Lesson ThreeGoods Move.doc

Lesson Three Goods Move. People Move. Ideas Move. And Cultures Change.

Erla Zwingle
Introduction
What is the topic of Lesson Three?
Do you know something about globalization?
How do you view globalization? What does globalization result in ?
Globalization (From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia) in its literal sense is the process of transformation of local or regional phenomena into global ones. It can be described as a process by which the people of the world are unified into a single society and function together. This process is a combination of economic, technological, sociocultural and political forces
Language Points:
1. throes: (plural) violent pains, esp. at the moment of death
in the throes of sth/doing sth: in the middle of an activity, esp. a difficult or complicated one 正在做，忙于
e.g. The country was in the throes of revolutionary change.
国家正处于革命动荡中。
2. tectonic: large plates which make up the earth’s crust. Slow but powerful movements of tectonic plates against one another produce geological upheavals such as volcanoes, earthquakes and mountain building. Hence any such changes seem profound and inexorable地壳构造的
3. assortment: variety 各种各样
an assortment of: a variety of
e.g. a wide assortment of gifts to choose from
He was dressed in an odd assortment of clothes. 他穿着奇装异服
4. dislodge sth(from sth): force or knock sth out of its position. 强行去除，取出，移动
e.g. The wind dislodged one or two tiles from the roof.
5. quarter: a district or a part of a town
6. clime: a region with reference to its climate 地域
7. The Communist Manifesto/ The Manifesto of the Communist Party: Karl Marx(1818.5.5－1883.3.14) was an idealist. He observed the cruelties and injustices that the poor working class endured during the period of industrial revolution, and was inspired to write of a society in which no oppression existed for any class of people. Marx believed in a revolution that would end socialism and capitalism, and focus on communist principles. The Manifesto of the Communist Party, written by Karl Marx and edited by Frederick Engels (1820-1895), describes the goals of the communist party for ending exploitation of the working class and creating a society in which there is equality in society without social classes.
7. caravan: A company of travelers journeying together, as across a desert or through hostile territory; a large covered vehicle商队，旅行队，大篷车
8. afield: away (from ) home
9. intricate: having a lot of different parts and small details that fit together 错综复杂的
e.g. a novel with an intricate plot 情节复杂的小说
an intricate instrument复杂的仪器
anthropologist: [ ænθrə‘pɔlədʒist ]    n. 人类学家
assault: [ ə‘sɔ:lt ]    n. 攻击,突袭v. 袭击,突袭1. close fighting during the culmination of a military attack 2.attack someone physically or emotionally
1.They made an assault on the enemy’s position.  他们突袭敌人的阵地。
2.Six women have been assaulted in the area recently.  最近这一带有六个女子遭受攻击。
equate: [ i‘kweit ]    v. 同等看待,使相等vt. 等同,使相等consider or describe as similar, equal, or analogous ;be equivalent or parallel, in mathematics 1.He equates poverty with misery.  他认为贫穷就是不幸.2.You can’t equate the education system of Britain to that of Germany.  不能把英国教育制度与德国教育制度等同起来.3.“Nowadays, many people equate passing examinations with being educated.”  当今很多人把考试及格与受过教育等同起来。
agenda: [ ə‘dʒendə ]    n. 议事日程a list of matters to be taken up (as at a meeting)
1.Let’s go on to the next item on the agenda.  我们讨论议程表上的下一项吧
2.This agenda will form the basis of our next meeting.  本议程将成为下次会议的中心议题.
flatten: [ ‘flætn ]    v. 变单调,变平,打倒 make flat or flatter
1.He was totally flattened by her sarcasm.  她说的挖苦话使他无地自容.
2.The land flattens out near the coast.  海岸附近地势变得很平坦.
crease: [ kri:s ]    n. 折痕vt 使...起折痕
an angular or rounded shape made by folding ;make wrinkled or creased
1.A crease in the skin, especially on the face; a wrinkle.  皱纹皮肤褶皱，尤指脸上的；皱纹
2.Be careful not to crease up my book.  小心别把我的书弄皱了。
3.The flaps of his jacket pocket were sewn down so that they did not crease or wrinkle.  他的夹克口袋上的口袋盖给缝上了，这样就不会打皱。
Popular factions sprout to exploit nationalist anxieties. 反映公众情绪的派别。
faction: [ ‘fækʃən ]    n. 小派系,内讧
1. a clique (often secret) that seeks power usually through intrigue 2. a dissenting clique
1.The party split into petty factions.  该党分裂成若干小派系。2. The faction from the extreme left is trying to elbow its way into power by short-cutting the democratic process.  这个极左小集团试图通过走民主程序的捷径，设法挤进有影响的机构。
反映公众情绪的派别萌生利用民族主义的焦虑。
The Boxers Movement: The Boxer Rebellion, also known as the Uprising of the Boxers, or the Righteous Harmony Movement (义和团运动) in Chinese, was a violent anti-foreign, anti-religious movement by the "Righteous Harmonious Fists, Yihe tuan义和团 [1] or Righteous and Harmonious Fists in China (known as "Boxers" in English), between 1898 and 1901. In response to capitalist expansion, growth of imperialistic influences, missionaries, and against the backdrop of state fiscal crisis and natural disasters, local organizations began to emerge in Shanghai in 1897. At first, they were relentlessly suppressed by the Qing Dynasty (also known as the Manchu Dynasty). Later, however, the Qing dynasty tried to expel western influence from China. Under the slogan "Support the Qing, destroy the foreign", Boxers across North China attacked mission compounds. They killed missionaries and Chinese Christians.
denounce: [ di'nauns ]    v. 告发,公然抨击
1. speak out against
2. to accuse or condemn or openly or formally or brand as disgraceful
1.They denounced him to the police as a criminal.  他们向警方告发他是罪犯。2.The minister's action was denounced in the newspaper.  部长的行为受到报界的指责
denouncer: n.抨击者 a person who denounces something
Shot through with: to have a lot of, as if full of holes after a shotgun blast
inconsistency: [ .inkən'sistənsi ]    n. 不一致,不调和,矛盾the quality of being inconsistent and lacking a harmonious uniformity among things or parts
She noticed several minor inconsistencies in his argument.  她觉察到他的论点有几处略微有些自相矛盾.
populate: [ ‘pɔpjuleit ]    v. 构成人口,居住于furnish with people
The islands were gradually populated by settlers from Europe.  岛上逐渐迁入很多欧洲移民.
bedfellow:   n. 妻,伙伴1. a temporary associate2. a person with whom you share a bed
1.My bedfellow is cough and cramp; we sleep three in a bed.  我的同衾者是咳嗽与痉挛，咱们三个同睡一床。2.Misery acquaint men with strange bedfellow.  情知不是伴，事急且相随
blast: [ blɑ:st ]    n. 爆破,冲击波,一阵,汽笛声
v. 爆破,炸掉1. hit hard 2. use explosives 3. attack and criticize sharply
1. A trumpeter sent out a warning blast.  号兵吹出告警的号声。
2.The bomb blast killed several harmless passers-by.  炸弹爆炸使几个无辜行人受伤。
booster: [ 'bu:stə ]    n. 支持者
1. a person who backs a politician or a team etc.
2. someone who is an active supporter and advocate
salubrious: [ sə'lju:briəs ]    a. 有益健康的favorable to health of mind or body
You should play some salubrious games.你应该玩儿些有益健康的 游戏。
resourceful: able to deal promptly and effectively with problems, difficulties
resilient: [ ri‘ziliənt ]    a. 弹回的,有弹性的 elastic; rebounds readily
1.Our carpet is hand- made of pure Chinese wool. They are resilient and have fine workmanship. 
我们的地毯是用中国纯羊毛手工织成的。它们富有弹性且做工精细。
2.A light or resilient manner of moving or walking.  轻快的或充满活力的移动或步伐。
orthodox: [ ‘ɔ:θədɔks ]    a. 正(传)统的adhering to what is commonly accepted
1.Orthodox Christian churches often have elaborate steeples.  传统的基督教堂都有精致的尖塔。
2.Breaking with convention or tradition; not orthodox.  异端的背离传统或习惯的；不正统的
critical: [ 'kritikəl ]    a. 批评的,决定性的, 挑剔的 urgently needed; absolutely necessary
1.Why are you always so critical?  你怎么总是这样吹毛求疵？
2.The inquiry was critical of her work.  该项调查对她的工作提出了批评。
3.We have come to the critical moment.  现在到了紧要关头。
The large number of young people between the age of 13 and 19 is decisive.
merge: [ mə:dʒ ]    v. 合并, 融合1. become one 2. mix together different elements
1.The bank merged with its major rival.  该银行与其主要对手合并了。
2.Where does this stream merge into the Rhine?  这条小河在什么地方与莱茵河合流？
seedy: [ 'si:di ]    a. 褴褛的,破旧的,不体面的shabby and untidy
trendy: [ ‘trendi ]    n. 新潮人物, 穿着时髦的人a. 流行的 a. of or in the latest fashion or trend
Look at that trendy couple walking hand in hand 瞧那对手拉手走着的时髦夫妇。
pocket: an enclosed space 闭塞的区域
thrift shops: second-hand shops
fusion: [ 'fju:ʒən ]    n. 融合物,结合,融合the state of being combined into one body
1.Americans are the fusion of many different races.  美国人是各种种族人的熔合体。
2.Brass is formed by the fusion of copper and zinc.  黄铜是由铜和锌熔合制成的。
3.A third party is formed by the fusion of independent republican and democrats.  一个第三党由共和党和民主党之独立份子联合而组成。
punk: [ pʌŋk ]    a. 颓废派的n. (俚)阿飞,朋克 an aggressive and violent young criminal; rock music with deliberately offensive lyrics expressing anger and social alienation;
morph: [ mɔf ]    (动植物的)变种, 变体
to undergo transformation， especially by means of computer-generated animation
geek: [ gi:k ]    n. [俚语]反常的人,畸形人a person with an unusual or odd personality
fanatic: [ fə‘nætik ]    n. 狂热者,盲信a. 狂热的,盲信的
1.a person motivated by irrational enthusiasm
2.marked by excessive enthusiasm for and intense devotion to a cause or idea
1.We call him a politics fanatic.  我们叫他政治狂。
2.She’s fanatic about pop music.  她对流行音乐很狂热。
chunky: [ ’tʃʌŋki ]    a. (人或动物)矮胖的 like or containing small sticky lumps
I saw a bear with a chunky body walking along the river. 我看见一头熊，身躯肥胖沿着河走着。
damn: [ dæm ]   
a. 该死的，可恶的v. 诅咒,下地狱
The word is a taboo word which can’t be used in formal circumstances.
Damn you!你真该死！"go to hell".
blur: [ blə: ]    n ...模糊.v. 使模糊1. a hazy or indistinct representation become glassy; lose clear vision
1.A blur on a developed photographic image.  模糊不清洗好的照片图象上的模糊处
2.The racing cars passed in a blur.  竞赛的汽车影绰不清地飞驰而过。
unleash: [ 'ʌn'li:ʃ ]    v. 解开...的皮带,解除...的束缚,解放1. release or vent 2. release from a leash 3. turn loose or free from restraint
1.Go at once, or I will unleash my dog on you! 
立刻走，要不我就放我的狗咬你！
2.He unleashed a thunderbolt by announcing his resignation. 
他宣布辞职好似晴天炸雷一般.
Cosmopolitan :《时尚》杂志
plunge: [ plʌndʒ ]   
v. 投入,跳进,使...陷入
drop steeply ，thrust or throw into
The car stopped suddenly and he plunged forward.  汽车突然停下，他的身子朝前一冲。
2.She plunged her hands into her coat pockets.  她把两手插在上衣口袋里。
plunging neckline:开领袒胸
26万中国妇女每个月都在阅读:《时尚》杂志那些开领袒胸的页面及其他内容。
imposing: [ im‘pəuziŋ ]    a. 令人难忘的,壮丽的
impressive in appearance
rip: [ rip ]    n. 裂痕,破绽,拉裂v. 拉开,划开,裂开1. tear or be torn violently 2. an opening made forcibly as by pulling apart
1.I ripped my stocking on a nail.  一个钉子挂破了我的袜子。
2.The poster had been ripped to pieces.  那张广告画已被撕得粉碎。
jostle: v to come or bring into close contact 使挤，撞
1.I was jostled by a crowd. 我被人群挤着。
2.Don’t jostle me.不要挤我。
3.The players were jostled by an angry crowd as they left the field.  运动员们离开赛场时，被愤怒的人群推搡着。
4.The youths jostled (against) an old lady on the pavement.  那些青年人在人行道上推推搡搡挤著了一个老太太.
cramp: [ kræmp ]    v.以铁箍扣紧,束缚
1. prevent the progress or free movement of
All these difficulties cramped his progress.  所有这些困难阻碍了他的进步
2.n. a sudden pain that you get when the muscles in a particular part of your body tight痛性痉挛、抽筋
The swimmer got cramp in his legs and had to be helped out of the water.  游泳者两腿抽筋，不得不由他人救助出水。
ambiguity: [ .æmbi‘gju:iti ]    n. 不明确,含糊,暧昧,模棱两可
1. an expression whose meaning cannot be determined from its context2. unclearness by virtue of having more than one meaning
1.A state of ambiguity or obscurity.  含糊不清或者晦涩的状态2.Signal which prevents accidental operation by spurious signals or avoids possible ambiguity.  防止假信号的意外作用或者避免二义性而设置的信号。
snarl: [ snɑ:l ]    v. 吼叫,怒骂utter in an angry, sharp, or abrupt tone
1.Traffic was badly snarled up near the accident.  车祸现场附近交通极为混乱。
2.The dog snarled at the milkman.  那条狗对著送牛奶的人低声吠叫.
3.The tiger snarled frighteningly.  老虎发出可怕的吼声.
4.`Get out of here,' he snarled (at us).  ｀滚开,＇他（对我们）厉声嚷道.
shriek: [ ʃri:k ]    n. 尖叫,叫喊v. 尖叫 sharp piercing cry； utter a shrill cry
1.My sister gave a shriek of delight.  我妹妹高兴地尖叫起来。2.She shrieked in alarm.  她惊恐地尖叫起来。3.Suddenly we hear the shriek of unwary animal take by surprise.  突然我们听到了无戒备的动物遭突袭的尖叫声。4.Suddenly he began to shriek loudly.  突然他开始大声尖叫
predominantly: [ pri’dɔminəntli ]    ad. 优越地,卓越地,主要地much greater in number or influence
Any of various fishes that are predominantly blue, such as the pollack.  蓝色鱼任一种主要为蓝色的鱼类，如青鳕
agrarian: [ ə'grɛəriən ]    a. 有关土地的,耕地的relating to rural matters
implicit: [ im'plisit ]    a. 暗示的, [计算机] 隐式 implied though not directly expressed; inherent in the nature of something
Her attitude was implicit in the answer she gave us.  她在给我们的答复中态度是含蓄的。
aspire: [ əs‘paiə ]    v. 热望,立志have an ambitious plan or a lofty goal
1.He aspired to leadership even in his childhood.  童年时代他就渴望当领袖。
2.The young girl aspired to be a scientist.  小女孩立志要做一名科学家。
sterile: not able to produce children, of land not good enough to produce crops不能生育的，土地贫瘠的;completely clean and free from bacteria无菌的，消毒过的; lacking individual personality, imagination or new ideas 刻板的；无个性的；缺乏新意的
1. Medical tests showed that he was sterile.  医学检查表明他没有生育能力。
2. An operation chamber should be completely sterile.  手术室应该完全无菌。
3 The room felt cold and sterile. 没有生气。
Atonement:  n. 赎罪,弥补1. compensation for a wrong
2. the act of atoning for sin or wrongdoing
1.He sent her some flowers in atonement for his earlier rudeness.  他因先前的粗鲁而向她献花赔罪。
2.Christ’s atonement is for the sins of mankind.  耶稣的赎罪是为了人类。
congregation: [ .kɔngri‘geiʃən ]    n. 集（宗教）
a group of people who adhere to a common faith and habitually attend a given church
1.The congregation in the church knelt in prayer.  教堂的会众跪下来祈祷。
2.The congregation entered the church in procession.  教徒们排著队进入教堂.
3.The congregation bowed their heads in prayer.  会众在一起低头祷告.

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