中国文化词汇大全.doc

中国文化词汇大全
风水 Fengshui; geomantic omen
阳历 Solar calendar
阴历 Lunar calendar
闰年 leap year
十二生肖zodiac
春节 the Spring Festival
元宵节 the Lantern Festival
清明节 the Tomb-sweeping Day
端午节 the Dragon-boat Festival
中秋节 the Mid-autumn Day
重阳节 the Double-ninth Day
七夕节 the Double-seventh Day
春联 spring couplets
庙会 temple fair
爆竹 firecracker
年画(traditional) New Year pictures
压岁钱 New Year gift-money
舞龙dragon dance
元宵 sweet sticky rice dumplings
花灯 festival lantern
灯谜 lantern riddle
舞狮 lion dance
踩高跷 stilt walking
赛龙舟 dragon boat race
胡同hutong
山东菜 Shandong cuisine
川菜 Sichuan cuisine
粤菜 Canton cuisine
扬州菜 Yangzhou cuisine
月饼 moon cake
年糕 rice cake
油条 deep-fried dough sticks
豆浆 soybean milk
馒头 steamed buns
花卷 steamed twisted rolls
包子 steamed stuffed buns
北京烤鸭 Beijing roast duck
拉面 hand-stretched noodles
馄饨 wonton (dumplings in soup)
豆腐 tofu； bean curd
麻花 fried dough twist
烧饼 clay oven rolls
皮蛋 1000 year egg; preserved egg；
蛋炒饭 fried rice with egg
糖葫芦 tomatoes on sticks
火锅hot pot
长城 the Great Wall of China
烽火台 beacon tower
秦士台皇陵 the Mausoleum of Emperor Qinshihuang
兵马俑 Terracotta Warriors and Horses
大雁塔 Big Wild Goose Pagoda
丝绸之路the Silk Road
敦煌莫高窟Mogao Grottoes
华清池 Huaqing Hot Springs
五台山"Wutai Mountain
九华山 Jiuhua Mountain
蛾眉山Mount Emei
泰山 Mount Tai
黄山 Mount Huangshan; the Yellow Mountain
故宫 the Imperial Palace
天坛 the Temple of Heaven
午门 Meridian Gate
大运河 Grand Canal
护城河the Moat
回音壁Echo Wall
居庸关 Juyongguan Pass
九龙壁 the Nine Dragon Wall
黄帝陵 the Mausoleum of Emperor Huangdi
十三陵 the Ming Tombs
苏州园林 Suzhou gardens
西湖 West Lake
九寨沟 Jiuzhaigou Valley
日月潭 Sun Moon Lake
布达拉宫Potala Palace
鼓楼 drum tower
四合院 quadrangle; courtyard complex
孔庙 Confucius Temple
乐山大佛 Leshan Giant Buddha
十八罗汉 the Eighteen Disciples of the Buddha
喇嘛Lama
转世灵童 reincarnated soul boy
中药 traditional Chinese medicine
《黄帝内经》Emperor Huangdi，s Canon of Traditional Chinese Medicine
《神农本草经》Shennong，s Herbal Classic
《本草纲目》Compendium of Materia Medica
针灸 acupuncture
推拿 medical massage
切脉 feeling the pulse
五禽戏 five-animal exercises
旧石器时代 the Paleolithic Age
新石器时代 the Neolithic Age; New Stone Age
母系氏族社会 matriarchal clan society
封建的feudal
朝代 dynasty
秦朝 Qin Dynasty
汉朝 Han Dynasty
唐朝 Tang Dynasty
宋朝 Song Dynasty
元朝 Yuan Dynasty
明朝 Ming Dynasty
清朝 Qing Dynasty
秦士台皇帝 Emperor Qinshihuang; the First Emperor of Qin
皇太后 Empress Dowager
汉高祖刘邦 Liu Bang, Emperor Hangaozu, founder of the Han Dynasty
成吉思汗Genghis Khan
春秋时期 the Spring and Autumn Period
文成公主 Tang Princess Wencheng
慈禧太后 Empress Dowager Ci Xi
皇帝，君主 emperor; monarch
诸侯vassal
皇妃 imperial concubine
丞相，宰相 prime minister
太监 court eunuch
少数民族 ethnic minority
祭祀 offer sacrifices
西域 the Western Regions
战国 the Warring States
中华文明 Chinese civilization
文明的摇篮 cradle of civilization
秦始皇统一中国 unification of the country by Emperor Qinshihuang
鸦片战争the Opium War
太平天国 the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom
戌戌变法 the Reform Movement of 1898
辛亥革命 the 1911 Revolution
新民主主义革命 New-democratic Revolution
五四运动 the May 4th Movement of 1919
南昌起义 Nanchang Uprising
918 事变 September 18th Incident
长征 the Long March
西安事变 Xi"an Incident
南京大屠杀Nanjing Massacre
抗日战争 the War of Resistance Against Japan
毛泽东 Mao Tse-tong
孙中山 Sun Yat-sen
蒋介石 Chiang Kai-shek
国民党 Kuomingtang
中华人民共和国 the People’s Republic of China (PRC)
满族 Manchu
蒙古人Mongol
士大夫 scholar-officials
学者 scholar
诗人 poet
政治家statesman
社会地位social status
中国社会词汇
多元文化论 cultural pluralism
文化适应 acculturation
社会保障 social security
班车 shuttle bus
相定迁户 a relocated unit or household
大龄青年 single youth above the normal matrimonial age
独生子女 the only child in a family
单亲 single parent
福利彩票 welfare lotteries
家政服务 household management service
民工 migrant laborers
名人 celebrity
农村剩余劳动力 surplus rural labor/laborers
青春期 puberty
全民健身运动 nationwide fitness campaign
全国人口普查 nationwide census
社会保险 social insurance
暂住证 temporary residence permit/card
青少年犯罪 juvenile delinquency
性骚扰 sexual harassment
走私 smuggling
*性另歧视 gender/sexual discrimination
年龄歧视 age discrimination
工作歧视 job discrimination
享乐主义hedonism
文盲 illiteracy
贫富分化 disparity between the rich and the poor
盗版 pirated/illegal copies
一国两制 One Country, Two Systems
三个代表 the Three Represents Theory
两会（人大、政协）Two Conferences (NPC and CPPCC)
南南合作 South-South Cooperation
南北对话 North-South Dialog
人大常委会 People’s Congress Standing Committee
法制观念 awareness of law
法制国家 a country with an adequate legal system
改革开放 reform and opening-up
公务员 civil servants
官僚主义作风 the bureaucratic style of work
和谐并存 harmonious coexistence
计划生育 family planning
计划生育基本国策 the basic state policy of family planning
4青才申文明建设 the construction of spiritual civilization
居委会 neighborhood committee
科教兴国 national rejuvenation through science and education
可持续发展 sustainable development
廉洁高效 honesty and high efficiency
两岸关系 cross-straits relations
两岸谈判 cross-straits negotiations
领 土完整 territorial integrity
民族精神 national spirit
普选制 general election system
求同存异 seek common ground while shelving differences
人大代表NPC member
物质文明和精神文明 material and spiritual civilization
小康社会 a well-off society
小康水平 a well-off standard
一个中国原则 the one-China principle
与时俱进 keep pace with the times
综合国力 overall national strength
共同愿望common desire
“走出去”（战略）going global
不结盟 non-alignment
单边主义 unilateralism
多边政策 multilateralism
多极世界 multipolar world
人 口 老龄化 aging of population
人口出生率birth rate
社区月服务 community service
道德法庭 court of ethics
盗用公款embezzlement
成人夜校 night school for adults
在职进修班 on-job training courses
政治思想教育 political and ideological education
毕业生分酉己 graduate placement; assignment of graduate
充电 update one’s knowledge
初等教育 elementary education
大学城 college town
大学社区 college community
高等教育 higher education
高等教育“211 工程” the “211 Project” for higher education
高等学府 institution of higher education
综合性大学 comprehensive university
文科院校 colleges of (liberal) arts
理工科大学 college / university of science and engineering
师范学院 teachers’ college; normal college
高分低能 high scores and low abilities
高考(university/college) entrance examination
高校扩招 the college expansion plan
教育界 education circle
教育投入 input in education
九年义务教育 nine-year compulsory education
考研 take the entrance exams for postgraduate schools
课外活动 extracurricular activities
必修课 required/compulsory course
选修课 elective/optional course
基础课 basic courses
专业课 specialized courses
课程表 school schedule
教学大纲 teaching program; syllabus
学习年限 period of schooling
学历 record of formal schooling
学分 credit
启发式教学 heuristic teaching
人才交流 talent exchange
人才竞争 competition for talented people
商务英语证书 Business English Certificate (BEC)
适龄儿童入学率 enrollment rate for children of school age
升学率 proportion of students entering schools of a higher grade; enrollment rate
硕博连读 a continuous academic project that involves postgraduate and doctoral study
素质教育 quality-oriented education
填鸭式教学 cramming method of teaching
希望工程Project Hope
走读生 extern; non-resident student
住宿生boarder
研究生 graduate student; post-graduate (student)
应届毕业生 graduating student; current year’s graduate
校园数字化 campus digitalization
校园文化 campus culture
学汉语热 enthusiasm in learning Chinese
学历教育 education with record of formal schooling
学龄儿童school-ager
学前教育 preschool education
学生减负 alleviate the burden on students
应试教育 exam-oriented education
职业道德 work ethics; professional ethics
记者招待会press conference
国家教委 State Education Commission
国家统计局 State Statistical Bureau
职业培训job training
职业文盲 functional illiterate
智力引进 recruit/introduce (foreign) talents
智商 intelligence quotient (IQ)
助学行动 activity to assist the impoverished students
网络世界cyber world
网络文化cyber culture
网络犯罪cyber crime
网上购物 online shopping
高产优质 high yield and high quality
高科技园 high-tech park
工业园区 industrial park
火炬计划 Torch Program (a plan to develop new and high technology)
信息港info port
信息革命 information revolution
电子货币e-currency
人工智能 artificial intelligence (AI)
生物技术 bio-technology
克隆 cloning
基因工程 genetic engineering
转基因食品 genetically modified food (GM food)
试管婴儿 test-tube baby
基因哭变 genetic mutation
网络出版e-publishing
三维电影 three-dimensional movie
光谷 optical valley
虚拟银行virtual bank
信息化 informationization
信息高速公路 information superhighway
新兴学科 new branch of science; emerging discipline
纳米 nanometer
个人数字助理 personal digital assistant (PDA)
生态农业 environment-friendly agriculture
技术密集产品 technology-intensive product
数码科技 digital technology
同步卫星 geostationary satellite
神舟五号载人飞船 manned spacecraft Shenzhou V
风云二号气象卫星 Fengyun II meteorological satellite
登月舱 lunar module
多任务小卫星 small multi-mission satellite (SMMS)
多媒体短信服务 Multimedia Messaging Service ( MMS)
电子商务 e-business; e-commerce
电子管理e-management
办公自动化 Office Automation (OA)
信息高地 information highland
信息检索 information retrieval
电话会议 teleconference
无土栽培 soilless cultivation
超级杂交水稻super-hybrid rice
科技发展 scientific and technological advancement
重点项目key project
国家重点工程 national key projects
南水北调 South-to-North water diversion
西电东送 West-East electricity transmission project
西气东输 West-East natural gas transmission project
网络造谣 fabricating online rumors
恶意侵害他人名誉 maliciously harming the reputation of others
停止月服务 closure/shutdown of service
公司歇业 closure of business
道路封闭road closure
人为操作差错 man-made operational mistakes
生态系统 ecosystem
森林生态系统forest ecosystem
海洋生态系统marine ecosystem
垄断价格 to monopolize the price
垄断市场 to monopolize/forestall/captive/corner the market
限购私用汽车 to curb the purchase of vehicles for private use
汽车限购 vehicle purchase restrictions
汽车购买配额 vehicle purchase quotas
车牌摇号 a lottery for license plates
牌照单双号限行 odd-even license plate system
黑名单制度 a blacklist system
执业医师 practicing physician; licensed doctors
二代身份证 2nd-generation ID cards
防伪技术 anti-forgery technology
非法交易 illegal transaction
冒名顶替 identification fraud
洗钱 money laundering
挂失 to report the loss
补办 to re-apply/post-register
户籍 household registration
居住证 residence permit
山洪暴发flash floods
水位 water level
低洼地区 low-lying areas
淹没农田 to inundate crops
大桥蜂塌 bridge collapse
最严重受灾地区 worst-hit/worst-stricken area
直接经济损失direct economic loss
应急系统 emergency response system
闯红灯 running red light
遮挡、污损号牌 blocking or defacing license plates
扣分处罚point penalty
酒驾 drunk driving
终身禁驾 lifetime ban from driving

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