test-for-translation-elective-course.doc

翻译练习
第一部分 单句翻译
替换
(1) His weariness and increasing heat determined him to sit down in the first convenient shade. (词性转换，结构转换)
(2) Millions of the people in the mountainous areas are finally off poverty. (词性转换)
(3) Bitterness fed on the man who had made the world laugh. (表达方式转换)
(4) It is a good workman that never blunders.(正反说法转换)
(5) 我今天所说的话不足以表达我内心的情感。(词性转换)
(6) 越南战争不断地消耗着美国的资源。(词性转换)
(7) 使我们失望的是他不顾大局。(正反说法转换)
增减
(1) She had treated him with interest, with encouragement, with malice, with indifference, with contempt. (逻辑增词)
(2) A nearby object falling into a black hole is never heard from again. (表达增词)
(3) Richmond Park was full of reminiscences, many going back to early childhood. (语义增词)
(4) When the pressure gets low, the boiling point becomes low. (省略动词)
(5) Never trouble yourself with trouble till trouble troubles you. (省略名词)
(6) 她的朋友们听到她家中的困难情况后，都主动伸出援助之手。（省略范畴词语）
(7)  结婚大办酒席，实在可以免去了。（增加概括性词语）
(8) 我不觉得用英语与外国人交谈有什么困难。（增加形式宾语it）
分合
(1)The dust, the uproar and the growing dark threw everything into chaos.(切分单句)
(2)To allay the public alarm, General Howe issued a proclamation on the 27th, promising the strictest regularity and order on the part of his army, with security of person and property to all who remained quietly at home, and pardon to those under arms who would promptly return to their obedience.(切分长句)
(3) He was very clean. His mind was open. (相邻单句合并)
(4)She is very busy at home. She has to take care of the children and do the kitchen work. (相邻单句合并)
(5)看门人惊呆了，喘着粗气，摇摇晃晃地走下楼梯。(合并)
(6)这次大会充分发扬了民主，大家心情舒畅，生动活泼；真正开成了一个团结的大会，胜利的大会。(分译)
直译与意译
(1) We had to contend with a foe armed to the teeth. (直译)
(2) Following the rule of an eye for an eye will only lead to further tragedies. (直译)
(3)正如外交部发言人所说的，解铃最好还是系铃人。(意译)

第二部分 篇章翻译
1. 汉译英
“陪读妈妈”赔上青春
随着越来越多的中国孩子来新加坡求学，“陪读妈妈”已逐渐成为新加坡社会的一个特殊群体。尽管社会对她们的褒贬不一，但由她们的经历引伸出的对新加坡教育的思考却更发人深省。
的确，作为中国学生出国留学的选择地，新加坡有其独特的优势：法律健全，环境优美，社会治安良好，双语社会，华人居多，生活容易适应，又允许妈妈陪读。但实际情况如何，新加坡真的是教育天堂吗？
中国学生大多是通过新加坡设在中国的中介公司介绍来新。来新前，中介公司的宣传天花乱坠：负责为孩子安排学校，妈妈很容易找到工作，足够支付孩子的学费，而且还会有剩余。
可来新后的实际情况如何？中介不仅迟迟不介绍学校，多数妈妈只得自己找学校，还要支付额外的费用，而且政府对陪读妈妈的工作准证控制严格，她们从国内带来的生活费花完了，想回国，回不去；留下来，生计问题迫在眉睫。真是欲哭无泪！
于是，出现了被逼无奈从事按摩业的陪读妈妈。尽管这部分人只是少数，而且绝大多数都是实出无奈而为之，但陪读妈妈却因此被另眼相看，从而使她们在新加坡的生活更加艰辛。
追根朔源，这些问题的产生在很大程度上与中介的误导有关。既然新加坡政府希望开放留学市场，尤其是希望吸引更多的中国学生前来，就应当首先规范这一市场，使之不枉“法律健全”社会之美名。
试想，如果中介公司能够公正、客观地介绍新加坡的求学和生活情况，或者干脆把门槛设得高一些，让希望来新求学的孩子和妈妈们根据自己的实际情况做出选择，有些经济条件不富裕的家庭可能就会在权衡利弊之后，作出明智的选择。
虽然这样做可能会使新加坡损失一些经济上的收入，但由此而产生的社会问题却会减少许多。这难道不是一种对己对人负责任的做法吗？

2.英译汉
Give part of yourself away
·We are living in one of those periods in human history which are marked by revolutionary changes in all of man’s ideas and values. It is a time when every one of us must look within himself to find what ideas, what beliefs, and what ideals each of us will live by. And unless we find these ideals, and unless we stand by them firmly, we have no power to overcome the crisis in which we in our world find ourselves.
·I believe in people, in sheer, unadulterated humanity. I believe I listening to what people have to say, in helping them to achieve the things which they want and the things which they need. Naturally, there are people who behave like beasts, who kill, who cheat, who lie and who destroy. But without a belief in man and a faith in his possibilities for the future, there can be no hope for the future, but only bitterness that the past has gone. I believe we must, each of us, make a philosophy by which we can live. There are people who make a philosophy out of believing in nothing. They say there is no truth, that goodness is simply cleverness in disguising your own selfishness. They say that life is simply the short gap in between an unpleasant birth and an inevitable death. There are others who say that man is born into evil and sinfulness and that life is a process of purification through suffering and that death is the reward for having suffered.
·I believe these philosophies are false. The most important thing in life is the way it is lived, and there is no such thing as an abstract happiness, an abstract anything, except in terms of the person who believes and who acts. There is only the single human being who lives and who, through every moment of his own personal living experience, is being happy or unhappy, noble or base, wise or unwise, or simply existing.