高考短文改错及常见错误类型名师优质课获奖市赛课一等奖课件.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,本幻灯片资料仅供参考，不能作为科学依据，如有不当之处，请参考专业资料。,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,本幻灯片资料仅供参考，不能作为科学依据，如有不当之处，请参考专业资料。,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,本幻灯片资料仅供参考，不能作为科学依据，如有不当之处，请参考专业资料。,高考短文改错,及常见错误类型,杨初升,第1页,题型考查特征,高考短文改错是知识和能力综合测试题型。主要考查考生在语篇中综合利用英语知识准确性及词、句、篇和语法综合水平。高考短文改错题设置考点灵活多变，知识层次多，覆盖面广，包含词法、句法、行文逻辑以及语篇结构等，是一个在较高层次上考查考生对英语知识掌握和语言综合利用能力测试题型。,第2页,经过检测考生发觉、判断、纠正文章错误能力，进而考查学生词法、句法及行文逻辑等方面水平，考查学生在语篇中综合利用英语能力，考生英语水平高低完全能够从这一题型表达出来，然而很多考生对该题感到束手无策。问题关键在于找不到错误、不会找错误。那么怎样找错误、发觉错误就成了解题必要所在。,第3页,选材命题特征,短文改错文体多为第一/三人称记叙文、应用文(以书信为主)。普通在110词左右。所选取语言材料贴近实际生活，多为考生所熟知，且话题贴近学生，有带点幽默，有包含教育意义。文字浅显易懂，材料中没有生僻、超纲词汇；句子结构简单，基本上是简单句和并不复杂复合句；语言地道，符合英语语言习惯。,第4页,解题步骤,：,通读全文，掌握大意；,整句分析，逐行推敲，上下文联络，先易后难；,答题规范（三种格式）,第5页,常见错误类型,（1）谓语动词,（2）非谓语动词,（3）名词,（4）定冠词和不定冠词,（5）代词,（6）形容词和副词,（7）数词,（8）介词,（9）连词,.,第6页,(一)常见动词错误类型,1.普通现在时与普通过去时错用;,Eg:They did not want me to do any,work at home;they want me to devote,all my time to my studies.,do,第7页,2.and前后动词时态不一致,Eg:As we climbed the mountain,we fed,monkeys,visiting temples and told,stories.,visited,第8页,3.主谓不一致,Eg:One evening she told me that something happened when her parents was out.,were,第9页,4.缺乏动词,尤其是be动词;,Eg:There will an important game next month.,be,第10页,5.第三人称单数形式错用,Eg:He often go to school at seven.,goes,第11页,6.主动语态和被动语态错用,Eg:Ill show you around many places of,interest,introduced a large number of,old buildings to you.,introducing,第12页,(二)非谓语动词常见错误,and连接不定式或动名词前后不一致(尤其距离较远时);,Eg：I particularly enjoyed driving through,the countryside with you and saw the,seeing,changing colors of the leaves on the trees.,第13页,2.介词后用动名词形式作宾语;,Eg：Children may not develop the habit,of read and the ability to enjoy,themselves.,reading,第14页,3.不定式、动名词作主语、宾语时,Eg：But his parents think go to college,is more important than playing,sports.,going,going,第15页,4.一些动词后要求接动名词或不定式。,Eg:Soon I began to enjoy talk to myself on paper.,talking,第16页,(三)名词常见错误,1.单复数名词错用,Eg：I will get good marks in all my subject.,subjects,第17页,2.可数名词与不可数名词错用,Eg：Their word were a great,encouragement to me.,Without enough knowledges,you can,never teach well.,words,knowledge,第18页,（四）,冠词,错误,1.误用a和an(依据单词第一个音素来判定),Eg：I usually spend half a hour on my morning exercises.,an,第19页,2.误用a/an和the（固定搭配，或泛指、特指）,Eg：We may be one family and live under a same roof.,the,第20页,3.多冠词或少冠词,Eg：As everyone knows,its famous mountain.,a,I hope you have pleasant journey.,a,第21页,（五）代词常见错误,1.代词主格和宾格(I/me;he/him;she/her;we/us they/them)错误;,Eg:Thatll be a wonderful chance for she to experience English culture.,her,第22页,2.代词单数和复数使用错误,Eg:Twenty-six percent of the students say that English stories are his favorite.,their,第23页,3.反身代词(myself/yourself/himself/herself/themselves/ourselves)使用错误;,Eg:How about writing to Tom by himself?,yourself,第24页,4.代词指代错误,Eg:There was a beauteful park with many trees around them.,it,第25页,5.多代词或少代词,Eg:Although he suffers a great deal,he never loses his heart.,第26页,(六)形容词和副词错误,1.系动词后用形容词,(be/am/is/are/was/were/become/go/感官性动词smell/feel);,Eg：My pronunciation was terribly.,terrible,第27页,2.词性误用(形容词修饰名词;副词修饰动词、形容词或副词),Eg：Im sure well have a wonderfully time together.,wonderful,第28页,(七)数词常见错误,。,基、序数词交换,In the early nineteen century,China was weak,and Hong Kong was,so good a place that many foreign,countries wanted to have it.,nineteenth,第29页,（八）介词错误,1.词组中介词误用;介词意思了解偏差,Eg：There are too many people among my family.,in,in,第30页,2.介词多用或少用,Eg：I was so tired that I fell asleep at the moment my head touched the pillow.,第31页,（九）连词错误,连词包含关系代词、副词，并列连词and/or/but等。关于连词，普通考查,从句关系who/whom/whose/what/which/how/why/when/where/if/whether,等。,第32页,Eg：I have a good friend whos name is Liu Mei.,I teach them,play with them,but watch them growing up.,Clever as she is,but she works very hard.,whose,and,第33页,课堂小任务,请你修改作文，文中共有十处语言错误，每句中最多有2处，每处错误仅包括一个单词增加、删除或修改。,增加,：在缺词处增加一个,漏字符号（），,并其下面写出该加词。,删除,：把多出词用,斜线（）,划掉。,修改,：在错词下面,画一横线,，并在,该词下面写出修改后词。,第34页,Hong Kong lies in southeast of China.It covers a area of one thousand and ninety-two square kilometer.It has a population of over six millions.Hong Kong belong to China all the time in history.In the early nineteen century,China was weak,and Hong Kong was so good place that many foreign countries want to have it.In the end the British imperialists took Hong Kong with force,so ruled it for one and a half centuries.,第35页,Hong Kong lies in southeast of China.,It covers a area of one thousand and,ninety-two square kilometer.,the,an,kilometers,第36页,It has a population of over six millions.,Hong Kong belong to China all the time in,history.,million,belongs,第37页,In the early nineteen century,China,was weak,and Hong Kong was so good,place that many foreign countries want,to have it.,nineteenth,a,wanted,第38页,In the end the British imperialists took,Hong Kong with force,so ruled it for,one and a half centuries.,by,and,第39页,总结（summary）,1.句中各部分结构是否完整，尤其是每个句子要有动词，如谓语动词时态、语态；还有非谓语动词使用方法等。,2.名词单、复数，格使用是否正确,3.定冠词和不定冠词是否正确,4.代词格和性使用是否有误;,5.并列句中并列连词、主从复合句中隶属连词用是否得当,6.定语从句中关系代词、副词是否准确无误。,第40页,总结,四标准,（summary）,改动以最少为标准;,虚词以添加或删除为标准;,实词以改变词形为标准,以保持句子原意为标准。,总之，从历年全国高考题来看，短文改错绝大多数题目还是句子层次问题，侧重,语言准确性,，所以 对,句子结构正确是否审查,是关键一步。,第41页,Thank you,!,第42页,