（同步课堂）八年级英语下册 Unit 10《I've had this bike for three years》（讲）（含解析）（新版）人教新目标版-（新版）人教新目标版初中八年级下册英语教案.doc

I've had this bike for three years
一、教材分析
本单元继续学习现在完成时。能听懂谈论人们拥有某物多长时间的话题，能熟练运用since, for 谈论自己的个人物品。能正确使用瞬间动词和延续性动词。
二、重、难点知识点提示
1. 学习现在完成时表示过去某一段时间已经开始一直持续到现在的动作或者状态的用法。
2. 能正确使用瞬间动词和延续性动词。
三、重点知识点讲解：
考点（一）词语辨析
Ⅰ. since 与for辨析
since 与for 在现在完成时态中的用法：
since 其后接时间点或时态为一般过去时的句子，表示某事是从什么时候开始的 例如：
1. I’ve been a soldier since two years ago.
2. He has worked here since he came here.
for 其后接时间段，表示某事持续了多长时间 I’ve been a soldier for two years。
since +一段时间+ago= for +一段时间
【典型例题1】1.My grandmother ___ a lot of changes in Tianjin since she came here. A．sees B. can see C. will see D. has seen
【答案】D
【解析】
考点：考查现在完成时的用法。
2.—_______ have you been in the sports club?
—Since the first month I came to the school.
A. How old B. How long C. How much D. How soon
【答案】B
【解析】
试题分析：句意：--你加入运动俱乐部多长时间了？--自从上个月我来到学校。A. How old多大；B. How long多长，多久； C. How much多少； D. How soon多久以后。结合句意，故选B。
考点：考查疑问词辨析。
Ⅱ. search/ search for 辨析
search是搜寻某个地方或人，指的是搜索的客体的媒介。
search for后面加具体的客体。
如：1、He searched his pockets, but found nothing.
他翻遍了自己的口袋，什么也没找到。
2、He searched his pockets for his keys.
他翻遍了自己的口袋找钥匙。
3、We searched the whole forest for the girl.
我们搜遍了整个森林找那个小女孩。
4、We are on the way searching for truth.
我们在探求真理的路上。
【典型例题2】1. ————.the website of www．google．com, and you will learn a lot about Obama’s first official visit to China．
A．Searching B．To search C．Having searched D．Search
【答案】D
考点：词义辨析。
Ⅲ. no more/ not …any more/ no longer/ not …any longer 辨析
1. 表示数量或程度，要用 no more(后接名词，more 为形容词，不接名词，more 为名词)或 not ... any more。如：
There is no more bread. 没有面包了。
I have no more to say. 我再没有什么要说的了。
The boy doesn't want any more. 这孩子不想再要了。
2. 表示时间，no more 通常用于句末，且一般与非延续性动词连用。no longer 通常放在句中(放在行为动词之前或特殊动词之后)，可用于延续性动词和非延续性动词，此时也可用 not ... any more 或 not ... any longer。如：
We don't live here any more [longer]. / We no longer live here. 我们不住在这里了。
He knows that he is no longer young.他知道自己不再年轻。
我再也不去那里了。
正：I will go there no more.
正：I will no longer go there.
正：I won't go there any longer [any more].
(1)decide to do sth= make up one’s mind to do sth 决定做某事
(2)make a decision 做决定
【典型例题３】1. He ___ work in that company ___.
A. doesn’t any longer B. not any longer
C. doesn’t no longer D. no longer
【答案】A
【解析】

考点：考查副词短语。
2. You are _______ twenty—two . You should have more test .
A. not ---any longer B. no longer
C. not---any more D. no more
【答案】B
【解析】
试题分析：1. no longer中的longer是副词long的比较级，long有在某一时刻以后之意，着重表示时间的不再延续，意为"如今不再"。no longer等于not... any longer。 2. no more中的more是many / much的比较级，more有again之意，着重表示数量或程度的减少，意为"再也没有更多（大）的数量程度）"。no more等于not... any more。故选B表示时间的不再延续。
考点：近义词辨析。
Ⅳ.do with 、deal with辨析
do with “处理；安置”，强调处理的对象与what 连用
deal with “处理；应付”，强调处理的方式、方法，常与how连用
【典型例题4】1. I don’t know _________ the problem.
A. how deal with B. how to deal with
C. what to deal with D. what do with
【答案】B
【解析】
试题分析：句意：我不知道如何处理这个问题。deal with表示处理，与how连用，do with与what连用，同时疑问词+不定式，可以等效为宾语从句，故选B
考点：疑问词+不定式
2. We can’t decide what will happen in our life, but we can decide how we will _____it.
A. agree with B. begin with C. deal with D. come up with
【答案】C
【解析】
考点：考查动词的用法。
Ⅴ.by的用法
by doing sth 通过…方式 by studying with a group
by+ 交通工具（交通工具前不能加限定词） by bike by train
短语： by the way 顺便问一下 by accident= by chance 偶然地 by mistake 错误地 one by one 一个接一个 step by step 一步一步地 little by little 逐渐地
by the time 到……为止 by oneself 独自地 by and by 不久之后
by hand 用手 by the end of 到…… 末尾
【典型例题5】1.Lin Lin often practices English ____ chatting with her American friend.
A. in B. by C. for D. with
【答案】B
【解析】
试题分析：句意：---琳琳经常通过和她的美国朋友聊天来练习英语。by doing sth 通过……方式。结合句意，故选Ｂ。
考点：考查介词的用法。
２. -Are you going to the cinema_____ underground?
-No. I am going there______ a bus.
A. take; on B. by; take C. by; on D. by, by
【答案】C
【解析】
考点：考查介词。
考点（二）现在完成时的用法之点动词与延续性动词
点动词即该动词所表示的动作瞬间完成，不能延续很长时间也称非延续性动词。在现在完成动时当中点动词不能与段时间连用。若要表达同一含义，可以有如下表达方式。
1. 把点动词改为同义的延续性动词
borrow----keep buy---have die--- be dead finish/end ---be over start/begin----be on come/go back----be back go/leave ---be away get to know----know become---be join----be a member of / be in …. come/arrive-----be here/ in put on—wear go to sleep--- be asleep catch a cold—have a cold marry---be married
eg:( 误 ) I have bought the book for 2 weeks .
( 正 ) I have had the book for 2 weeks.
( 误 ) The dog has died for 5 days.
( 正 )The dog has been dead for 5 days.
2.It is / has been + 段时间 since + sentence ( 一般过去时)
Eg: ( 误 ) He has joined the League for three years.
( 正 )He has been in the League for three years.
( 正 ) He has been a member of the League for three years
　( 正) It is three years since he joined the League. 他入团已三年了
【典型例题6】
1.--- What a beautiful car! When ________ you ________ it? --- I ________ it for two years.
A. did; buy; bought B. did; buy; have had
C. have; bought; have bought D. have; bought; have had
【答案】B
【解析】
试题分析：句意：好漂亮的车！你何时买的？我买下两年了。for two years表示一段时间，句中谓语动词该是延续性动词。所以选B。
考点：考查动词时态。
2. —Where is Mr. Wu? I haven’t seen him for several days.
—He ________ America and he from his home since last week.
A. has been in; has left B. has gone to; has left
C. has gone to; has been away D. have been in; has been away
【答案】C
【解析】
考点：考查现在完成时的用法。
3.A: Can I _______ a book from you?
B: Certainly. But you mustn’t ______ it to others. And please remember you can only ______ it for a week.
A. borrow, lend, borrow B. lend, borrow, keep C. lend, lend, keep D. borrow, lend, keep
【答案】D
【解析】borrow 相当于主语是借进，lend 相当于主语是借出，for+一段时间，用keep，表示保管的意思，故选D
考点：考查现在完成时的用法。
考点（三）have been to / have gone to / have been in 辨析
1. have been in意为“在某地呆了多长时间”。二者都常与表示一段时间的状语连用。如：
例如：His parents have been in China for three months。
2. have been to意为“曾经去过某地”，现在已不在那里了，常与ever,just,never等词连用。其后可接once,twice等表示次数的词。如：
例如：I have been to Beijing many times。
3. have gone to意为“到某地去了”，说话时作句子主语的人不在现场，通常是第三人称作句子的主语。如：
例如：Where is Tom? He has gone to the post office。

【典型例题7】1. The Greens Tianjin since 2003.
A.have been in B.have been to C.have gone in D.have gone in
【答案】 A
考点：考查现在完成时的用法。
考点（四）重点句型
1. How long have you... ?
How long have you had that bike over there?
那边的那辆自行车你买了多久了？
2. sb. has/have done sth. for...
Amy has had her favorite book for three years.
艾米拥有她最喜欢的书3 年了。
3. sb. has/have done sth. since...
He’s owned it since his fourth birthday.
自他4 岁生日起，他拥有这个东西了。
4. Some… Others...
Some people still live in their hometown. How-
ever, others may only see it once or twice a year.
有些人仍然住在家乡。然而，另一些人可能一年只能回家乡一两次
5. As for me, I did not want to give up my football shirts, but, to be honest，I have not played for a while now.
至于我，我不想放弃我的足球衣。但是，说实在
的，我现在巳经有一段时间没有踢(足球)了。
6. Have you ever thought about having a yard sale to sell your things?
你是否曾经想过要举办一个庭院拍卖会来出售东西？
7. What would you do with the money you raise?
你会怎么处理你所筹集到的钱？
【典型例题8】1. The teacher speaks very loudly all the students can hear her.
A. so that B. because C. since
【答案】A
【解析】
试题分析：句意：老师说话很大声，以至于所以的学生都能听清。A. so that 为了； B. because 因为； C. since自从。结合句意，故选A
考点：考查连词的用法。
2. — Have you ever been to Shanghai?
— Yes. I there with my father last year.
A. went B. have been C. have gone
【答案】Ａ　
【解析】
考点：考查一般过去时的用法。
3. — Where is your father?
— He Australia and he Sydney for two weeks.
A. has been to；has been in B. has gone to；has been in C. has been in；has been to
【答案】B
【解析】
试题分析：句意：――你爸爸在哪？――他去了澳大利亚，他在悉尼呆两周。has been to表示“曾经去过某地，但现在已不在那个地方”；has gone to表示“已经去了某地，或正在去某地的途中”（即“不在这里”）；
has been in是延续性动词，结合句意故选Ｂ。
考点：考查现在完成时的用法。
4.The children decide their school yard this Friday afternoon.
A.clean B.to clean C.cleaning
【答案】B
【解析】
试题分析：句意：这周五下午孩子们决定清扫他们的校园。decide to do决定干某事。结合句意，故选B
考点：考查非谓语动词的用法。
5.— Julie，_______ have you been learning English?
--- Since six years ago.
A. when B. how far C. how soon D. how long
【答案】D
【解析】
考点：考查疑问词辨析。