专汽车实用英语复习资料一.doc

汽车实用英语作业
本试题满分为100分，考试时间为90分钟。
I. Multiple Choice: 单选题
1． An automobile includes the following major categories: the body, the engine, the chassis and the electrical system.
2. With front drive arrangement or rear-wheel-drive arrangement, gears and shafts transmit the power to the drive wheels.
3. The clutch is used to separate drive from the engine to gearbox and to allow a smooth, progressive take-up of drive.
4. If you want to control the front wheel over various kinds of road conditions, you need learn to use the steering system .
5. In both drum and disc brakes, a hydraulic control system is used to connect the brake pedal to the brake parts at each wheel.
6. A spark ignition engine has one more basic system than Diesel engine to run, it is the ignition system,
7. After the fuel system delivers air-fuel mixture to a cylinder, a (an) electric spark ignites the mixture.
8. The lubricating system is applied to prevent metal parts of the engine from rubbing against each other.
9. The emission control system is used to reduce the air pollution caused by the engine.
10. In a four-stroke cycle, which one is actually doing work? power stroke
11. The shortcomings of the petrol engine in the nineteenth century include the followings except no spark plug is used
12. The diesel engine is also called compression ignition engine because the diesel engine is ignited by the heat of compression not by spark.
13. In the compression stroke, one main difference between a diesel engine and a petrol engine is that Both A and B.
14. The two basic types of fuel injection pumps used in the diesel engine are Distributor Pump Assembly and in-line type.

15. Compared with the in-line pump, the DPA has the following advantages: self-lubricating, easy servicing, low cost of production and a common single element.
16. A result of pressure changes makes the piston to move up and down in the engine cylinder.
17. During the power stroke, a force of up to 4000 pounds is suddenly applied to the piston head for 30 to 40 times a second.
18. Pistons for modern engines are made of aluminum-alloy.
19. The function of the piston rings is to all of the above.
20. The connecting rod is made of forged alloy steel .
21. There are two basic types of engine valves: the exhaust valve and intake valve.
22. A valve opens and closes less than 2000 times per mile.
23. According to the location of the camshaft, the valve trains are divided into overhead camshaft type and side camshaft type.
24. The purpose of valve springs is to to keep valves close when the camshaft is not lifting the valve.
25. What type of material is used is determines exactly by all of the above.
26. Within the gasoline or diesel engine, about 25% of the energy is used to drive the vehicle.
27. What problems will occur if the engine temperature is too high? all of the above
28. The function of the water jackets is to remove heat from the cylinder block on cylinder head.
29. The water pump can circulate up to 75 gallons of coolant per hour between the water jacket and radiator.
30. Compared with the fan on older vehicles, the advantage of the electric fan is that Both A and B
31. In the following sentences, which one is correct? The combustion in a gasoline engine must take place at a precise moment of time.
32. The conventional ignition system uses a mechanical set of contact points and condensers.
33. The function of the primary windings is produce magnetic field.
34. Which component is not included in the conventional ignition system? electronic control unit
35. The major function of the distributor is to Both A and C.
36. The spark ignition engine can change the chemical energy contained in fuel into kinetic energy.
37. In the following sentences, which one is correct? Today’s spark ignition engines can inject the mixture formation directly into the combustion chamber.
38. When can the engine produce maximum power? The throttle valve is fully open.
39. The theoretical ideal for complete combustion is a mass ratio of 14.7:1.
40. The 3-way catalytic converter depends on a stoichiometric A/F ratio to operate at maximum efficiency.
41. The main requirements for the clutch are all of the above.
42. By the method of transmitting torque, clutches can be divided into friction, automatic and hydraulic clutches.
43. By the shape of friction surfaces, clutches can be divided into disc types, drum types and cone types.
44. In clutches with peripheral location of springs, the springs may bulge under the action of centrifugal force.
45. Today’s clutch designs sometimes make provision for two independent clutches: one for starting away from rest; and the other for gear change.
46. Relatively small adaptability to changes of external loads is the distinguishing feature of internal combustion engines.
47. By the method of changing the gear ratio, the transmissions are divided into fixed-ratio, stepless, and combined transmissions.
48. According to the location of shafts, the transmissions can be with fixed-axle shafts, rotating-axle shafts, and of combined type.
49. In modern transmissions of general-purpose trucks and bused, the gear ratio varies between 5.0 and 8.0.
50. The characteristic features of transmissions with cylindrical main gear enclosed in one casing are five forward gears and one reverse gear.
51. The suspension system embraces springs, control linkages, and shock absorbers.
52. In the suspension system, the springs can be of the coil, leaf, pneumatic and torsion bar type.
53. Dependent-type front suspension systems with solid axle were used on early domestic vehicles and is still used on some heavy-duty trucks and farm vehicles.
54. The dependent suspension has a I-beam or solid axle connecting the left and right front-wheel knuckles.
55. The Macpherson strut suspension is the ideal suspension to meet the need of maximizing the interior dimensions of today’s lightweight, front-engine, front-drive vehicles.
56.The first type of known vehicular brakes is locked wheel.
57. The external contracting-band brake was designed to solve the problem that small shoes would overheat or wear out, and braking power would be lost.
58. In the internal expanding-band brake, the band inside of the brake drum is actuated by a brake shoe.
59. Unlike internal expanding-band brakes, the internal expanding-shoe brakes replace the flexible brake band with rigid brake shoes.
60. The disc brake was adopted in a two-ton-plus automobile to safely stop from the 70mph and 80mph highway speeds of the time.
61. The tire loads include three load groups: side load, radial load and tractive load.
62. When the tire is on a dry asphalt surface, the maximum frictional force of the tire (without sliding) is usually between 60%-70 of the radial load.
63. The condition of hydroplaning means that the smooth tire rides up on the surface water.
64. In the following sentences, which one is correct according to the text? Radial tires have lower radial spring rates than bias tires.
65. Radial tires were first used on sports cars because they produce good steering sensitivity.
66. The distance between the centerline of the rim and the mounting face of the disc is called the wheel offset.
67. The radial ply tire has the greatest steering sensitivity.
68.The function of the seat belts is to hold the occupants in their seats when the vehicle hits an obstacle.
69. In a head-on collision with a fixed obstacle at above 40_km/h, a three-point seat belt can only offer limited protection.
70. By retracting and tightening the belt strap, the shoulder belt tightener compensates for “belt slack” and “film-reel effect” in a collision.
71. In a collision, the whole procedure of airbag’s inflation and deflation takes nearly 0.1 second _.
72. The ECU uses the acceleration sensor to measure the deceleration due to the collision and calculate the change in speed.
73. Since the side collision is second only to the frontal collision, the side airbags is equipped in more and more vehicles.
74. A refrigeration system consists of five basis parts, they are the compressor, the condenser, the evaporator, the receiver, and the refrigerant flow control valve.
75. The condenser has two sets of passages: air passages and refrigerant tubes.
76. The condenser and the evaporator are in fact heat exchangers.
77. The receiver is located in a refrigerant line between the condenser and evaporator.
78. The evaporator is located in a box or under the instrument panel of the car.
79. A thermostatic expansion valve includes a temperature sensing bulb, a diaphragm, and a valve that is a spring loaded ball.
80. The compressor is a high pressure pump driven by the engine.

II. Match each number item with the most closely related lettered item and write your answers in the space provided. 按照图片,从给出的词中选择正确单词的字母填入空格当中
1.
3
2
1
4
5
6

A. piston 1—— H
B. crankshaft 2—— K
C. battery 3—— A
D. belt 4—— E
E. spark plug 5—— C
F. flywheel 6—— F
G. motor
H. air filter
I. cam
J. valve
K. water jacket

A- pushrod
B- camshaft
C-cam
D-gear
E-crankshaft
F-flywheel
G-rocker arm
H-connecting rod
I- valve spring seat
J-throttle
K-piston ring
L-lifter
M-cylinder
N-valve
O-valve spring
P-fuel tank
Q-torque

2.

1—— G 2—— I
3—— valve spring 4—— valve
5—— L 6—— C
7—— B 8—— A

Match each number item with the most closely related lettered item and write your answers in the space provided.
_9__a. disengagement

_3__b. synchronizer

_10__c. booster

_4__d. irregularity

_5__e. gearbox

_2__f. coast

_1__g. pneumatic

_8__h. lateral

_7__i. rotor

_6__j. dual

1. filled with air

2. move without using power

3. a device that make sth. to operate, move ,etc at the same time, speed

4. state of uneven

5. case that encloses a vehicle’s gear mechanism

6. double

7. brake disc

8. of, at, from or towards the side(s)

9.disconnection

10.device for increasing power

Match each number item with the most closely related lettered item and write your answers in the space provided. (每题2分，共20分 )

_3__a. orifice

__1_b. bulb

_10__c. gland

_6__d. airbag

_7__e. propellant

__4_f. deformation

_5__g. displacement

_8__h. sideways
_9__i. tread
_2__j. fabric

1. object shaped like certain plants(eg. the onion) with thick rounded underground stem
2. type of cloth, esp one that is woven
3. (formal)a hole

4. the process of changing shape in a way that is not good or attractive
5. the process of forcing sth. out of its position or space
6. a bag in a car that immediately fills with air if the car crashes, to protect the driver and passengers
7. a substance used for making sth. move forwards
8. to, towards or from the side
9.outer grooved surface of a tire that is in contact with the road
10. a part of your body that produces a chemical substance that your body needs

III.Translate the following phrases and expresses. 翻译下列短语或词组
1. disc brake:盘式制动
2. spark ignition and compression ignition: 点燃式和压燃式
3. crankshaft and camshaft: 曲轴和凸轮轴
4. Emission control system: 排放控制系统
5. Multi-cylinder engine: 多缸发动机
6. Clearance volume: 燃烧室容积
7. gasoline mixed with air: 空气和汽油混合物
8. jump across the gap of spark plug: 火花塞跳火间隙
9. turn through a half revolution: 旋转半周
10. valve seat: 气门座
11. liquid (water )-cooling system: 水冷
12. cylinder order: 气缸顺序
13. shorting-out: 短路
14. timing-retarded: 点火滞后
15. manifold injection: 进气歧管喷射
16. 3-way catalytic converter: 三元催化
17automatic clutches自动离合器
18. peripheral location of springs弹簧周布置
19. centrifugal force离心力
20.gear change lever变速杆
21.intermediate shaft中间轴
22. straight-tooth gear-wheels直齿齿轮
23.independent front suspension独立前悬架
24. handling characteristics操纵性能
25. Macpherson strut-type suspension麦佛逊立柱型悬架
26.dependent suspension非独立悬架
27.coefficient pf friction摩擦系数
28. steering sensitivity操纵灵敏性
29. drop center wheel rim深式轮辋的车轮
30.collide head on迎面碰撞
31. Electronic Control Unit电子控制单元
32. side impact detection侧向碰撞检测
33.peripheral acceleration轴向加速
34. heat exchanger热交换器
35. fixed orifice固定量孔
36. hoses and tubing管路
IV. Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the form where necessary. 用单词的正确形式填空
friction wear compress transmit lubricate combustible charge alignment harden cruise
1. He had burn marks that from the friction of the ropes on his skin.
2. The phone won’t work if it isn’t charging up.
3. Their routine work is to cruise around the Mississippi.
4. The wheels are needed lubricate, please put some oil on it.
5. The carpets have been worn, we have to buy a new one.
6. Petrol is __ combustible ____, so we should keep it far from the fire.
7. Iron can _ transmit _____ heat.
8. Their job is to _ alignment _____ straw into blocks for burning.
9. The bread will harden _ if you don’t cover it.
10. The bridge was gradually brought into _ compressing _____.

evaporate dilute seal dissipate simultaneously
positive bounce transfer boost warm-up
1. The water soon _ evaporates _____ in the sunshine.
2. Before the comprehensive test, you’d better do some warm-up exercise.
3. The demonstrations in London and Pairs happened _ simultaneously _.
4. The company is taking a new measure to _ boost ___ their export trade.
5. The electrical charge can be either _ positive ____ or negative such that like charges repel and opposite charges attract.
6. Who is responsible for the _ transfer _____ of military supplies?
7. He was drinking a glass of wine _ diluted _____ with water.
8. The ball ___ bounces _______ twice before hitting the net.
9. The mist quickly _ dissipates _____ as the sun rose.
10. Put a _ sealing _____ here, it will help prevent oil leaking out.

appreciable independent effect configuration harshness
transient intermediate drag shield bulge
1. Their happiness was to be sadly _ appreciable _____.
2. Her help has made an __ effected ____ difference.
3. I have eaten too much. My stomach is _ bulge _____.
4. This herbal medicine __ transients ____ a good cure for his disease.
5. The cells have a series of _ intermediate ___ stages before they develop fully.
6. The teacher is explaining the configuration of the earth’s surface for the students.
7. Traveling two days on end, he felt sick because of the harshness of the road.
8. The republic was declared a fully