大学英语全新版第四册第六课知识点.doc

大学英语全新版第四册第六课知识点

1. on the go很忙
I’ve been on the go all week, preparing my thesis.
I’m on the go all day and then collapse into bed at about 10 o’clock in the evening.

2. eat into吞噬；侵蚀；毁坏
His extravagances ate into his inheritances.
All these car expenses are eating into our savings.
Acid eats into the metal, damaging its surface.
Responsibilities at home and work eat into his time.

3. multiply
Multiplying large quantities in one’s head had become a lost art since the arrival of the calculator.（乘）
Fear multiplies the difficulties of life. (增加)
It will multiply your chances of success.
In a few minutes, people in the square multiplied into thousands.
The weeds just multiplied, and before long the garden was a jungle. (繁殖)

4. fraction n. 小部分，片段
The car missed me by a fraction of an inch.
Only a small fraction of the population lived in that remote area.
The black miners in South Africa used to earn only a fraction of the wages paid to white miners doing equivalent work.

5. pour in/into涌入/出
Messages of congratulation came pouring in.
Tourists poured into Shanghai on National Day.
Many football fans poured into the stadium to have a look at their favorite football players.

6. comparative adj. 比较的，相对的
He is a comparative newcomer to television.
After a life-time of poverty, his last few years were spent in comparative comfort.
Some sociologists have carried out large-scale historical-comparative studies.
Ethology[动物行为学]is a science concerned with the comparative study of animal behavior.

7. amount to
His debts amount to over & 1, 000. (合计，共计)
The tuition fee amounts to ten thousand yuan.
Your words amount to a refusal. (相当于，等同，接近)
This amounts to doing the whole thing over again.
In 1959 the combined value of U.S. imports and exports amounted to less than 9 percent of the country’s gross domestic product.

8. minute adj. 微小的，细小的，极少的
Only a minute amount of money is needed.
He gave me minute instructions about my work.
Studies show that water contains minute quantities of lead.
A minute examination revealed small flecks of blood on the coat.
The kitchen is minute, with barely room for two people to turn around.

9. frontier
Our passports were inspected at the Czech frontier. (边境)
Sweden has frontiers with Norway and Finland.
They are pushing back the frontiers of medical knowledge. (新领域，前沿)
To open up the space frontier, NASA will try to lower the cost of access to Earth orbit.

10. stress
n. He is under stress because he has too much work to do. (压力)
Population growth and pollution place enormous stress on the world’s supply of usable water.
There is enough evidence to suggest that job stress may increase a man’s risk of dying from heart disease.
He lays stress on the point about hard work. (强调)
v. He stressed the necessity of being punctual.
A person who is stressed typically has anxious thoughts and difficulty concentrating or remembering.

11. prosperity n. 兴旺，繁荣
War brings no prosperity to the great mass of ordinary citizens.
They were essential to the economic prosperity of the country.
Some people argue that globalization will bring the prosperity so far enjoyed only by wealthy industrialized nations to the developing countries.

12. oblige vt.
Politeness obliged me to go on with the conversation. (迫使)
In certain countries the law obliges parents to send their children to school.
I was obliged to leave early to catch my train.
I’m obliged for all you’ve done for my son. (使感激)
We are happy to oblige. (帮忙)
Please oblige me by leaving me alone.

13. abundance n. 大量，丰富，丰裕
She had an abundance of very black hair.
There is a great abundance of sunshine here.
The visitor to Oxford has an abundance of sights to see.
The country has an abundance of skilled workers, but not enough jobs.
By the mid-15th century paper was available in abundance.

14. confusion
There is still confusion about the number of casualties. (困惑，糊涂)
We always left our manager’s office in a state of confusion.
I explained the question to him three times, but there was still a look of confusion on his face.
To avoid confusion, the teams wore different colors. (混淆)
There was confusion when a man fired shots.（混乱）

15. forecast预测，预报
v. The Federal Reserve Bank has forecast that the economy will grow by 2% this year.
Because the behavior of weather systems is chaotic, it is impossible to forecast the details of weather more than about two weeks in advance.
The means of forecasting natural disasters, such as floods, and hurricanes, have improved immensely as science and technology have advanced.
n. Did you listen to the weather forecast on the radio?
The newspaper forecast that the senator would be elected again was right.

16. perception n.
Our teachers also taught us how to increase the power of perception.（感知，觉察力）
Aesthetics is a branch of philosophy concerned with the essence and perception of beauty and ugliness.
My perception of Paul has changed. (认识，观念，看法)

17. nurture v.& n. 养育，培育，滋养
She nurtured the boy as if he were her own.
The school is responsible for nurturing the children’s mind.
Parents want to know the best way to nurture and raise their child to adulthood.
The local government has taken measures to nurture the state-run factories.
With one year’s observation the biologists have found how dolphins socialize, breed, nurture their young and how they communicate.

18. offspring: (复数不变) 子女，子孙，后代
Julia was now less anxious about her offspring than she had once been.
Heredity is the process of transmitting biological traits from parent to offspring through genes.

19. distribution n.
Pines have a very wide distribution. (分布)
The study of animal distribution is called zoogeography[动物地理学].
Distribution of the aid supplies is handled by local companies. (分配，发送)

20. famine n. 饥荒
The long drought was followed by months of famine.
Some parts of the world suffer regularly from famine.
China has succeeded in feeding its people; national attention to equity, agriculture, and birth control has significantly reduced the threat of famine.
To eliminate famine and reduce malnutrition, attention needs to focus not only on food production but also on food distribution, consumption, and family planning.

21. provoke v.
They argued that NATO enlargement could provoke Russian hostility and lead to regional instability.（激怒，挑衅）
His words provoked laughter. (激起，引起)
People’s concern over genetically modified food has provoked a global debate that shows no sign of ending soon.

22. streamline vt.
They streamlined the racing car so it moved even faster. (使成流线型)
Corporate mergers[合并]can result in job losses because management combines and streamlines departments within the newly merged companies.（使现代化，简单化，使提高效率）

23. domestic adj.
This is China’s domestic affairs. （本国的）
The cat is a domestic animal in many countries. （家庭的）
Police and hospital records indicate that the majority of victims of domestic violence are women.

24. forum论坛，讨论会，专题讨论节目
They are holding a forum on new ways of teaching.
The school authorities will provide a forum where problems can be discussed.
The producers of the TV program Question Time intended it to be a forum for public debate/argument.

25. spring up
New buildings/Fast food restaurants are springing up all over the country.（迅速发展/生长）
A strong wind seemed to have sprung up from nowhere. (突然出现)

26. futile adj. 无效的，无用的；无意义的
It was futile to continue the negotiations.
I knew that it was futile to try and persuade her once she had made the decision.

27. divert v.
Traffic is being diverted from the main road because of the accident. (使转向，绕道)
The experts are trying to divert the river to supply water to the town.
A loud noise diverted the baby’s attention. (转移注意力)
The money that might be spent on cities has been diverted into other projects. (转移)
Money set aside for development was being diverted to finance the famine relief operations.

28. switch off 关掉，切断（电源等）
He parked the car and switched the engine off.
Be sure to switch off the lights when you leave home.

29. be doomed to 注定
His was doomed to unemployment by his ill health.
From the start, their plan/project seemed to be doomed to failure.
He is doomed to eke out[竭力勉强维持]a miserable life.
He thought that he was doomed to spend the rest of his life in a wheelchair.
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