非谓语动词高考难题总结学生版.doc

非谓语动词高考陷阱易错题总结归纳
一．非谓语动词和并列谓语动词的区别
1. She took her son, ran out of the house, _____ him in the car and drove quickly to the nearest doctor’s office.
A. put B. to put
C. putting D. having put
2. Hearing the news, he rushed out, ______ the book ______ on the table and disappeared into the distance.
A. left; lain open B. leaving; lying open
C. leaving; lie opened D. left; lay opened

二. 非谓语动词to do做状语和介词to加谓语的区别。
（1） How happy we are! The holiday we have been looking forward _______ at last.
A. to has come B. to have come
C. to having come D. has come
(2) I think this is the very work that we must finish ____ her.
A. to help B. help
C. helping D. helped
三.非谓语动词做状语和特殊句型的区别。
（1）_______ the road round to the right and you’ll find his house.
A. Follow B. Following
C. To follow D. Followed
（2）_______ the road round to the right, you’ll find his house.
A. Follow B. Following
C. To follow D. Followed
（3）_______ the road round to the right, the blind man asked a boy to guide him.
A. Follow B. Following
C. To follow D. Followed

四. 非谓语动词题目中could的干扰题。
（1） Everyone in our class was working hard and doing what we could _______ a good college.
A. enter B. to enter C. entering D. entered
(2) He ran as fast as he could _____ to catch the early bus.
A. to hope B. hope C. hoping D. hoped
(3) He spent every minute he could _____ spoken English.
A. practice B. to practice C. practicing D. practised

五. 独立主格结构。
（1） All her time _______ experiments, she has no time for films.
A. devoted to do B. devoted to doing
C. devoting to doing D. is devoted to doing
(2) All the preparations for the project ______, we’re ready to start.
A. completed B. have been completed
C. had been completed D. been completed
(3) All the preparations for the project ______, and we’re ready to start.
A. completed B. have been completed
C. had been completed D. been completed

高考真题

（10重庆）
30. The news shocked the public, _______to great concern about students’ safety at school.
A. having led B. led C. leading D to lead
（10浙江）
20. The traffic rule says young children under the age of four and ____ less than 40 pounds must be in a child safety seat.
A. being weighed B. to weigh C. weighed D. weighing

. (2008北京）
It is worth considering what makes "convenience" foods so popular, and ＿better ones of your own.
A. introduces B. to introduce C. introducing D. introduced

（2004北京）
I got out of the taxi, _____ the fare and dashed into the station.
A. paid B. paying
C. to pay D. having paid
（2006湖南）
The theory he sticks to ______ to be of no use in our studies.
A. proves B. prove
C. proving D. be proved

(2010上海)
That is the only way we can imagine ______ the overuse of water in students'
bathrooms.
A. reducing B. to reduce
C. reduced D. reduce

（2007重庆）
25. The children went home from the grammar school, their lessons _______ for the day.
A. finishing           B. finished             C. had finished      D. were finished

（2005上海）

At last, we found ourselves in a pleasant park with trees providing shade and ______ down to eat our picnic lunch.
A. sitting　　 B. having sat　　 C. to sit　　　D. sat

（2007湖南）
As the light turned green, I stood for a moment, not ____, and asked myself what I was going to do.
A. moved B moving C. to move D. being moved

（2004湖北）
_______straight on and you’ll see a church. You won’t miss it
A. Go B. Going C. If you go D. When going

(2008湖南）
＿ the project as planned, we'll have to work two more hours a day.
A. Completing B. Complete C. Completed D. To complete

（2008湖南）
______the website of the Fire Department in your city, and you will learn a lot about firefighting.
A. Having searched B. To search C. Searching D. Search

（2006 福建）
Before going abroad he devoted all he could _______ his oral English.
A. improve B. to improve C. improving D. to improving
(2006浙江)
The work he paid special attention _____ to nothing.
A. came B. to come C. to coming D. to came

一．非谓语动词和并列谓语动词的区别
分析句子结构，判断空格是做谓语还是状语。
1.【陷阱】容易误选B或C，误认为这考查非谓语动词的用法。
【分析】正确答案选A。句中的took, ran, put, drove 为四并列的谓语动词，其时态应一致。
2. 此题答案选B，leaving 在此表结果，lying open 与其前的动词leave有关，leave 后接现在分词作宾语补足语，表示使某人或某物处于做某事的状态中。

二. 非谓语动词to do做状语和介词to加谓语的区别。
分析句子结构，首先判断空格是做谓语还是非谓语动词；其次特别注意空格前面的动词短语的搭配是否还缺少介词to；最后看介词to是跟空格前面的动词短语搭配还是和后面的动词原形搭配。假如是和前面搭配，空格所选的项就是to加谓语。否则就是to do 做目的状语。
1. 【陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能误选。
【分析】其实正确答案是A。大家知道，短语 look forward to意为“盼望”，其中的 to 是介词，而不是不定式符号，所以后接动词要用动名词，许多同学据此便选择了C。但问题是，句中介词 to 的宾语不是have come，而是the holiday。正解的句子分析是：the holiday为句
子主语，we have been looking forward to 是修饰主语的定语从句(介词 to 的宾语是引导该定语从句的关系代词 that，被省略)，has come 是句子谓语。
2.。答案是 A。句中空格处填的动词help 并不是 finish 的宾语，正确的句子分析是：that I must finish 是修饰名词 the very work 的定语从句，finish 的宾语是引导该定语从句的关系代词 that，其后的不定式 to help her 是目的状语。
三.非谓语动词做状语和特殊句型的区别。
这里所讲的特殊句型是：祈使句，and/or+主语+will +谓语+宾语。 假如两个句子之间有连词and/or等，就选动词原形。没有连词的话，证明空格是做状语，根据具体情况选择非谓语动词的各种形式。
1.【陷阱】容易误选B或C，误认为这是非谓语动词作状语。
【分析】正确答案选A。根据句中的连词and 可推知它是一个并列句。
2.B 3.C 目的状语。

四. 非谓语动词题目中could的干扰题。
分析句子结构，不要一看到情态动词就选动词原形。先判断could后面是否省略了do, 如果是的话一般选to do. 如果could前的谓语动词和答案是固定搭配的话，就根据搭配来选。如果排除以上两种情况，就要考虑是否是伴随状语doing。
1.【陷阱】容易误选A。有的同学一看到空格前的情态动词 could 就断定此处应填动词原形 enter。
【分析】其实正确答案应是B。此句为省略句，即在 could 后省略了动词 do，若把句子补完整应为Everyone in our class was working hard and doing what we could do to enter a good college。即句中的不定式短语(to enter a good college)是用作目的状语的，而不是与情态动词(could)一起构成谓语。请再看类似例句：
(1) They did what they could to comfort her. 他们尽量安慰她。
(2) They did everything they could to save her life. 他们尽一切力量拯救她的性命。
(3) He studies as hard as he could to catch up with his classmates. 他拼命学习以便赶上他的同学。
2.此题的答案是 C不是A，其中的现在分词短语 hoping to catch the early bus 用作伴随状语。
3. 此题答案选 C，这与前面动词 spent 的搭配有关，即 spend … (in) doing sth。若将此句补充完整，即为 He spent every minute he could spend in practising spoken English.
五. 非谓语动词中独立主格结构的用法。
在用分词短语作状语时，它的逻辑主语一般必须与句子的主语一致。但当前面主语不一致时，它可以有自己独立的逻辑上的主语，这种结构称为独立主格结构。做题时分析句子结构，重点看前后主语是否一致。
1.【陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能误选。
【分析】此题最佳答案为B。现分析如下：
(1) devote 意为“致力于，献身于”，主要用 devote…to…或be devoted to，其中的to 是介词，不是不定式符号，故后接动词时要用动名词，不用不定式。

(2) 选A错误：若将 do 改为 doing 则可以。
(3) 选B正确：all her time devoted to doing experiments为独立主格结构，用作状语。
(4) 选C错误：因为all her time 与 devote 为被动关系，故应将devoting改为devoted。
(5) 选D错误：若单独看 All her time is devoted to doing experiments，此句并没有错，但问题是逗号前后两个简单句没有必要的连接方式，所以从整体上看仍不对，假若在后一句的句首加上and或so，则可选D，或将D将中的is 改为 being也可选它。
2.A 3. 答案选B，因为句中使用了并列连词and：

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