1、人的基础动作生命1.spir = to breathe 呼吸spirit n.精神,情绪(深呼吸让人有精神)spiritual a.精神上的;宗教的 mental aspire v.立志,热望(a-加强)apart=dispirit v. 使沮丧 sad upsetconspire v.同谋(共呼吸,共存亡)conspiracy n.阴谋,共谋expire v.断气,期满inspire v.吸气perspire v.出汗(全身呼吸)respire v.呼吸,恢复精神transpire v.泄露(trans-转移)2、am, amor, amat = love “爱慕”词根amor,反过来rom
2、a,饶有趣味,电视转播网球比赛零分为love,非none play for love= play for nothing ,非盈利非职业,爱好amour n.爱情(Amor cupid)amiable a.和蔼的,友善的amity n.友好,和睦paramour n.情妇(夫)enamored a.迷恋的,倾心的amateur n.业余爱好者 (-eur 表示人)ample a.充分的,富裕的;宽敞的,宽大的(爱的包容)听aud(i), audit = to hear 听(源自aural听力,而aural反义同源来自oral口头)audio a.声音的,听觉的 pictureinaudible
3、 a.听不见的audience n.听众;观众(-ence 表示名词 听的人);正式拜会(+ with sb)audition n.(对演员的)试听,试唱;面试 interviewaudit v.旁听的,审计(听取汇报)auditorium n.听众席,观众席;音乐厅,礼堂说1. dict, dic = to say, to assert 说;断言dictionary n.字典(措辞的书)diction n.措辞(说的话)addict v.沉溺,上瘾(ad-加强)out=ef-=es-=ex-=e-=e/dict n.法令,布告(e出-说出要求)indict v.起诉,控告(进法院讨说法)pr
4、edict v.预言;预告contradict v. 反驳;否认 contrast n.裁判,判决(ver 真实-说真话)benediction n.祝福(bene好:benefitbeneficial a.(to)有利的,有益的)benefactordictation n.听写dictate v.让某人听写;强行规定,指使 air forcepredicate v.断定(assert),认定predict v.indicate v.指示;表明;表示(infer imply)说2.voc, vok = to call, voice 叫喊,声音vocal a.嗓音的;强烈反对的,直言不讳的voc
5、abulary n.词汇量vocalist n.歌手singeravocation n.职业,使命(受到召唤,使命)occupayjobvocalize v. 强调=to=advocate v.主张,提倡,拥护,倡议n.拥护者,替人说情者avocation n.副业(a.)evoke v.唤醒invoke v.请求,使(法规)生效provoke v.激怒,煽动(在别人面前喊)convocation n.集会,会议;召集multivocal a.喧哗的;多义的;暧昧的revoke v.取消(收回原来的话)irrevocable a.不可能改变的 illegal(revocable a. 可废除的
6、Irreplaceable 说3.claim, clam = to cry out, to shout 呼喊,叫喊(r与l语音通假,请用这种亲缘关系增强记忆)claim v./n.要求,声称,索赔acclaim v.欢呼,喝彩(一再喊)declaim v.演讲;演说exclaim v.叫喊,大声说出;惊呼proclaim v.声明,公布 statement n.洲reclaim v.收回,开垦(荒地)把荒了的土地开垦回来clamor n.喧闹,吵闹clamorous a.吵闹的noisy说4.parl = to speak, to talk 说,谈parley n.谈判 treaty par
7、lor n.客厅,会客厅说5.cant, cent = to sing, song 唱,歌accent n.口音,重音(ac加强)incentive n.激励(把力量唱进去)cant n.术语;暗语(唱出来的话)descant v.详述,伴唱(dif-=des-=dis-=apart)incantation n.咒语,咒文(不停地唱)(abracadabra咒语,莫名其妙的话;三圣首字母组成,倒锥状羊皮纸亚麻线,系于颈部以驱邪,祛病符)说6. ro(g) = to ask 要求,问,说(也很像狗叫)roar n./v.吼叫;咆哮frog n. 青蛙(叫声)arrogant a.傲慢的(呼来喝去
8、的)说7.announce v.正式宣布,发表,通告,广播(电台节目)与know发音同源nounce,nunci = to report 出声、使知道pronounce v.pronounced a. 很明显的,表达明确的pronouncement n.声明,布告,通知 pronunciation n.denounce v.发。的音,宣布,宣判sentence(向前发生)enunciate v.阐明,发表,宣布renounce v.放弃,否认;断绝关系说8. phon =sound; phe= to speak=pl-phonetic a.语音的,语音学的phonogenic a.音响效果好的
9、 genephonograph n.留声机 telegraphinterphone n.对讲机,内部电话microphone n.扩音器 telephone n.电话 micro-prophet n.先知,预言家symphony n.交响乐,色彩的协调反义同源(说3.phone):photo = light 光photograph n./v.照相photography n.摄影(术)phototherapy n.光线疗法photosensitive a.感光性的photophobia n.畏光,夜盲症说9. log(ue),loqu= to speakDialogue n.对话,讨论 eloq
10、uent a.雄辩的an+n(and)+a+logue n.相似物,类似情况 analogy n.类比catelogue n.目录content;v.编入目录,记载登记(详情) contentlingual a.语言的,舌头的bilingual a.双语者trilingual a.multilingual a.多语种的 poly- collingual a.同一种语言的monolingual a./n.仅懂一种语言的 homo- allege vt.断言(assert),主张,推诿legend n.mythlegendize vt.说10. cite = to callexcite v.使兴奋
11、激发;刺激。的活动recite v.背诵;详细列举cite v.举出(例子);引述;传讯;表扬site opposite opposeplacespot 写1.sign = mark 记号,信号signal n.信号(-al表物)-fulsignalize v.通知;发信号signature n.签名,盖章(-ture表行为)signify v.表示;象征significant a.有意义的(区别重要:importantcrucial 关键的=keyvital 生死攸关的essential 基本的,必要的primaryparamount 最重要的,至上的)assign v.分配,指定(as-
12、加强,一再发信号)design v./n.计划,指示(de-使动,使有记号可循,不一目了然但却不凌乱)consign v.委托,寄存resign v.辞职,放弃(再签字,任职签,辞职签)retire写2.auth- = writer 作者(反义同源aud)authentic a.真的,真正的;可靠的,可信的,有根据的(作者说的够权威了吧)augment v.使增大,增加,增长,扩张authority n.权力,权威authorize v.批准,授权写3. scrib, scrip= to write scribe n.抄写员,作者,书记scribble v./n.潦草书写,乱写scrip n.
13、便条,纸条(pad);证券,临时股票;代用纸币script n.手稿;手迹,剧本;正本;笔试答卷;全套字母scrivener n.公证人;代理书记describe v.描写,记述,种类description n.种类,描写 descriptive a.描写的,记述的 indescribable a.不能传言的,难以形容的inscribe v.题记,铭刻;登记inscription n.postscript n.(信件中)附言-简写为:P.S.post- pre- warprescribe v.指示,规定;开药方prescript n.命令,规定prescriptive a.说明性的;规定的,惯
14、例的proscribe v.禁止;放逐subscribe v.捐助,签署,订阅transcribe v.转录,眷写,录音,乐曲改作manuscript n.手稿,底稿 mal(e)- = badlyman(u)-=man/hand写4. not = to marknoted a.著名的;显著地 区别:notorious a.声名狼藉的notarize v.证明,确认;公证notice n.通知,布告 v.注意到,通知noticeable a.显而易见的,引人注目的notify v.通报,公告,通知notification n.通知书 offernotion n.观念,想法;概念 concept
15、 denote v.指示;表示 infer implydenotation n.名称,意义annotate v.注释,评注 comments写5. gram,graph = to writegrammar n.语法;文法;语法规则graph n.图表,曲线图 v.用曲线图表示pie tablevitalgraphic=vividly a.图标的,书写的,生动的diagram n. 图表telegram n.电报program n.节目,计划,(电脑)程序cryptogram n.暗号;密码zipper 拉链zip v.拉zip ones mouth=shut up get out of her
16、eautograph n.亲笔 auto-=自动的;selfmonograph n.专著,专题文章biography n.传记autobiography n.自传cacography n.拼写错误;书写不佳calligraphy n.书法dictograph n.(电话)侦听器 geography n.地理学hydrograph n.水文学,水文地理学hyper-hypo- topography n.地质学,地形学写6. Pict = to paint/picturepictograph n.象形文图,古代石壁画pictorialize v.使图像化;用图画说明(或表示)depict v.描绘
17、看1.spect, spic, specul = to see 看spectator n.观众spectacle n.奇观 acle -icle cigarettespectacular=amazing a.奇妙的,惊人的one=aspect n.容貌;方面(看到的东西)respect = v./n.尊敬+aspect(一再注视)as to=as for=with aspect to=with respect to=about=over the issue of + 中心词respectable a.可敬的respectful a.充满敬意的expect v.期待(翘首以待)inspect v
18、检查,视察respective a.各自的,相应的circumspect a.慎重的suspect v.怀疑suspicious a.多疑的perspicacious a.看透的,有洞察力的(per-贯穿,-acious。的)perspective n.看法,透视prospect n.展望,前景foresee v.despise v.轻视(de-否定)看2.pear = to come in sight 看见appear v.出现reappear v.再现disappear坐1.sid, sed, sess = to sit 坐consider v.思考considerate a.考虑周到的
19、dissident a.持不同意见的insidious a.阴险的(坐在幕后的人)preside v.主持president n.总统;校长 (坐在前面的人)residence n.居住;住宅(重新坐下,每天晚上回去的地方)sedate a.文静的sedentary a.久坐的obsess v.迷恋,困扰(haunt)obtain ob-=near ad-=to attain立1.sta(t), sist, stit = to stand 站着;相信(站在谁的那一边)staff n.员工(站成一排)assist vt.协助,促进 vi.帮忙,参加(站在一旁)shock astonish v.震
20、惊 panic(pale) consistent a.(in)前后一致的;(with)一致,符合constituent n.选民;成分 a.组成的,构成的 composeinstitute n.学会,研究所 v.设立,设置,制定substitute n.代替品,替身 v.(for)代替,替换 replacesuperstition n.迷信,迷信的观念习俗stable a.稳定的station n.车站;位置static a.静态的,静止的status n.地位,身份;事态condition n.条件situation n.情形extinct a.(火)熄灭的;(希望)破灭的;灭绝的,断绝的i
21、nstinct a.充满。的;弥漫。的(with)n.本能obstacle n.阻碍,妨碍(to)obstinate a.顽固的,不屈服的,固执的;顽强的,难控制的走1.cess行走(cess = ceed = cede 走)success n.继续,成功(suc-向下,一直走下去)access=enter n.进入,接入,到达,享用权,入口accessory n.附件,附属品;饰品(为全套衣服增加美感的)concession n.让步,妥协(共同迁就一步)excess=extra a.过量的,额外的 n.过量,过剩(走出去,超越了)proceed v.前进,发生,继续,进行 pro-=for
22、eprocession n.队伍,行列predecessor n.前辈,前任(在前面走的人)n.先例cite a precedent precede v.领先于,优先于 pre-=beforerecede v.退回,后退;跌落,缩减,贬值(economic)(re-回)走2.ven,vant, vent, vance, veh = to come 来,走,街道 (c和h通假,unicorn,horn是触角的意思,corn是谷物,写错了)disadvantage n.avenue n.大街,大道roadpathpassventure v./n.冒险advent n.到来 come(ad-=to=
23、to do=加强)convention n.集会,惯例(大家来到一起)revenue n.收入(回来的东西)repaytoward 走3.vent来源自went,(v与w通假),走,到,来临advent n.(重要事件的)到来,来临event n.事件,事情(走出来,冒出来的)prevent v.(from)预防,阻止,妨碍(先走一步)venture v./n.冒险ventilate v.使通风,给。装通风设备(vent通假wind)convention n.大会,惯例,习俗conventional a.惯例的,常规的 走4.ambul, ambl, ambi = to walkamble v
24、漫步,徐行ambulance n. perambulate v.游历,巡游 (per贯穿)somnambulate v.梦游(somn)ambition n.(ambi走,走出去)ambiguous a.含糊不清的,模棱两可(gu-go走,向两边走)ambassador n.大使,特使,(派驻)代表(ass驴,国与国之间来来走走的驴子)embassy n.大使馆,大事及其随员butt感觉1.aesthetic a.美学的,艺术的;审美的,美感的a(加强) + es(出来) + thet(sent,感觉) + ic:感受出来的,美thet与sent互为语音通假词根,都来自sense(th与s发
25、音通假错读的例子自古不绝,至今仍有国人把I think读成I sink)sens, sent, thet = to feel, feeling 感觉sense n.感觉,意义 common sense sensible a. 可查觉的;明智的,达理的 sensitive a.敏感的;灵敏的;对艺术感觉好的;有悟性的;神经过敏的(to)(07阅读4:sensitive personal data)sensory a.感觉的(-ory。的)sentiment n.感情,柔情,看法sentimental a.多感情的,感伤的sensation n.感觉;感动sensual a.感觉的,肉体上的;世俗
26、的;色情的sentence n.句子;判决 v.宣判essential a.重要的;本质的,基本的primaryvital 生死攸关的assent v.同意;迎合;附和 agree assurance assert 断言consensus n.一致意见,共识,舆论consent v.同感;同意resent v.反感;怨恨(re=back)resentment n.怨恨dissent v.持不同意见的absent a.缺席的,不存在的;心不在焉的nonsense n.无意义的话,废话insensate a.没有感觉的,愚钝的;无情的insensitive a.感觉迟钝的,没有感觉的insensi
27、ble a.无知觉的,失去意识的;未察觉的scent v.发觉,察觉(+ of sth.);嗅出 n.气味,香味;嗅觉scented a.芬芳的 fragrance of 感觉2.tact, tag, teg, tam, (t)ach = to touch 碰,触摸;触觉;敏感,聪明attach v.系,贴,装,连接;附上(at-加强);依恋attachment n.附件unattached a.非属的(un-无,没有接触)contact v.接触 keep in touchapproach v./n.靠近,接近; 入门,方式integrate v.使成为一体,合并(in-否定,没有触碰)in
28、tegral a.完整的(没有触碰的) tangent a.相切的,相碰的tangle a./v.变乱,缠绕(可以把integr- 看成是词根)tach , tack = to nail 钉感觉3.ment=to think, mindmental a.精神的;智力的;心里的mention v.说及,提及;提到mentor n.导师 tutor n.顾问amentia n.智力缺陷;精神错乱dementia n.痴呆(senile dementia)demented a.失去本性的,疯狂的,精神错乱的freak psycho crazycomment n.注释,评论,意见 v.评论;谈论commentary n.解说词;注释;纪事;评语remind v.提醒,使再想起 remain感觉4.quain来自co+gn来自co(com全部)+ gn(know知道)acquaint v.(with)使认识,使了解,使熟悉acquaintance n.认识,相识,了解,相识的人,熟人cognitive a.认知的,认识能力的ignorant a.不知道的;愚昧的,无知的(i-否定,gn-know,orant复合后缀)recognize v.再认出,辨认;承认,公认;赏识recognition n.genius
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