语法课9市公开课一等奖百校联赛优质课金奖名师赛课获奖课件.ppt

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LOGO,豌豆语法课,豌豆群：,6528224,1/12,一、过去未来进行时,1,定义：过去未来进行时表示就过去某一时间而言,未来某一时刻或某一段时间正在进行动作。,.,过去未来进行时主要用于宾语从句 中,尤其多用于间接引语中。,举例：,They said they would be coming.,He asked me what I should be doing at six the next day.,过去未来进行时能够表示在过去某一时间之后即将进行动作。,He said that he could not come because he would be having a meeting.,2/12,3.,过去未来进行时表示在过去未来某一时间正在发生动作。它常和表示过去未来时间状语连用，但上下文清楚时，时间状语亦可省略。和未来进行时一样，它也常表计划中事，不表意愿或打算。它还有一个特点，即惯用在宾语从句（尤其是间接引语）中。,John told us that Mary would be coming next day.,I never realized that some day I would be living in China.,She said she would be setting off on the 10 oclock train.,4.,过去未来进行时有时也可用在其它从句中。,The new name he would be using was Jack Jones.,The new job he would be taking was raising racing horses.,5.,过去未来进行时也可用在独立句中。,The car started.Ellen James would be driving off to the university.,3/12,二、现在完成时,1,含义：现在完成时指过去发生而且已经完成动作对现在造成影响或后果，过去某一时间开始并一直连续到现在而且有可能还会连续动作或状态。,2,形式：,have/has+done,3,使用方法注意,现在完成时不能单独与准确时间连用，（如表示过去时间状语）,如,yesterday(morning,、,afternoon),last(morning,、,afternoon,）等，除非与,for,since,连用,.,现在完成时往往同表示不确定过去时间状语连用 如,already,（必定），,yet,（否定，疑问），,just,before,recently,still,lately,never,等：,He has already obtained a scholarship.,I havent seen much of him recently(lately).,We have seen that film before.,4/12,现在完成时经常与表示频度时间状语,如,often,sometimes,ever,never,twice,on several occasion,等：,Have you ever been to Beijing,I have never heard Bunny say anything against her.,.,George has met that gentleman on several occasions.,现在完成时还往往能够同包含现在时间在内时间状语连用如,now,up to these few days/weeks/months/years,this morning/week/month/year,just,today,up to present,so far,等：,Peter has written six papers so far.,Man has now learned to release energy from the nucleus of the atom.,There has been too much rain in San Francisco this year.,The friendly relations and cooperation between our two countries have been enhanced in the past few years.,Up to the present everything has been successful.,5/12,YOUR LOGO,现在完成时还能够用来表示过去一个时间到现在这段时间内重复发生动作,.,We have had four texts this semester.,三过去完成时,1,定义：表示发生在过去动作对现在造成某种影响或结果，用来指定在另一个过去行动之前就已经完成了一个事件。过去某动作一直连续到现在未来可能还要延续下去句中动作发生在过去之前（过去过去），即过去完成时动作发生在过去过去。,3,基本使用方法,（,1,）表示在过去某一时刻或动作以前完成了动作，也能够说过去时间关于过去动作。,By nine oclock last night,we had got 200 pictures from the spaceship.,（,2,）表示由过去某一时刻开始，一直延续到过去另一时间动作或状态，常和,for,since,组成时间状语连用。,I had been at the bus stop for 20 minutes when a bus finally came.,He said he had worked in that factory since 1949.,6/12,YOUR LOGO,叙述过去发生事情，在已叙述了过去发生事情后，反过来追述或补述以前发生动作时，常使用过去完成时。,Mr.Smith died yesterday.He had been a good friend of mine.,I didnt know a thing about the verbs,for I had not studied my lesson.,（,4,）在含有定语从句主从复合句中，假如叙述是过去事，先发生动作惯用过去完成时。,She found the key that she had lost.I returned the book that I had borrowed.,（,5,）过去完成时常惯用在,told,said,knew,heard,thought,等动词后宾语从句（或间接引语）中，这时从句中动作发生在主句表示过去动作之前。,He said that he had known her well.,I thought I had sent the letter a week before,7/12,YOUR LOGO,（,6,）状语从句：在过去不一样时间发生两个动作中，发生在前，用过去完成时；发生在后，用普通过去时。如,when,before,after,as soon as,till/until,引导,When I woke up,it had already stopped raining.,She didnt go to bed until she had finished her work,After he arrived in England,Marx worked hard to improve his English.,（,7,）动词,think,want,hope,mean,plan,intend,等用过去完成时来表示过去未曾实现想法，希望，打算或意图等。,They had wanted to help but could not get there in time.,We had hoped to be able to come and see you,（,8,）过去完成时还可用在,hardlywhen,no soonerthan,It was the first(second,etc)time(that),等固定句型中。,Hardly had he begun to speak when the audience interrupted him.,No sooner had he arrived than he went away again.,It was the third time that he had been out of work that year.,8/12,YOUR LOGO,三、未来完成时,1,定义：未来完成时用来表示在未来某一时间以前已经完成或一直连续动作。经常与,before+,未来时间或,by+,未来时间连用，也可与,before,或,by the time,或,by the end of,短语引导现在时从句连用。,2,组成：,shall+have+,过去分词用于第一人称，,will+have+,过去分词用于其它人称。,3,未来完成时使用方法,表示在未来某一时间之前已完成动作，并往往对未来某一时间产生影响。,Pick me up at 8 o clock,I will have had breakfast by then.,By the time you get home I will have cleaned the house from top to bottom.,9/12,YOUR LOGO,表示推测，相当于,must have done,结构。,You will have heard of this,I guess.,I am sure he will have got the information.,表示某种状态一直连续到说话人所提及时间。,We will have been married a year on June 25th.,10/12,YOUR LOGOWith,复合结构,1,定义：它是由介词,with,或,without+,复合结构组成，复合结构作介词,with,或,without,复合宾语，复合宾语中第一部分宾语由名词或代词充当，第二部分补足语由形容词、副词、介词短语、动词不定式或分词充当，分词能够是现在分词，也能够是过去分词。在句子中,with,结构多数充当状语，表示行为方式，伴随情况、时间、原因或条件,2with,结构组成,with,或,without-,名词,/,代词,+,形容词,He is used to sleeping with the windows open.,She came into the room,，,with her nose red because of cold.,with,或,without-,名词,/,代词,+,副词,With the meal over,，,we all went home.,She left the room with all the lights on,11/12,YOUR LOGO,with,或,without-,名词,/,代词,+,介词短语,He walked into the dark street with a stick in his hand.,The teacher entered the classroom with a book in his handwith,或,without-,名词,/,代词,+,动词不定式,With so much work to do,I have no time for a holiday.,He could not finish it without me to help him.,He lay in the dark empty house,，,with not a man,，,woman or child to say he was kind to me.,with,或,without-,名词,/,代词,+,分词,She fell asleep with the light burning.,Without anything left in the cupboard,，,she went out to get something to eat.,with,复合结构能够作定语,Anyone with its eyes in his head can see its exactly like a rope.,12/12,