搭建syslog服务器流程.docx

1. 安装系统
a) 安装要求
i. PC配置：
CPU：Intel P E2160（1.8GHz）以上
内存：1G以上
硬盘：80G以上

虚拟机要求：
Kernel：linux 2.6
内存：512以上
硬盘：40G以上

b) 安装系统
i. Linux syslog server要求用centos 5.5
下载地址：
ed2k://|file|[《CentOS.5.5.》32bit[光盘镜像]].
CentOS-5.5-i386-bin-DVD.iso|4185118720|a1ce64b6d36d945f562cb1250d8d665f|h=fnfai2pqdbdxmz5i5wshkaj22ttscbkg|/
c) 配置网络
i. 点击桌面上方的系统à管理à网络，配置eth0和DNS
ii. Network Abapter修改为桥接模式
2. 安装工具
a) 安装GCC和make
[root@FDWIN ~]# yum install gcc make
b) 安装LAMP平台
[root@FDWIN ~]# yum install php-mysql mysql mysql-server php-snmp php-pdo perl-DBDMySQL httpd php –y
[root@FDWIN ~]# service mysqld start
[root@FDWIN ~]# chkconfig mysqld on
[root@FDWIN ~]#service httpd start
[root@FDWIN ~]#chkconfig httpd on
[root@FDWIN ~]# mysqladmin -uroot password '000000'
[root@FDWIN ~]#vim /var/www/html/index.php
添加：
f(!$link) echo "FAILD!";
else echo "OK!";
?>
然后网页访问下出现OK说明没问题了。

进入centos的DVD盘然后安装rpm -vih php-gd-5.1.6-15.el5.i386.rpm
进入centos的DVD盘然后安装rpm -ivh freetype-2.2.1-19.el5.i386.rpm

c) 安装NET-SNMP
1. 下载net-snmp源码，并解压
[root@FDWIN proc]#
wget
5.6/net-snmp-5.6.tar.gz
[root@FDWIN proc]#tar -xvzf net-snmp-5.6.tar.gz
2. Configure
a) 进入源文件目录
[root@FDWIN proc]#cd net-snmp-5.6
b) Configure
[root@FDWIN proc]#
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/net-snmp –enable-mfd-rewrites
--with-default-snmp-version=”2” --with-persistent-directory=”/var/net-snmp”
3. 编译、安装
[root@FDWIN proc]#make && make install
4. 配置snmpd.conf
a) 将EXAMPLE.conf文件复制到
/usr/local/net-snmp/share/snmp/snmpd.conf
[root@FDWIN proc]#
cp EXAMPLE.conf /usr/local/net-snmp/share/snmp/snmpd.conf
b) 修改snmpd.conf
1.查找以下字段：
# sec.name source community
com2sec notConfigUser default public
将"comunity"字段改为你要设置的密码.比如"bizcnpublic".
将“default”改为你想哪台机器可以看到你的snmp信息,如10.10.10.10。授权服务器IP
2.查找以下字段：
####
# Finally, grant the group read-only access to the systemview view.
# group context sec.model sec.level prefix read write notif
access notConfigGroup "" any noauth exact systemview none none
将"read"字段改为all.
代码:
#access notConfigGroup "" any noauth exact all none none
3.查找以下字段：
## incl/excl subtree mask
#view all included .1 80
将该行前面的"#"去掉.
4.查找以下字段：
#name incl/excl subtree mask(optional)
添加一行view all included .1
变成
#name incl/excl subtree mask(optional)
view all included .1
5.查找以下字段：
#view mib2 included .iso.org.dod.internet.mgmt.mib-2 fc
将该行前面的"#"去掉.
保存、关闭
c) 设置net-snmp自启动
[root@FDWIN proc]#chkconfig --level 35 snmpd on
[root@FDWIN proc]#chkconfig --add snmpd
d) SNMP测试（本机）
[root@FDWIN proc]#snmpwalk -v -2c -c public FDWIN
若有大量数据返回，说明SNMP配置正确
e) 防火墙
打开udp 161端口
f) 检查SNMP服务是否运行
[root@FDWIN proc]#netstat -ln |grep 161
udp 0 0 127.0.0.1:161 0.0.0.0:* 表示SNMP已运行正常

3. CACTI安装
a) RRDtool的安装
1.cgilib
wget http://www.scriptroute.org/source/cgilib-0.5.tar.gz
tar -zxvf cgilib-0.5.tar.gz
cd cgilib-0.5
make
cp libcgi.a /usr/local/lib
cp cgi.h /usr/include
2.fontconfig
wget http://www.fontconfig.org/release/fontconfig-2.8.0.tar.gz
cd fontconfig-2.8.0
./configure
make && make install
3.pixman
wget http://cairographics.org/releases/pixman-0.21.2.tar.gz
cd pixman-0.21.2
./configure
make;make install
4.cairo
wget http://cairographics.org/releases/cairo-1.10.0.tar.gz
tar -zxvf cairo-1.10.0.tar.gz
cd cairo-1.10.0
export PKG_CONFIG_PATH=/usr/local/lib/pkgconfig:$PKG_CONFIG_PATH #这里
很重要
./configure
make;make install
5.pango
wget http://ftp.se.debian.org/pub/gnome/sources/pango/1.17/pango-
1.17.5.tar.gz
tar -zxvf pango-1.17.5.tar.gz
cd pango-117.5
./configure
make && make install
6.rrdtool
wget http://www.mrtg.org/rrdtool/pub/rrdtool-1.4.4.tar.gz
tar -xvzf rrdtool-1.4.4.tar.gz
cd rrdtool-1.4.4
./configure –prefix=/usr/local/rrdtool
make;make isntall
b) Cacti的安装
1.下载Cacti软件包，并安装到/var/www/html/cacti
wget
tar -xvzf cacti-0.8.7g.tar.gz
mv cacti-0.8.7g /var/www/html/cacti
2.配置数据库
mysql -u root -p 123456
mysql> create database cacti;
mysql> grant all privileges on cacti.* to cacti@FDWIN identified by 'cacti'
with grant option;
mysql> grant all privileges on cacti.* to cacti@127.0.0.1 identified by 'cacti'
with grant option;
mysql>flush privileges;
mysql> use cacti;
mysql> source /var/www/html/cacti/cacti.sql;
3.配置Cacti以连接数据库
vi /var/www/html/cacti/include/config.php 依照如下修改：
/* make sure these values refect your actual database/host/user/password */
$database_type = "mysql";
$database_default = "cacti";
$database_hostname = "FDWIN";
$database_username = "cacti";
$database_password = "cacti";
$database_port = "3306";
vi /var/www/html/cacti/include/global.php 依照如下修改：
/* Default database settings*/
$database_type = "mysql";
$database_default = "cacti";
$database_hostname = "FDWIN";
$database_username = "cacti";
$database_password = "cacti";
$database_port = "3306";
$config['url_path'] = '/cacti/';
4.添加cacti用户
[root@FDWIN proc]#useradd -s nologin cacti
[root@FDWIN proc]#passwd cacti
5.修改cacti目录属主
[root@FDWIN proc]#chown -R cacti:cacti /var/www/html/cacti/
6.编辑crontab
[root@FDWIN proc]#crontab -e
*/5 * * * * /usr/bin/php /var/www/html/cacti/poller.php > /dev/null 2>&1
7.关闭SELinux
[root@FDWIN proc]#setenforce 0
8.用浏览器访问http://FDWIN/cacti/
9.配置Cacti
首先点开settings的path页，正确设置相应的路径，然后finish保存
10.安装补丁
按照C上的步骤，打上补丁程序
必须在Cacti的安装目录下，即/var/www/html/cacti/
[root@FDWIN proc]#
wget
[root@FDWIN proc]#
wget
[root@FDWIN proc]#
wget
[root@FDWIN proc]#
wget
[root@FDWIN proc]#
wget

[root@FDWIN proc]#
wget
[root@FDWIN proc]#
wget
[root@FDWIN proc]#
patch -p1 -N < data_source_deactivate.patch
patch -p1 -N < graph_list_view.patch
patch -p1 -N < html_output.patch
patch -p1 -N < ldap_group_authenication.patch
patch -p1 -N < script_server_command_line_parse.patch
patch -p1 -N < ping.patch
patch -p1 -N < poller_interval.patch
4. CACTI的配置和插件
必须现安装好插件扩展PIA 2.8，才能安装、使用其他插件
wget http://mirror.cactiusers.org/downloads/plugins/cacti-plugin-0.8.7g-PAv2.8.tar.gz
tar -xvzf cacti-plugin-0.8.7g-PA-v2.8.tar.gz
mv cacti-plugin-arch /var/www/html/cacti/
cd /var/www/html/cacti/
mysql -u root -p 123456 cacti < cacti-plugin-arch/pa.sql
patch -p1 -N < cacti-plugin-arch/cacti-plugin-0.8.7g-PA-v2.8.diff
rm -rf cacti-plugin-arch
chown -R cacti:cacti /var/www/html/cacti
1. 修改global.php,设定数据库的相关参数，以及config路径.
vi /var/www/html/cacti/include/global.php,修改并增加如下内容：
/* Default database settings*/
$database_type = "mysql";
$database_default = "cacti";
$database_hostname = "localhost";
$database_username = "cacti";
$database_password = "cacti";

$database_port = "3306";
$config['url_path'] = '/cacti/';
$plugins = array();
2. 修改Cacti用户权限，增加插件使用权限
显示 Plugin-Management
User Management -> "admin" or "other user" -> "Realm Permissions" -> "Plugin
Management" -> 打勾并保存
3. 安装插件
a)下载插件
wget http://cactiusers.org/downloads/settings.tar.gz
wget http://cactiusers.org/downloads/monitor.tar.gz
wget http://cactiusers.org/downloads/realtime.tar.gz
wget http://cactiusers.org/downloads/syslog.tar.gz
wget http://cactiusers.org/downloads/thold.tar.gz
wget http://cactiusers.org/downloads/tools.tar.gz
wget http://cactiusers.org/downloads/update.tar.gz
wget
reportit_v061/reportit_v061.tar.gz
wget
b)解压插件
tar -xvzf settings.tar.gz
tar -xvzf monitor.tar.gz
tar -xvzf realtime.tar.gz
tar -xvzf syslog.tar.gz
tar -xvzf thold.tar.gz
tar -xvzf tools.tar.gz
tar -xvzf update.tar.gz
tar -xvzf reportit_v06.tar.gz
tar -xvzf npc-2.0.4.tar.gz
c)修改global.php，增加插件说明
vi /var/www/html/cacti/include/global.php
$plugins[] = 'settings';
$plugins[] = 'thold';
$plugins[] = 'npc';
$plugins[] = 'syslog';
$plugins[] = 'aggregate';
$plugins[] = 'reportit';
$plugins[] = 'update';
$plugins[] = 'tools';
d)下载安装json（NPC插件需要json支持）
wget
tar -xvzf json-1.2.1.tgz
/usr/bin/phpize ## 如果phpize 没有此指令，请yum安装php-devel包
./configure
make && make install
e) 修改权限
将所有插件mv到/var/www/html/cacti/plugins目录下，然后User Management -> "admin"
or "other user" -> "Realm Permissions" -> "Plugin Management" -> 打勾并保存
f) 启用插件
点击configuration下的plugins management,将各个插件install/enable。
4. 插件安装排错
a）realtime插件安装问题
realtim插件安装好后，点击web界面的［graphs］页，选一个图，可发现在其右下角已经出
现了一个realtime的logo，但当点此logo进行realtime查看时，会发现弹出的窗口中显示：
“The image cache directory doesn't exist.Please create it and set permissions
and then attempt to open an other realtime graph.”
提示没有Cache目录以及权限等。
解决方案：
[root@localhost proc]#makedir /var/www/html/cacti/cache
[root@localhost proc]#chmod 777 -R /var/www/html/cacti/cache
之后，还要进入console-->configuration-->settings-->misc,设置”Cache Directory”为
/var/www/html/cacti/cache/
b) Syslog插件安装问题
在cacti中访问syslog栏目是会出现以下提示：
1 Warning: include(./include/html/inc_timespan_settings.php) [function.include]:
failed to open stream: No such file or directory in
/var/www/html/plugins/syslog/syslog.php on line 126
2 Warning: include() [function.include]: Failed opening
'./include/html/inc_timespan_settings.php' for inclusion
(include_path='.:/usr/share/pear') in /var/www/html/plugins/syslog/syslog.php on
line 126
只需将/plugins/syslog/syslog.php的第126行
#include($syslog_config["graphtime"] ? "./include/html/inc_timespan_settings.php"
: "plugins/syslog/html/syslog_timespan_settings.php");
修改为：
#include($syslog_config["graphtime"] ?
"./lib/timespan_settings.phpplugins/syslog/html/syslog_timespan_setti
ngs.php");即可

5. 搭建SYSLOG
日常的Linux服务器都会安装syslogd或者rsyslog等日志监控服务。不过，由于日志文件都已文本
形式放到服务器上，一个一个的去查找还是比较麻烦的。不过使用cacti可以为我们找到一条捷径。
1. 安装syslog-ng服务
Syslog-ng，下一代syslog服务。Cacti的syslog监控插件只支持这一种日志服务。
[root@FDWIN proc]#yum install syslog-ng
2. 配置syslog插件
[root@FDWIN proc]#cd /var/www/html/cacti/plugins/syslog/
[root@FDWIN proc]#vi config.php
$syslogdb_type = 'mysql';
$syslogdb_default = 'syslog';
$syslogdb_hostname = 'FDWIN';
$syslogdb_username = '';
$syslogdb_password = '';
3. 配置数据库
[root@FDWIN proc]#mysql -u root -p 123456
mysql>create database syslog;
mysql>grant all on syslog.* to cacti@loaclhost;
mysql>flush privileges;
mysql>exit;
mysql ucacti p – – syslog < syslog.sql
4. 配置syslog-ng.conf
vi /etc/syslog-ng/syslog-ng.conf
@version: 3.0
options {
keep_hostname(yes);

long_hostnames(off);
flush_lines(1);
log_fifo_size(1024);
create_dirs(yes); # if a dir does not exist create it
owner(root); # owner of created files
group(root); # group of created files
perm(0600); # permissions of created files
dir_perm(0700); # permissions of created dirs
};
source net {
udp();
};
destination d_mysql {
pipe("/tmp/mysql.pipe"
template("INSERT INTO cacti.syslog_incoming (host, facility, priority, date,
time, message) VALUES ( '$HOST', '$FACILITY', '$PRIORITY', '$YEAR-$MONTH-$DAY',
'$HOUR:$MIN:$SEC', '$MSG' );\n")
template-escape(yes)
);
};
log { source(net); destination(d_mysql); };
log { source(s_all);destination(d_mysql);};
source s_all {
internal();
unix-stream("/dev/log");
file("/proc/kmsg" program_override("kernel: "));
};
destination single-file {
file("/var/log/syslog-ng/all-messages");
};
[root@FDWIN proc]#service syslog-ng restart ##重启syslog-ng
5. 数据收集
[root@FDWIN proc]#vi /var/www/html/cacti/plugins/syslog/log2sql.sh
#!/bin/bash
if [ ! -e /tmp/mysql.pipe ]; then
mkfifo /tmp/mysql.pipe
fi
while [ -e /tmp/mysql.pipe ]
do
mysql -u cacti --password=cacti cacti < /tmp/mysql.pipe
done
[root@FDWIN proc]#chmod a+x log2sql.sh
[root@FDWIN proc]#vi /etc/rc.local
/var/www/html/cacti/plugins/syslog/log2sql.sh &
[root@FDWIN proc]#crontab -e -u cacti
*/1 * * * * /usr/bin/php /usr/share/cacti/plugins/syslog/syslog_process.php
6. Syslog Screenshot