新世纪大学英语综合教程第三册第七单元.doc

Unit 7 Book 3
What Makes Olympic Champions?
I. Difficult Sentences
1. But Kristi rose to her feet, flashed a dazzling smile and spun back into her
program.
(1) What does “dazzling” mean here? What does the word imply?
(=“Dazzling” means very impressive and attractive. The word “dazzling”
implies that Kristi was very courageous in the face of adversity.)
(2) Translate the sentence into Chinese.
(=但是克里斯蒂站了起来，她灿然一笑，旋转身体，继续表演。)

2. Her spirited recovery gave her the gold medal — a tribute to her
determination and courage.
(1) What does “spirited recovery” refer to?
(=It refers to Kristi’s coming back to her program, which showed her
energy and determination.)
(2) What does “tribute” mean?
(=It means something that you say, do or make to show your admiration and respect for someone.)
(3) Translate the sentence into Chinese.
(=她能鼓起勇气，重振旗鼓，因此赢得了金牌，这是对她的决心和勇气的
褒奖。)

3. I’ve seen dozens of young men and women like Kristi who reached deep
into themselves at a critical moment and found something that brought out their best.
(1) What does “reached deep into themselves” mean?
(=The phrase means “exerted themselves to the utmost.”)
(2) What does “something that brought out their best” mean?
(=It means “a way to bring out their maximum potential.”)
(3) Translate the sentence into Chinese.
(=我目睹了许多像克里斯蒂这样年轻的男女运动员：他们在关键时刻能够
尽自己最大的努力，找到发挥潜能的一种力量。)

4. They mounted the winners’ stand not simply because of athletic talent but
because of firm inner fiber.
(1) What does “firm inner fiber” mean?
(=“Firm inner fiber” means strong willpower.)
(2) Paraphrase this sentence.
(=The champions won not only because of their talent for sports, but
because of their inner quality of determination and perseverance.)

5. But once the dream took shape, both young women clung to it courageously
and worked to make it come true.
(1) What does “take shape” mean?
(=“Take shape” means “be formed.”)
(2) What does “cling to” mean?
(=“Cling to” means “stick to” or “hold on to.”)
(3) Paraphrase the sentence.
(=But once the dream was formed, both young women pursued it
bravely and did their best to realize it through trials and tribulations.)

6. They’re fired up.
(1) What does “fire sb. up” mean?
(=“Fire sb. up” means “to make sb. become very excited, interested, etc.” Another example: We’ve got to get fired up for this game or we have no hope of winning. 我们得鼓起劲来，不然就没有获胜的希望。)
(2) Paraphrase the sentence.
(= They are enthusiastic about what they are doing.)

7. The Olympic Flame that top performers pursue burns inside them.
(1) Paraphrase the sentence.
(=They are immensely inspired by the Olympic spirit, which the Olympic flame represents and the best athletes pursue.)
(2) Translate the sentence.
(=优秀运动员们梦寐以求的奥运圣火在他们的内心深处燃烧。)

8. that’s exactly where he finished
Paraphrase the sentence.
(= that’s exactly what he did: he came in fifth)

9. She had not only seen herself winning, but called her winning time to the
split second.
(1) Paraphrase the sentence.
(=She had not only predicted that she would win, but had also predicted the exact time of winning the race.)
(2) Translate the sentence.
(=她不仅能够在赛前看到自己夺冠，而且对夺冠的成绩也能做出毫秒不差的预测。)

10. the clear leader
What does “the clear leader” mean?
(=“The clear leader” means “the person who has an obvious lead in a race or competition.”)

11. I was the last person expected to make the winners’ podium.
(1) Paraphrase the sentence.
(=I was not at all expected to be the winner.)
(2) Translate the sentence.
(=没有人会想到我能登上领奖台。)

12. But I had trained like crazy, and when the favorites faltered, I was ready.
(1) Paraphrase the sentence.
(=I had exerted myself fully in training, and was therefore ready
to seize the opportunity presented by the failure of the leading
competitors.)
(2) Translate the sentence.
(=在此之前我拼了命地训练，当最有希望获胜的运动员比赛失利时，
我已做好了夺冠的准备。)

13. Olympians I know go through a grind of pointing toward their big moment.
(1) Paraphrase the sentence.
(=The athletes I know who have participated in the Olympic Games
experience lots of hardships on their way to success.)
(2) Translate the sentence.
(=我所了解的这些奥运选手，为了那个辉煌的时刻，日复一日、年复一年地埋头苦干。)

14. So is the assistant sales manager who fills in for the boss in an emergency.
What does this sentence imply?
(=The assistant sales manager who has worked diligently may also be lucky if he is given the place of the boss in an emergency.)

15. In the Olympics—in everything—luck strikes those prepared to capitalize
on it.
(1) What does “strike” mean here?
(=“Strike” means “fall on.”)
(2) What does “capitalize on” mean?
(=“Capitalize on” means “use a situation or something good that you
have, in order to get an advantage for yourself.”)
(3) Translate the sentence.
(=在奥运会上——在任何情况下——好运只光顾那些做好准备的人。)

II. Words and Expressions
1. spectator: n. an observer of an event; someone who is watching an event
or game
*Spectators cheered and clapped as the ship came into the harbor.
*In the discus-throwing when his turn came and he hurled the heavy missile, it swerved and fell among the spectators.
这场比赛吸引了四万多名观众。
(=The match attracted over 40,000 spectators.)

2. groan:
(1) vi. to make a long deep sound because of pain, upset, or
disappointment
*The other people in the queue had obviously been waiting longer than I and were moaning and groaning.
受伤者躺在那里呻吟着, 无人救助。
(=The wounded man lay there groaning, with no one to help him.)
(2) n. a long deep sound one makes when he is in pain or does not want to
do sth.
*The crowd let out a groan when the ball was dropped and the other team scored.
(=The little girl let out a groan of protest at having to go to bed.)
*The door opened with a groan.

Collocation:
groan out 用低沉的声音说出

3. evaporate:
(1) vt. to (cause to) change into steam and disappear
太阳把树叶上的湿气蒸发掉。
(=The sun evaporates moisture on the leaves.)
*This gets the oil hot enough to evaporate any moisture that reacts to form acids in the engine.
(2) vi. to change into vapor; to disappear or vanish
煮饭时，要把米煮熟，继续煮，直至大多数水蒸发掉。
(=When you cook rice, bring the rice to the boil and continue to
cook until most of the water has evaporated.)
*Hopes of achieving peace are beginning to evaporate.

4. tumble:
(1) vi. to fall down quickly and suddenly , especially with a rolling
movement
*A few stones came tumbling down the cliff.
(= She lost her balance and tumbled backwards.)
*The interest rates tumbled to their lowest level for 25 years.
(2) n. a fall, especially one from a height
*It's possible that stocks could take a tumble next year.
*After a lifetime in politics he knows all about the rough and tumble of public life.

5. spin:
(1) vt. to cause to rotate swiftly; to twirl
*The village has a reputation for spinning fine wool yarn.
* He spins the ball well, and is very impressive indeed.
(2) vi. to turn round and round fast; to rotate rapidly
*The ice skater began to spin faster and faster.
猛烈的一击打得敌人昏头转向, 倒在地上。
(=The heavy blow sent the enemy spinning to the ground.)

CF: turn, rotate, revolve, swirl & spin
这些动词都含有“旋转”的意思。
turn 为最普通词，指以以圆圈形途径移动。例如：
*A planet turning on its axis. 行星以自己的轴为中心旋转。
rotate通常涉及物体绕自己的轴或中心旋转的动作。例如：
*The top rotated with decreasing speed as the spring wound down. 当发条越来越松时，陀螺也越转越慢。
revolve的意思与 rotate大致一样，但在特定的语境中，它涉及到在轨道上的运动，因此与 rotate有所区别。例如：
*The earth revolves around the sun. 地球绕太阳公转。
swirl 通常表示翻滚、起伏或旋转。例如：
*The flood waters swirled wildly under the bridge. 滚滚急流在桥下翻滚而过。

*The milliner swirled tulle lavishly above the brim of the hat. 卖帽子的商人将面纱过多地卷在帽沿上。
spin的意思是快速旋转，通常在狭窄的范围内。例如：
*The wheels where spinning in the mud, but the car wouldn't move. 车轮在泥浆里打转，但汽车不动。

6. consultant: n. one who gives expert or professional advice
*Mr. Brown Smith has left his job as a computer programmer and is working as a consultant for a German firm.
*The consultant told Jean that an operation was necessary to
save her life.

7. mount:
(1) vt.
a. to go up; to climb a step or stairs
*He mounted the stairs and looked around him slowly.
*A car suddenly mounted the pavement to avoid a vehicle coming in the opposite direction.
b. to place or fix on or in the appropriate support or setting for display or study
*John mounted his newly bought stamps in his album.
*Entries to the photography competition should be mounted on white paper.
(2) vi. to go upward; to rise; to increase in amount, extent, or intensity
*Casualties on both sides of the battle have continued to mount.
*As the General Election approaches, problems start to mount.

Collocations:
mount photographs 给照片装框
mount the stairs 上楼梯
mount a map on paper 给地图裱上纸
mount guards 派设警卫
mount an attack 发动攻势

CF: ascend, climb & mount
这些动词均含有“攀登”、“上升”之意。
ascend正式用词，指不用手攀，一直上升直到相当高的地方。例如：
*The four-year-old boy easily ascended the stairs to the bedroom. 这个四岁的男孩轻松地爬上楼梯到卧室去了。
climb普通用词，含义广泛，强调运用手足费力地攀登或上升，也可指抽象事物。例如：
*Do you think you can climb up the steep cliff? 你觉得你能够爬上那个很陡的悬崖峭壁吗？
mount词义与ascend相近，强调连续不断地向上移动、攀登或上涨。指骑马时用mount。例如：
*The soldiers stood beside their horses, waiting for the order to mount. 士兵们站在他们的马旁，等候着上马的命令。

8. visualize: vt. to form a mental image of; to envisage
*I tried to visualize the house while he was describing it.
*An architect can look at a drawing and visualize a three-dimensional shape.
迈克尔闭上眼睛，尽力想象把手表放到哪儿了。
(=Michael closed his eyes, trying to visualize where he had put his watch)
(=Mary visualized John getting angry when she told him about the damage.)

9. represent: vt. to stand for or symbolize；to officially speak or take action for
another person or group of people
*Her greatest ambition was to represent her country at the Olympics.
*The museum had several paintings representing the artist's early style.
秃鹰象征美国。
(=The bald eagle represents the United States.)

10. gymnast: n. a person who is trained and skilled in gymnastics, especially
one who engages in competition.
*John had become an enthusiastic gymnast, impressing his
friends with his strength and sleek fluidity in motion.
*Top-flight gymnasts practice eight hours a day for decades.

11. press:
(1) n.
a. journalism in general; the collecting and publishing or broadcasting of
news
*There was a lot of speculation in the press that the Prime Minister
was about to resign.
(=Do you think the press has too much influence on politics?)
b. the people involved in the media, as news reporters, photographers,
publishers, and broadcasters
*Make sure the local press are there to hear my speech.
*Princess Diana was followed by the press wherever she went.
(2) vt. to exert steady weight or force against; to bear down on
*Mary pressed the gas pedal and the car leapt forwards.
*To get coffee, put your money in the machine and press the green button.
*Press Ctrl + Alt +Delete to log on to the computer.

Collocations:
press conference 记者招待会
press communiqué 新闻公报
freedom of the press 出版自由
press for 敦促
press ahead with 加紧努力

12. gym: n.
(1) gymnasium; a special building or room that has equipment for
doing physical exercise
*John goes to the gym to do weight training several times a week.
(= It was raining, so we had to play football in the gym this afternoon.)
(2) exercises that people do indoors for physical development and as a
sport, especially at school
*She kept asking her gym teacher, imploring until her enthusiasm wedged
her into the program.
*We put on our gym shoes and trooped out to the gym in silence.

13. eloquent: adj.
(1) able to express ideas and opinions readily and well, so that the hearers are influenced
*Maria is an eloquent speaker, able to move and inspire
audiences.
*Martin Luther King was an eloquent speaker, famous for his speech “I
Have a Dream.”
(2) showing a feeling or meaning without using words
*The photographs are an eloquent reminder of the horrors
of war.
*The healthy appearance of the children is eloquent of the wealth of
the nation.

14. initial:
(1) adj. happening at the beginning
(=I was only involved in the initial stages of the planning.)
*In the initial stages, the researcher needs to understand the market and the client's position and objectives.
(2) n. the first letter of a proper name
*What are the names of the rivers marked by initials on the
map?
*His initials are DPH: they stand for David Perry Hallworth.
(3) vt. to write one’s initials on a document to make it official or to show that one agrees with sth.
*The two countries have initialed a new defense cooperation agreement. If you alter something you have written on a check, you must initial the change.

15. consecutive: adj. following in regular unbroken order
*Inflation fears and rising interest rates sent the stock market plummeting to
its fourth consecutive loss yesterday.
这家公司已经连续七年盈利。
( The company has made a profit for seven consecutive years.)

CF: continual, continuous, successive & consecutive
这些形容词均有“连续的”、“不断的”之意。
continual强调重复或持续发生，但连续之间允许有间断。例如:
*Recently the young couple have continual arguments with each other for
trifles. 近来这对年轻人不断为了一些小事争吵。
continuous语意最强，强调在时间和空间上没有间断。例如:
*She suffered a continuous bout of illness lasting six months. 她的病持续
了六个月。
successive强调事物一个接一个地发生，无间断。例如:
*The school team won five successive games. 校队连续获得五场比赛的胜利。
consecutive强调依顺序连贯的。例如:
*The streets of New York City are numbered in consecutive order. 纽约的
街是按序编号的。

16. embody: vt.
(1) to represent in bodily or material form; to be a very good example of an idea or quality
*As John embodied the old style, Bill embodied the new.
言语能够具体表现各种思想和感情。
(=Language can embody various thoughts and feelings.)
(2) to include something; to make part of a system or whole; to incorporate
*The latest model embodies many new improvements.
此书收录了许多年轻作家的作品。
(=This book embodies the works of many young writers.)

17. confess: vt. to admit sth. that one feels embarrassed about
*Mary confessed that she didn't really know how to work the computer.
*Occasionally people confess to crimes they haven't committed just to get
attention.
*Edwards confessed to being a spy for the KGB.

CF: acknowledge, admit, confess, recognize & concede
这些动词均含“承认”之意。
acknowledge通常指公开承认某事的真实情况或自己的过错。例如：
*He acknowledged that the purchase had b