抽象名词具体化.doc

抽象名词具体化
抽象名词具体化通常可分为以下两类：
一、 表示情感、情绪的词，强调具体的人或事时常将其具体化使用。常用的重点抽象名词可概括为如下11个字：惊、乐、幸、憾、傲、慰、险、助、成、败、美。
1. surprise吃惊、惊奇（不可数名词）
a surprise令人吃惊的人或事（可数名词）
如：in surprise惊奇地、吃惊地，to one’s surprise令人吃惊的是
What a surprise to see you here! 在这里见到你真是个意外的事。
2. pleasure愉快、高兴（不可数名词）
a pleasure一个乐事、一个乐趣（可数名词）
如：with pleasure高兴地、乐意地，take pleasure in以…为乐、爱好
It’s a pleasure to work with him. 和他一块儿工作是件乐事。
3. honor荣誉、信誉（不可数名词）
an honor一种光荣的人或事（可数名词）
如：for the honor of the country为了国家的荣誉
It’s an honor to speak here.在这里发言是我的荣幸。
4. pity 遗憾
a pity 一件遗憾的事
It’s a pity that you should fail to pass the exam.
5. pride骄傲（不可数名词）
a pride令人骄傲的人或事（可数名词）
如：He takes pride in his son.他以儿子为骄傲。
He is a pride to his parents.他是父母的一个骄傲。
6. comfort安危、舒适（不可数名词）
a comfort一个令人安慰的人或事（可数名词）
如：enjoy comfort享受舒适
Books become a comfort to him.书籍成为他的一种安慰。
She tried to make her children live in comfort , which is a great comfort to her.
7. danger危险（不可数名词）
a danger可能引起危险的人或物（可数名词）
如：In war, a soldier’s life is full of danger.战争中，士兵的生命充满了危险。
The man is a danger to society.那是个对社会危险的人物。
8. success成功（不可数名词）
a success一个成功的人或事（可数名词）
如：be sure of success确信成功
He is a great success as a scientist.作为科学家，他是个伟大的成功者。
9. failure失败（不可数名词）
a failure/failures失败的人或事（可数名词）
如：Failure is the mother of success.失败是成功之母。
He had had six failures and would have a seventh try.
他已经历六次失败，并将再次努力。
10. help 帮助
a help帮手，起帮助作用的物
It’s a great help to me.
11. beauty美、美丽（不可数名词）
a beauty美人、美丽的东西（可数名词）
如：the beauty of nature大自然的美
He regarded his wife as a beauty.他把妻子视为美人。
二、表示“一次”、“一场”、“一段”等“一……”的概念，常与动词连用构成短语，名词前常有形容词修饰。如：
1. have a good time ，have a wonderful supper ，have a good knowledge/understanding of；have a population of ，have an income of ，cover an area of，reach a height of。
2. 与动词have, take, make, give等连用，表示某一次短暂的动作。如：
have a swim/rest/look/trip/discussion/smoke/wash/sleep
take a walk/bath
give/take a try
make an advance/an early start/an apology
take/have a great interest
go out for a walk
3. 接同源宾语的短语如：
live/lead a happy/simple/hard/poor/bitter life，dream a strange dream， die a heroic death

巩固练习：
1. It is often said that______ teachers have ______very easy life.
A. 不填；不填 B. 不填；a C. the; 不填 D. the; 不填
2. He developed______ deep interest in inspects when he was at ______age of 8.
A. a; a B. the; the C. a; the D. the; a
3. It’s ______pity that the meeting was ______complete success.

A. the; 不填 B. a; a C. a; 不填 D. 不填; a
4. She tried to make the children live______ , which is ______great comfort to her.
A. in comfort; a B. in comforts; 不填
C. in a comfort; a D. in comfort; 不填
5. What a great______ it is to work here! Everybody is so kind to me.
A. failure B. job C. fun D. pleasure
6. One way to understand thousands of new words is to gain ______good knowledge
of basic word formation.
A. 不填 B. the C. a D. one
7. “What ______great surprise to meet you here!” She said in ______surprise.
A. 不填; 不填 B. a; 不填 C. 不填; the D. a; a
8. ______M(m)oney plays an important role in material world. But you can’t
expect it to give you______ real happiness.
A. A; the B. 不填; a C. 不填; the D. The; the
9. Reading is ______good habit. Stick to it, and you’ll make ______great progress.
A. a; 不填 B. a; a C. the; a D. 不填; a
10. –Do you think an advertisement is______ help when you look for a job?
--Well, it depends. Anyway, it gives me more of______ chance to try.
A. a; a B. 不填; 不填 C. the; the D. a; the
KEYS:
1—5 BCBAD 6—10 CBCAD
链接高考
冠词2007-2008年高考)
1. —Could you tell me the way to ____ Johnsons, please?
—Sorry, we don’t have ____ Johnson here in the village. （2007 全国卷II）
A. the; the B. the; a C. /; the D. the; /
2. I looked under _____bed and found ______book I lost last week. （2007 北京卷）
A.the; a B. the: the C. 不填；the D. the:;不填
3 ________ walk is expected to last all day, so bring____ packed lunch. （2007 山东卷）
A．A;a B．The; 不填 C．The ; a D．A ; 不填
4. —How about Christmas evening party? （2007 福建卷）
—I should say it was success.

A.a; a B.The; a C.a;不填 D.the; 不填
5. Polar bears live mostly on______sea ice, which they use as ______platform for hunting seals. （2007 湖南卷）
A. a; a B. a; the C. 不填; a D. the; 不填
6. We have every reason to believe that_____ 2008 Beijing Olympic Games will be_____ success.（2007 江苏卷）
A. / … a B. the … / C. the … a D. a … a
7. Many people have come to realize that they should go on ___balanced diet and make ____ room in their day for exercise. （2007 江西卷）
A.a;/ B.the; a C.the;the D./;a
8. In film Cast Away.Tom Hanks plays man named Chuck Noland. （2007 陕西卷）
A.a; the B.the; a C.the; the D.a; a
9. How about taking ______ short break? I want to make _______ call．（2007 四川卷）
A．the；a B．a；the C．the；the D．a；a
10. I wanted to catch _early train, but couldn’t get ________ ride to the station. （2007 天津卷）
A. an, the B. /, the C. an, / D. the, a
11. I like _____ color of your skirt. It is _____ good match for your blouse. （2007 浙江卷）
A. a; the B. a; a C. the; a D. the; the
12. Gorge couldn’t remember when he first met Mr. Anderson, but he was sure it was _____ Sunday because everybody was at _______ church. （2007 重庆卷）
A. /; the B. the; / C. a; / D. /; a
13. Chrismas is _____ special holiday when _______ whole family are supposed to get together.（2007 辽宁卷）
A. the, the B. a, a C. the, a D. a, the
14.（08湖南卷）22. Have you heard ______ news？The price of _______ petrol is going up again!
A. the, the B. 不填，the C. the, 不填 D. 不填，不填
15.（08江苏卷）21. We went right round to the west coast by ____ sea instead of driving across ______ continent.
A. the; the B.不填；the C. the; 不填 D. 不填；不填
16.（08山东卷）21. Students should be encouraged to use ______ Internet as ______ resource.
A. 不填；a B. 不填; the C. the; the D. the; a
17.（08江西卷）30. --- I am so sorry to have come late for the meeting.
--- It is not your fault. With __ rush-hour traffic and __ heavy rain, it is no wonder you were late.
A. a; a B. the; the C. /; / D. /; a
18.（08辽宁卷）24. My neighbor asked me to go for ______ walk, but I don’t think I’ve got ______ energy.
A. a; 不填 B. the; the C. 不填；the D. a; the
19. (08全国II)8. It’s not ___ good idea to drive for four hours without ___ break.
A. a ; a B. the ; a C. the ; the D. a ; the
20. （08陕西卷）10. I ate _________ sandwich while I was waiting for _________ 20:08 train.
A. the, a B. the, the C. a, the D. a, a
21. (08四川卷)8. In the United States, there is always ____ flow of people to areas of ______ country where more jobs can be found.
A. a; the B. the ; a C. the; the D. a; a
22.（08浙江卷）2. __ apple fell from the tree and hit him on ______ head.
A. An; the B. The; the C. An; 不填 D. The; 不填
23.（08重庆卷）27. In many places in China, ___ bicycle is still ___ popular means of transportation.
A. a; the B. /; a C. the; a D. the;the
KEYS:
1-10 B B C B C C A B D D 11-23 C C D C B D B D A C A A C