有关would-rather的五个重要句型.doc

有关would rather的五个重要句型
作者: admin来源: 网络文章 时间: 2017-05-13
一、后接动词原形
后接动词原形，表示“宁愿做某事”。如：
I'd rather be told the truth than be lied to. 我宁愿听真话，不愿被欺骗。
I've already seen that film, so I'd rather see another one. 我已经看过那部电影了，所以还是看部别的吧。
I'll go if you're going. If not, I'd rather stay at home. 你去我就去，否则我宁可待在家里。
I'd rather do it without anybody's help. 我宁愿不要任何人帮助，自己干这件事。
“How about a drink?” “I'd rather have something to eat.”“喝一杯怎么样?”“我宁愿来点吃的。”
注：would rather的否定式，通常要将not置于rather之后。如：
I'd rather not say anything. 我宁可什么也不说。
二、后接完成式动词
后接完成式动词，表示过去的想法，通常可译为“(本来)宁愿做某事”。如：
We went by sea, but I' d rather have gone by air. 我们是乘船去的，可我本想乘飞机去。
“At that time, I would rather have been a factory worker than an animal keeper,” he said. “那时，我宁愿做一个工厂工人，也不愿做动物饲养员，”他说道。
三、后接从句
后接从句时，从句谓语要用虚拟语气。具体说来，有以下两种情况：
1. 指现在或将来用过去时。如：
I would rather you didn't mention the price. 我愿意你别提价钱。
I'd rather you knew that now, than afterwards. 我宁愿你现在知道而不是以后。
Don't come and see me today—I'd rather you came tomorrow. 今天不要来看我——我希望你们明天来。
Tomorrow's difficult. I'd rather yon came next weekend. 明天有困难。我希望你下周末来。
“We might go for a swim” “No,l'd rather we didn't.” “我们去游泳吧。”“不，我想我们最好不去。”
“Shall I give you a cheque?” “I' d rather you paid cash.” “我付给您支票行吗?”“我想您最好付现金。”
Ann said that Bill wanted to go alone but that she'd rather he went with a group. 安说比尔想一个人去，但她宁愿他跟一大群人一起去。
2. 指过去用过去完成时。如：
I'd rather he hadn't told me about it 我宁愿他未告诉我这件事。
Kate went by car and I'd rather she hadn't. 凯特是坐汽车去的，我倒愿意她不是坐汽车去的。
I'd rather she had asked me before borrowing the car. 我真希望她先问我一声再借车。
注：有时用于虚拟语气语境中。如：
If I'd lived in 1400, I'd rather have been a knight than a monk. 如果我生活在1400年，我宁愿当骑士，不当修道士。
If she'd had a chance, she'd rather have lived 100 years ago. 如果有机会她宁愿生活在100年前。
四、用于would rather…than…结构
此结构表示“宁愿(做)……而不愿做)……”。如：
I'd rather go hungry than eat that! 我宁可挨饿也不吃那种东西!
I' d rather pay his fine for him than let him go to prison. 我宁愿替他交罚款，也不愿让他蹲监狱。
He would rather have the small one than (have) the large one. 他宁愿要小的那个，而不愿要大的。
I'd rather use my money than leave it lying in the bank. 我宁可把钱花了也不想存在银行里。
I'd rather have a room of my own. however small (it is), than share a room. 无论房间多么小，我宁愿一个人住一间，而不愿意与别人合住一个房间。
五、用于口语表达I'd rather not
口语中说I'd rather not，表示委婉的不同意，其意为“我宁愿不……”。如：
“Are you coming with us?” “I'd rather not.” “你和我们一起来吗?“”我不想。”
“Some more wine” “Thank you. I'd rather not. I have to drive home.” “再来一点酒好吗？”“不要了，我不能再喝了。我还得开车回家呢。”
The boys' d rather go by air, wouldn't they? 男孩子更愿意坐飞机走，对吗?
You'd rather not wake a sleeping dog, would you? 你总不想没事找麻烦，对吧?
副词的多种形式
作者: admin来源: 网络文章 时间: 2018-06-29
good的副词形式是well。
kindly可作形容词也可作副词。除此以外，以ly结尾的形容词如friendly，likely，lonely等没有副词形式，为了弥补这一缺陷通常使用一个意义相似的副词或副词短语：
likely(形容词) probably(副词)F
friendly(形容词) in a friendly way(副词短语)
一些副词与它们相应的形容词相比含义较窄，或意思不相同。coldly(冷酷地)，coolly(冷淡)，hotly(热情地)，warmly(亲热地)这些词主要用于表达感情方面：
We received them coldly.
我们很冷淡地接待了他们。(不友好地)
They denied the accusation hotly.
他们激烈地驳斥这些谴责。(愤慨地)
She welcomed us warmly.
她向我们表示热烈欢迎。(友好地)
但是：warmly dressed相当于wearing clothes(穿着很暖和的衣服)。
coolly相当于calmly(冷静地)、courageously(勇敢地)或impu-dently(无礼或不敬地)：
He behaved very coolly in this dangerous situation.
在这个危险的处境中他表现得镇定自若。
presently(=soon不久)：
He ll be here presently.
不定式和分词作状语的区别
作者: admin来源: 网络文章 时间: 2018-06-17
一、现在分词和过去分词作状语的区别
主要区别在于：现在分词与修饰的主语为主动关系，过去分词与修饰的主语是被动的关系。
（1）现在分词作状语时，现在分词的动作就是句子主语的动作。
He went out shutting the door behind him.
Not knowing what to do, he went to his parents for help.
（2）过去分词作状语时，过去分词所表示的动作和句子的主语承受的动作，它们之间的关系是被动关系。
Given more attention, the trees could have grown better.
Faced with difficulties, we must try to overcome them.

二、动词不定式和分词做状语的区别
（1）分词常常表示为伴随，而动词不定式表示目的。
They stood by the roadside taking about the plan. //分词表示伴随
They stood by the roadside to talk about the plan. //不定式表示目的
（2）分词作状语放在句子开头，除表示原因之外有时表示时间或条件。动词不定式作状语时，除了表示目的以外，还表示结果或原因。
Reading attentively, he forgot the time for lunch. //分词表示原因
Reading carefully, he found something he had not known before. //分词表示时间
Reading carefully, you'll learn something new. //分词表示条件
His family was too poor to support him. //不定式表结果
The boy is not tall enough to reach the book. //不定式表示结果
We are glad to hear the news. //不定式表示原因\

三、下面句型是不定式做状语时候应该注意的：
（1）not/ never too...to/ too...not to, but/ only too..to, too ready/eager/apt/inclined to表示肯定意义。
（2）做结果状语的不定式只能出现在句子的末尾，常见的不定式动词有：find,hear,see,be told,form,give,make,produce等。
（3）不定式作状语时，其逻辑主语一般为句子的主语，否则用for引导主语。
高中英语“倒装”考点透析
作者: admin来源: 网络文章 时间: 2017-03-02
倒装有两种情况：部分倒装(主语和助动词倒置)和全部倒装(主语和谓语完全倒置)。之所以使用倒装，一是为了句子的需要；二是为了语法结构的需要。
一、为了句子意义的需要。也就是为了强调句子的某一内容，并使上下文衔接紧密；或为了保持句子平衡。常见有下列情况:
1.句子谓语是go，come，run等表示位置的动词和be动词，句中又有表示方位的副词(如the re，here，up，down，out，in，away等)，为了强调该副词，可将其放于句首，而将谓语动词全部置于主语之前。如:
Here comes the train to Beijing.
去北京的火车来了。
There goes the bell.铃响了。
Down came the rain.下雨了。
但主语是人称代词时，主语仍置于动词之前。如:
Away he comes.他来了。
Here it comes.它来了。
2.为了强调句中的状语或表语，为了保持句子平衡或上下文衔接紧密，可将状语或表语置于句首，句中主语和谓语完全倒装。如:
At the front of the hall sat the headmaster.
校长坐在大厅的前部。
In this paragraph can be found an answer.
在这段里能找到答案。
3.为了强调only及其所修饰的状语通常是副词、介词短语或从句)，则将它们移到句首，句中的主谓作部分倒装。如:
Only then did we realize that the man was blind.
直到那时我们才发现那个人是盲人。
Only when the war was over in 1918 was he able to get happily back to work.直到1918年战争结束后，他才得以愉快地重返工作岗位。
4.将含有否定意义的副词(never，seldom，not，little，hardly等)置于句首以示强调时，句中的主谓作部分倒装。如:
Seldom in my life have I met so determined a person.一生中我很少见到如此果断的人。
5.为了强调“not a+名词”或“not a single+名词”结构，将其置于句首时，句中的主谓作部分倒装。如:
Not a word did he say at the last meeting.
在上次会议上他一句话都没说。
6. Hardly…when，no sooner…than，not only…but also引导两个分句时，将前一个分句中的主谓作部分倒装，后一个分句中的主谓语序不变。
如:
Hardly had he began to speak when his father stopped him.他刚开口发言就被父亲制止了。
No sooner had I left my house than it began to rain.
我刚刚离开家就下雨了。
但neither/not…nor引导两个分句时，这两个分句中的主谓均要倒装。如:
Neither do I know her address，nor does he.
我不知道她的地址，他也不知道.
Not could the patient eat，nor could he drink.
那个病人既不能吃，也不能喝。
7.在“so+形容词…that分句”结构中，如将“so+形容词”置于句首以示强调时，其后的系动词be则要移到主语前面，形成主谓的完全倒装。如:
So moved was she that she could not say a word.
她激动得一句话也说不出来。
在“so+副词…that分句”结构中，如将“so+副词”置于句首以示强调时，其后的主谓作部分倒装。如:
So loudly did he speak that even the people in the next room could hear him.他的声音那么大，连隔壁屋子里的人都听得见。
So fast does light travel that it is difficult for us to imagine its speed.光速如此之快，我们很难想象。
二、由于语法结构的需要使用倒装。常见于下列句型:
1.“So+助动词+主语”是一种常用于对前面所说的情况作简短回答的句型。如:
I was late and so was she.
我迟到了，她也迟到了。
They loveshavingslots of friends，so do those with disabilities.他们喜欢广交朋友，残疾人也一样。
2.“Neither/Nor+助动词+主语”是用于对前面所说的否定内容表示同样看法的句型。如：
She won't go. Neither/Nor will I.
她不走，我也不。
I cannot swim. Neither can he (swim).
我不会游泳，他也不会。
3.当if引导的虚拟条件从句中含有had，were或should等时，如将if省略，则要将had，were或should等移到主语前，作部分或完全倒装。
Had you come yesterday，you would have seen him.若你昨天来，你就会见到他了。
4.表示存在的句型“There be+主语”也属于倒装句之列。如:
There are three chairs，a desk and a computer in the room.