1、when, while, as 的区别 [说明]作连词时,when,while和as都有“当……时候”的意义,引导时间状语从句,但应注意它们的区别。 1) 如主句谓语动词表示的是短暂动作,从句时间状语指一段时间,三者可通用。 例如:Peter came in while /as I was watching TV. 当Peter进来的时候我正在看电视。 I was watching TV when Peter came in. 当Peter进来时我正在看电视。 2) as 和 when 可与非延续性动词连用,而 while 只能与延
2、续性动词连用。 例如:He came in when/ as I was going to bed. 我正要上床睡觉,他进来了。 3) as 和 while可用来指一段时间,但 as 强调主句与从句表示的动作同时发生,while强调主 句表示的动作是在 while 从句的动作延续中发生。 例如:As my mother sang those old songs, tears ran down her cheeks. 当我妈妈唱起那些老歌时,眼泪顺着她的脸颊流了下来。 I came in while he was reading an
3、interesting book in his room. 我进来的时候他正在房间里看一本有趣的书。 三者都有“当……时候”的意思,注意以下用法与区别: 1、若主句表示的是一个短暂性的动作,而从句表示的是一个持续性动作时,三者都可用。如: He fell asleep when [while, as] he was reading. 他看书时睡着了。 I met him when [as, while] I was taking a walk in the park. 我在公园散步时遇到了他。 注:as 用于引出一个持续性动词表示“在……期间”时,其谓语通
4、常只能是那些含有动作(action)和发展(development) 意味的动词,一般不能是那些不用于进行时态的动词(如 be, seem, love, want, agree, see, know, have 等),所以下面一句中的 while 不能换为 as: A:I’m going to the post office. 我要去邮局。 B:While you are there, can you get me some stamps? 当你在邮局时,能帮我买几张邮票吗? 2、若主、从句表示两个同时进行的持续性动作,且强调主句表示的动作延续到从句所指的整个时间,通常
5、要用 while。如: Don’t talk while you’re eating. 吃饭时不要说话。 I kept silent while he was writing. 在他写的时候,我默不作声。 但是,若主、从句表示的两个同时进行的动作含有“一边……一边”之意思,通常要用 as。如: She sang as she went along. 她边走边唱。 3、若从句是一个短暂性动作,而主句是一个持续性动作,可以用 as 或 when 但不用 while。如: When [As] he came in, I was listening to t
6、he radio. 他进来时,我在听收音机。 It was raining hard when [as] we arrived. 我们到达时正下着大雨。 4、若主、从句表示的是两个同时(或几乎同时)发生的短暂性动作,一般要用 as (也可用 when)。如: I thought of it just when [as] you opened your mouth. 就在你要说的时候,我也想到了。 5、若要表示两个正在发展变化的情况,相当于汉语的“随着”,一般用 as。如: Things are getting better and better as tim
7、e goes on. 随着时间的推移,情况越来越好。 As it grew darker, it became colder. 天色越晚,天气越冷。 6、表示“每当……的时候”(暗示一种规律性),一般要用 when。如: It’s cold when it snows. 下雪时天冷。 He smiles when you praise him. 你夸奖他时他总是笑笑。 7、若主、从句所表示的动作不是同时发生,而是有先后顺序时,一般要用 when。如: I will go home when he comes back. 他回来时,我就回家去。
8、 I will discuss this with you when we meet next time. 我们下次见面时,我要同你讨论这个问题。 这三个连词都可作"当……的时候"解,但它们之间有一些细微的差别。 1.when(at or during the time that)只表示一般的时间关系,它既可指时间的一点(a point of time),也可指一段时间(a period of time)。用when时,从句的动作可与主句的动作同时发生,也可先于主句的动作,因此when用得最多。如: When the clock struck twelve,all the
9、lights went out.当时钟敲了十二下,灯全部都熄了。 He raised his hat when he saw her.当他看见她的时候,频频举帽示敬。 When two bodies are rubbed together,heat is produced.当两个物体摩擦时就会产生热。 Don't forget to return this book for me,when you go to the library.你去图书馆时,不要忘记替我还这本书。 2.while(during the time that)只能指一段时间,而不能指时间的一点。用wh
10、ile时,从句的动作或者与主句的动作同时发生,或者主句的动作是在从句的动作的进展过程中发生的。因此,从句中的谓语必须是表示延续性动作或状态的动词。这是while与when的主要差别。如: Strike while the iron is hot.趁热打铁。 When we arrived in Beijing,it was raining.(arrive不是延续性的动词)我们到达北京时,天正在下雨。 Please don't talk so loud while people are working.别人在工作的时候,请不要大声讲话。 在用when和while连接的从句
11、中,常省略与主句相同的主语和相应的be,而在as连接的从句中一般则不省略。如: Wood gives much smoke while(it is)burning.木头燃烧时冒出许多烟。 He fell asleep while(he was)studying his grammar book.他在阅读语法书的时候睡着了。 While in London,he studied music.他在伦敦的时候,研究音乐。 When(they are)heated,metals expand.金属受热时膨胀。 when和while还可作并列连词用:when作"那时"解,前
12、面有逗号,不能用while代替;while表示对比,作"而"解,前面常有逗号。 The Queen will visit the town in May,when she will open the new hospital.女王将于五月访问该城,届时她将主持一所新医院的开幕式。 Soon the water in the flask will boil,when you may pour some cold water over it.烧瓶中的水一会儿就要开了,那时你可把凉水浇在烧瓶上。 Some materials are weldable,while others ar
13、e not.一些材料是可焊的,而另一些则是不可焊的。 The enemy rots with every passing day,while for us things are getting better daily. 敌人一天天烂下去,我们一天天好起来。 3as(at the same moment that)往往可与when通用,但它着重指从句与主句的动作相伴随发生,可译成:"一面……一面","随着……"。as用得较多。如: Kate read the book as she went along.凯特边走边读书。 As the car moved fast
14、er and faster,it gained more and more kinetic energy.当汽车行驶得越来越快时,它得到的动能也越来越多。 We took notes as we listened to the lecture.我们边听课边记笔记。 As it became more common for women to work outside the house,men began to share the housework.随着妇女就业普遍了,男职工分担了家务劳动。 when/while/as 三词有可以互换的时候,但各有侧重如下: when: 强调某
15、特定时间(点/段时间均可),动词终止、延续均可,意为“当...时候”,“就在此 时(突然)”,“届时/当时”,“既然/尽管/如果”等。常用在固定句型中。 while: 强调某段时间期间,动词只能用延续性动词,意为“当...时候”,“趁着”(或“而”,“尽管”) as: 强调两个动作紧挨着或同时发生,意为“当...时候”“一边...一边”“随着”(或“因为”“尽管”) 1._______ she came in, I stopped eating. 2.I will tell you ______ he comes back. 3.________ you were in the po
16、st office, buy me some stamps please. 4.________ I lived in the countryside, I used to carry some water for him. 5.We were about to leave ________ he came in. 6.He was about to leave, ______the telephone rang. 7.Strike the iron _______ it is hot. 8.________ my wife was reading the newspaper
17、 I was watching TV. 9.I like playing football _______ you like playing basketball. 10We always sing _______ we walk. 11________ we were going out, it began to snow. 12_______ time goes on, her hair is getting grey. 13________ spring warms the good earth, all flowers begin to bloom. 14It was
18、raining hard _______ I got there. 15Mother was worried because little Alice was ill, especially ______ father was away. 16She thought I was talking about her daughter, _____, in fact, I was talking about my daughter. 17_______I had read the article, he called me. 18_______ I got to the cinema,
19、 the film had begun. 19_______ Mary was writing a letter, the children were playing outside. 20_______ you are at home alone, please don’t leave the door open. A. While B. As C. Before D. How 21______ you are alone with her, tell her that you like her. A. While
20、 B. As C. After D. How 22They kept trying _________ they must have known it was hopeless. A. if B. because C. when D. Where 23 ______ I was walking in the street, I suddenly heard someone calling for help. Keys: 1when, 2when, 3while, 4while, 5when, 6when,7while, 8while, 9while, 10as, 11As, 12As, 13As, 14when/as, 15while/when/as, 16while, 17when, 18when, 19while, 20while, 21when, 22.when.23.when/while/as 2






