托福综合写作例文解析TPO 21.docx

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托福综合写作例文解析TPO 21
摘要： 托福综合写作例文解析TPO 21，同学们，如果你觉得你对托福写作考试没有什么把握，尤其是综合写作部分，感觉不知道如何下手，不知所措，那么或许如下的托福综合写作例文解析能够给你以启示。

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阅读材料：

Genetic modification, a process used to change an organism’s genes and hence its characteristics, is not being used to improve trees. Through genetic modification, it

is possible to create trees that produce more fruit, grow faster, or withstand adverse conditions. Planting genetically modified trees on a large scale promises to bring a number of benefits.

基因改良是通过改变有机体的基因，进而改变其性状的过程。目前还没有用来改 良树木。通过基因改良，可能创造出具有产量高、生长快、抗逆强特点的树木。 很大程度上，种植基因改良树木可以带来诸多益处。

First, genetically modified trees are designed to be harder than nature trees; that it, they are more likely to survive than their unmodified counterparts. In Hawaii, for example, a new pest-­‐resistant species of papaya tree has been developed in response to ring-­‐spot virus infections that have repeatedly damaged the native papaya-­‐tree population. Planting the genetically modified papayas has largely put an end to the ring-­‐spot problem.

首先，基因改良树木设计得比天然树木更能承受不良环境。也就是说，相对于它 们没有改良的同类，它们更易存活。比如，在夏威夷有一种新的抗虫害的番木瓜 树。这种树可以抵抗环斑病毒的感染，而正是这种环斑病毒常常会降低当地番木 瓜树的数量。种植这种基因改良的番木瓜可以很大程度上解决环斑病毒的问题。

Moreover, genetically modified trees promise to bring a number of economic benefits to those who grow them. Genetically modified trees tend to grow faster, give greater yields – of food, fruit, or other products – and be hardier. This allows tree farmers to get faster and greater returns on their farming investment and save on pesticides as well.

而且，基因改良的树木据信可以给种植者带来巨大的经济利益。基因改良的树木 基因改良更快。同时产量更高，也就是说可以获得更多的粮食、水果以及其他 产品。而且，这些树木抗逆性更好。这样就能是的弄明可以更多而且更多地收回

投资，同时节约杀虫剂的花费。

Finally, the use of genetically modified trees can prevent overexploitation of wild trees. Because of the growing demand for firewood or building timber, many forests around the world are being cut down faster than they can be replaced. Introducing genetically modified trees – designed for fast growth and high yield in given geographic conditions – would satisfy the demand for wood in many of those areas and save the endangered native trees, which often include unique or rare species.

最后，种植基因改良树木可以减少对野生树木的过度开发。由于对于木柴和建筑 木材的越来越大，世界上森林砍伐的速度超过了再生速度。引入在相同地里条件 下生长更快、产量更大的改良树木可以很多地方对于木材的需求，这样可以保护 那些独特而稀少的濒危野生树种。

阅读部分需要提取的观点是：

-­‐ Main point: 基因改良树木优点很多

-­‐ Sub point 1: 可以抵御病虫害

-­‐ Sub point 2: 可以提高农民的收入

-­‐ Sub point 3: 可以保护天然森林

听力材料：

Sure, there is benefit to planting genetically modified trees, but are these trees really as great as they first sound? When you examine the subjects closely, there are some serious problems and causes associated with the using of genetic modified trees.

当然，种植基因改良树木是有好处的，但是真的有利到可以作为首选作物吗?当

你仔细审视这些理由的时候，就会发现基因改良树木会带来一些严重的问题。

First, genetically modified trees may be resistant to one particular condition, but it doesn’t necessarily ensure their survival. You see: a typical non-­‐modified tree population is genetically diverse. That means that for most threatening conditions, for climate, insects, and pests, whatever, there will be at least some individual trees of any given species tree that are resistant. So, even if the most of one kind of tree were killed, those few resistant ones will survive and ensure the survival of that species of tree. But, genetically modified trees are genetically much more uniform, so if there is supposed to an environmental challenge they have not been designed for, they will all die. So, if the climate changes or new pest engages in, the genetically modified trees will likely be completely wagged out.

首先，基因改良树木可能对某种特定问题有抵抗力，但是这却不足以保证它们的 生存。你看，非基因改良的树木种群是具有基因多样性的。这就意味着无论何种 树木，即便是在遭遇极端气候灾害或者虫害的情况下，都至少有部分个体对灾害 有抵抗能力。所以，即便种群中的大多数都死亡了，那么少数有抵抗力的存活下 来也能保证这个种群的延续。但是对于基因改良树木基因是一直的，所以当他们 受到他们基因设计里不能低于的环境挑战时，他们会全部死亡。所以，当气候发 生变化或者有新的害虫出现，那么基因改良树木就将全部死亡。

That is the second point. There are hidden causes associated with the growing genetically modified trees. You see, the company that genetically modified tree can charge tree farmers much more for its seeds than unmodified tree seeds would cost. Also, after you’ve grown the tree, you cannot just collect the seeds and plant the new tree for free. By law, you have to pay the company every time you plant.

现在说第二点。在基因改良树木的生长过程中伴随着一些隐含问题。你看，公司

都是以高于天然种子很多的价格向农民出售基因改良树木种子的。同时，你现在 不能再每年收获之后收集种子，然后来年免费再种了。因为根据法律规定，你每 年都必须向种子公司支付费用。

And finally, genetically modified trees might actually cause even more damage to the local wild trees. You see, genetically modified trees often grow more aggressively than natural trees do. And genetically modified trees are typically planted among natural trees. As a result, the genetically modified trees out compete the native trees for resources: sunlight, soil nutrition and water. Eventually, crowd out the nature trees.

最后，基因改良树木可能会对本土野生树木造成更多的损害。你看，基因改良树 木相对于天然树木生长的更为迅猛。而且，基因改良树木一般来说跟天然树木是 共同生长的。那么结果就是，基因改良树木会抢占天然树木的资源，诸如阳光、 土壤和水等。慢慢地，基因改良树木就会挤走天然树木。

听力笔记内容：

-­‐Main point: 优点之中都存在问题

-­‐Sub point one: 如果遇到不能抵御的病虫害，可能会全部死亡

-­‐Sub point two: 会增加农民的成本，因为种子公司有权每年收费

-­‐Sub point three: 会损害天然森林，因为会争夺自然资源

例文(仅供参考)

In the lecture, the professor claims that although they may be some benefit, planting genetic modified trees will bring potential problems and costs. She totally opposes

the three statements made in the reading passage.

Firstly, the professor indicates that genetic modified trees may resistant, but this cannot guarantee their survival. She points out that in fact the unity of genes within genetic modified plant will increase their likelihood to wipe out when there is some threatening situation. The professor counters the claim made by the reading passage.

Secondly, the professor opposes the reading passage by pointing out there is hidden cost behind modification trees. Though genetic modification trees may provide more products or can save pesticide, their seeds are usually charged at a higher price. In addition, according to the law, a farmer has to pay for the seed each time they plant the trees. This will not bring any economic benefit mentioned in the reading passage.

Last but not least, the professor opposes the statement that genetic modification trees will prevent overexploit of wild trees. In fact, genetic modification trees tend to grow aggressively and can easily exhaust the resource of normal trees. This will bring disastrous result for the local vegetation.

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