全国高等教育自学考试模拟试题英语翻译共五套.doc

全国高等教育自学考试（一）
英语翻译试题
课程代码：00087

请将答案填在答题纸相应位置上
一、 单项选择题 （本大题共15小题，每小题2分，共30分）
（一）本部分共有10小题，在每小题列出的四个备选项中只有一个在意义和表达方面与原文最接近，选择最佳译文。 错选、多选或未选均无分。（20分）
1. Chu Teh remembered his age. He was thirty—six, his youth had passed like a screaming eagle, leaving him old and disillusioned.
A. 朱德还记得自己的年龄，他已三十六岁，青春一去不复返，留给他的是衰老和幻灭。
B. 朱德想起自己的年龄，他已三十六岁，青春像一路鸣叫的鹰，早已一闪而逝，留给他的是衰老和幻灭。
C. 朱德想起自己的年龄，他已三十六岁，青春像一路鸣叫的鹰，早已不在了，使他有衰老感和幻灭感。
D. 朱德还记得自己的年龄，他已三十六岁，青春像一路鸣叫的鹰，早已一闪而逝，留给他的是衰老和幻灭。
2. Several times on his trips to China, which he made as a guest of the Chinese government, Bill’s birthday occurred while he was in Beijing.
A. 好几次访问中国，比尔都是作为中国政府的客人，而好几次生日都是在北京度过的。
B. 比尔作为中国政府的客人数次访问中国，好几次都是在北京过的生日。
C. 比尔作为中国政府的客人访问中国，好几次都赶上在北京过生日。
D. 好几次访问中国，比尔都是作为中国政府的客人，好几次都赶上在北京过生日。
3. My fingers lingered almost unconsciously on the familiar leaves and blossoms which had just come forth to greet the sweet southern spring.
A. 我几乎是无意识地用手抚摸着我所熟悉的叶片和花朵，这新长的叶片和刚开的花朵在南方迎来了芬芳的春天。
B. 我的手指几乎是无意识地抚摸着我所熟悉的叶片和花朵，这新长的叶片和刚开的花朵在欢迎南方芬芳的春天。
C. 我几乎是无意识地用手指触摸着我所熟悉的叶片和花朵，这叶片和花朵是新生长出来欢迎南方芬芳的春天的。
D. 我几乎是无意识地用手指抚摸着我所熟悉的叶片和花朵，这新长的叶片和花朵在南方迎来了芬芳的春天。
4. Between 1860 and 1910, the number of farms in the US trebled, increasing from 2 million to 6 million while the area farmed more than doubled from 160 million to 352 million hectares.
A. 在一八六○年到一九一○年间，美国的农场数增加了三倍，自二百万个增加到六百万个，耕地的面积扩大了一倍多，从一亿六千万公顷增至三亿五千二百万公顷。
B. 在一八六○年到一九一○年间，美国的农场数增加到两倍，自二百万个增加到六百万个，耕地的面积扩大了一倍多，从一亿六千万公顷增至三亿五千二百万公顷。
C. 在一八六○年到一九一○年间，美国的农场数增加了两倍，自二百万个增加到六百万个，耕地的面积扩大到一倍多，从一亿六千万公顷增至三亿五千二百万公顷。
D. 在一八六○年到一九一○年间，美国的农场数增加了两倍，自二百万个增加到六百万个，耕地的面积扩大了一倍多，从一亿六千万公顷增至三亿五千二百万公顷。
5. The tall, well-dressed gentleman standing before me was certainly a far cry from the old sea wolf of my imagination.
A. 站在我面前的这位身材高大、衣冠楚楚的先生，说起话来无疑与我先前想象的老海怪不同。
B. 站在我面前的是一位身材高大、衣着讲究的先生，与我先前想象的老海怪完全不同。
C. 站在我面前的是一位身材高大、衣冠楚楚的先生，与我心目中的老海怪隔得很远。
D. 站在我面前的是一位身材高大、衣着讲究的先生，与我先前想象的老海怪距离很远。
6. 我们要埋头苦干。我们肩上的担子重，责任大啊！
A. We must immerse ourselves in hard work, we have difficult task to accomplish and bear a heavy responsibility on our shoulder.
B. We must immerse ourselves in hard work; we feel a heavy burden on our shoulder and bear a heavy responsibility.
C. We must immerse ourselves in hard work, we have difficult task on our shoulder and bear a heavy responsibility.
D. We must immerse ourselves in hard work; we have difficult task to accomplish and a heavy responsibility to bear.
7. 我最近还在另一个地方说过：艺术的最好境界是无技巧。
A. I’ve also said recently on another occasion that the highest state to which art can attain is artlessness.
B. I’ve also said recently in another occasion that the highest state to which art can attain is artlessness.
C. I’ve also said recently in another place that the highest state to which art can attain is artlessness.
D. I’ve also said recently in another occasion that the highest state to which art can attain is skilllessness.
8. 在1977年，中国进出口总额还不到150亿美元，仅占世界贸易总额的0.6%。
A. In 1977, the total sum of Chinese imports and exports was less than $15 billion, put China’s share of world trade at 0.6 percent.
B. In 1977, the sum total of Chinese imports and exports was less than $15 billion, putting China’s share of world trade at 0.6 percent.
C. In 1977, the sum total of Chinese imports and exports was less than $150 billion, putting China’s share of world trade at 0.6 percent.
D. In 1977, the total sum of Chinese imports and exports was less than $150 billion, putting China’s share of world trade at 0.6 percent.
9. 提高现在耕地单位面积产量有潜力。
A. Increasing the yield per unit area on the existing cultivated land is potential.
B. It is potential for increasing the yield per unit area on the existing cultivated land.
C. There is potential for increasing the yield per unit area on the existing cultivated land.
D. It is potential to increase the yield per unit area on the existing cultivated land.
10. ……可我从头到脚淋成了落汤鸡了。
A. …. I was drenched from head to foot like a drowned hen.
B. …. I was drenched from head to foot like a drowned mouse.
C. …. I was drenched from head to foot like a drowned rat.
D. …. I was drenched from head to foot like a drowned cat.

（二）本部分共有5小题，在每小题列出的四个备选项中只有一个是符合题目要求的，选择最佳答案完成句子。 错选、多选或未选均无分。（10分）
11. 中国第一个系统介绍西方哲学的人是 ________。
A. 严复 B. 王佐良
C. 林纾 D. 钱钟书
12. 提出“既需求真，又须喻俗”的是________。
A. 阿毗昙 B. 释道安
C. 鸠摩罗什 D. 玄奘
13. 主张直译，同时又提倡保留“神韵”的是________。
A. 郭沫若 B. 茅盾
C. 鲁迅 D. 瞿秋白
14. 提出“重神似不重形似”观点的是________。
A. 钱钟书 B. 傅雷
C. 瞿秋白 D. 许渊冲
15. “I have always aimed at translating sense, not words. ” is expressed by________.
A. Theodore Savory B. Cicero
C. Saint Jerome D. A. F. Tytler

二、 词语翻译（本大题共20小题，每小题1分，共20分）
（一） 将下列词语译成中文（10分）
16. full diplomatic relations
17. graduate school
18. racial discrimination
19. bilateral trade
20. a major economy
21. sustainable development
22. traffic congestion
23. the international community
24. gene mutation
25. income tax

（二） 将下列词语译成英语（10分）
26. 全国人民代表大会
27. 北洋军阀政府
28. 劳动密集型产业
29. 固定资产
30. 外交部
31. 副教授
32. 国民生产总值
33. 自然遗产
34. 全球化
35. 生物工程

三、 改译题（本大题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分）
（一） 下列句子的中译文有一个或一个以上错误，请加以改正。（10分）
Example:
原文：Adelaide enjoys a Mediterranean climate.
译文：阿德莱德享有地中海气候。
改译：阿德莱德属地中海气候。
36. 原文：On that afternoon, I stood on the porch, dumb, expectant.
译文：那天下午，我呆呆地，怀着期待的心情站在门廊里。
37. 原文：“You mustn’t use all that electricity to please me,” he protested.
译文：他抗议道：“你们不该用这么多电，就为了让我高兴。”
38. 原文：Scarcely less important than machinery in the agricultural revolution was science.
译文：在农业革命中比之机械不太重要的是科学。
39. 原文：Despite the great gains in industry, agriculture remained the nation’s basic occupation.
译文：尽管工业取得了很大的进步，但农业保持着国家的基本事业。
40. 原文：Scientists are confident about the formation of coal.
译文：科学家对煤是怎样形成的很自信。

（二） 下列句子的英译文有一个或一个以上错误，请加以改正。（10分）
Example:
原文：中国在任何情况之下决不首先使用核武器。
译文：At no time China will be the first to use nuclear weapons.
改译：At no time will China be the first to use nuclear weapons.
41. 原文：总之，一个合逻辑，一个合文法，一个较好的修辞，这三点请你们在写文章的时候注意。
译文：In short, to be logical, to be grammatical and to have a better command of rhetoric, these are the three points I would like you to bear in mind when you write.
42. 原文：如今，能为他的这本散文集子作序，我觉得很荣幸。
译文：Now, to be able to write a preface to this collection of his essays, I find it a great honor.
43. 原文我们在面对成绩时，应保持谦虚的态度。
译文：We should keep the attitude of modesty when facing achievements.
44. 原文：鼓励外国合营者将可汇出的外汇存入中国银行。
译文：To encourage a foreign joint venturer to deposit in the Bank of China the foreign exchange which it is entitled to remit abroad.
45. 原文：当时，许多孩子正在靠近铁轨的地方玩耍，他们那样大胆，不知道危险就在眼前，使我们非常吃惊。
译文：Many children were playing closely to the tracks then, and we were stunned by their ignorance and daring.

四、 段落翻译 （本大题共2小题，每小题15分，共30分）
（一） 将下列短文译成汉语（15分）
46. People from different cultures sometimes do things that make each other uncomfortable—without meaning to or sometimes without even realizing it.
Most Americans have never been out of the country and have very little experience with foreigners. But they are usually spontaneous, friendly and open, and enjoy meeting new people, having guests and bringing people together formally or informally. They tend to use first names under most circumstances and speak freely about themselves. So if your American hosts do something that makes you uncomfortable, try to let them know how you feel. Most people will appreciate your honesty and try not to make you uncomfortable again.
（二） 将下列短文译成英语（15分）
47. 在中国古代史上，黄河被称为中华民族的“母亲”，她哺育了千千万万中华儿女。黄河流域是中华民族的“摇篮”，也是中国文化的发祥地。远古时代，这里曾经草木茂密、植物丰盛，中华民族的祖先便在这块广大的土地上劳动生息。经过数十万年原始社会生活以后，在中国这块辽阔的国土上，黄河流域最早进入农业文明。黄河流域的古都西安、洛阳、开封是北宋以前中国政治、经济和文化的中心。勤劳勇敢的中国人民在这里创造了绚丽多彩的艺术和文化。

全国高等教育自学考试（二）
英语翻译试题
课程代码：00087
请将答案填在答题纸相应位置上

I . Multiple Choice (30 points, 2 points for each)
A. Directions: This part consists of ten sentences, each followed by four different versions marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the closest equivalent of the original in terms of meaning and expressiveness. (Please write the corresponding letter on the answer sheet.)
1. Chu Deh remembered his age. He was thirty-six, his youth had passed like a screaming eagle, leaving him old and disillusioned.
A.朱德想起了自己的年龄，他已36岁了，他的青春转瞬即逝，使他感到衰老和失望。
B.朱德想起了自己的年龄，36岁了，青春转瞬即逝，使他感到衰老和失望。
C.朱德想起了自己的年龄，36岁了，他的青春转瞬即逝，留给他的只是衰老和失望。
D.朱德想起了自己的年龄，他已36岁了，青春转瞬即逝，留给他的只是衰老和失望。
2. It would have been difficult to find a happier child than I was as I lay in my crib at the close of that eventful day and lived over the joys it had brought me.
A.在这个意义重大的日子即将结束的时候，我躺在小床上，沉浸在快乐之中，恐怕再也找不到比我更幸福的孩子了。
B.在这个意义重大的日子即将结束的时候，我躺在小床上，生活在快乐之中，我比任何孩子都幸福。
C.恐怕再也找不到比我更幸福的孩子了，就在这个意义重大的日子即将结束的时候，我躺在小床上，沉浸在快乐之中。
D.我比任何孩子都幸福，就在这个意义重大的日子即将结束的时候，我躺在小床上，生活存快乐之中。
3. My fingers lingered almost unconsciously on the familiar leaves and blossoms which had just come forth to greet the sweet southern spring.
A.几乎是无意识地，我用手指摸着我所熟悉的叶片和花朵，久久不愿移开，这些新长的叶片和刚开的花朵迎来了芬芳的、南方的春天。
B.几乎是无意识地，我用手指摸着我所熟悉的叶片和花朵，久久不愿移开，这些新长的叶片和刚开的花朵似乎在迎接着南国芬芳的春天。
C.我的手指几乎是无意识地摸着我所熟悉的叶片和花朵，久久不愿移开，这些新长的叶片和刚开的花朵迎来了芬芳的、南方的春天。
D.我的手指几乎是无意识地摸着我所熟悉的叶片和花朵，久久不愿移开，这些新长的叶片和刚开的花朵似乎在迎接着南国芬芳的春天。
4. I am filled with wonder when I consider the immeasurable contrast between the two lives it connects.
A.从今天开始，我的生活和以前迥然不同，想到这点，我就感到非常兴奋。
B.我非常兴奋，因为我想到我今后的生活和以前迥然不同。
C.从今天开始，我的生活会和以前迥然不同，想到这点，我就感到非常兴奋。
D.我非常兴奋，因为我想到今后的我会和以前生活迥然不同。
5. To determine the consequences of sleep deficit, researchers have put subjects through a set of psychological and performance tests.
A.为了弄清睡眠不足会产生什么样的后果，研究人员通过一系列心理测试和表现测试来设立学科。
B.为了弄清睡眠不足会产生什么样的后果，研究人员对这些学科进行了各种测试，包括心理和表现。
C.为了弄清睡眠不足会产生什么样的后果，研究人员对测试对象进行了各种测试，包括心理和表现。
D.为了弄清睡眠不足会产生什么样的后果，研究人员对测试对象进行了一系列的心理测试和表现测试。
6.今天，专心致志进行现代化建设的中国人民，更需要有一个长期的和平国际环境和良好的周边环境。
A. Today, the Chinese people, who are committing to their modernization, need more than ever a long-term international environment of peace and a favorable neighboring climate.
B. Today, the Chinese people, who are committed to their modernization, need more than ever a long-term international environment of peace and a favorable neighboring climate.
C. Today, the Chinese people are committing to their modernization need more than ever a long-term international environment of peace and a favorable neighboring climate.
D. Today, the Chinese people are committed to their modernization need more than ever a long-term international environment of peace and a favorable neighboring climate.
7.相互了解，是发展国与国之间关系的前提。唯有相互了解，才能增进信任，加强合作。
A. Mutual understanding is the basis for state-to-state relations. Only with mutual understanding, it would be possible for countries to build trust in and promote cooperation with each other.
B. Mutual understanding is the basis for state-to-state relations. Without it, it would be impossible for countries to build trust in and promote cooperation with one another.
C. Mutual understanding is the basis for state-to-state relations, without it, it would be impossible for countries to build trust in and promote cooperation with each other.
D. Mutual understanding is the basis for state-to-state relations, only with mutual understanding, it would be possible for countries to build trust in and promote cooperation with one another.
8.合营企业的一切活动应遵守中华人民共和国法律、法令和有关条例规定。
A. All activities of an equity joint venture should comply by the provisions of the laws, decrees and pertinent regulations of the People’s Republic of China.
B. All activities of an equity joint venture shall abide with the provisions of the laws, decrees and pertinent regulations of the People’s Republic of China.
C. All activities of an equity joint venture shall comply with the provisions of the laws, decrees and pertinent regulations of the People’s Republic of China.
D. All activities of an equity joint venture should abide by the provisions of the laws, decrees and pertinent regulations of the People’s Republic of China.
9.按照《联合国海洋法公约》的规定，中国还对广阔的大陆架和专属经济区行使主权和管辖权。
A. As defined by the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea, China also exercises sovereignty and jurisdiction over the vast continental shelves and exclusive economic zones.
B. Defined by the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea, China also exercises sovereignty and jurisdiction over the vast continental shelves and exclusive economic zones
C. China defined by the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea also exercises sovereignty and jurisdiction over the vast continental shelves and exclusive economic zones.
D. China as defined by the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea also exercises sovereignty and jurisdiction over the vast continental shelves and exclusive economic zones.
10.做事要有毅力，不要因为事情很难或者麻烦而撒手不干。
A. Practise perseverance or never give up a thing because it is hard or inconvenient.
B. Practise perseverance and not to give up a thing because it is hard or inconvenient.
C. Practise perseverance and never give up a thing because it is hard or inconvenient.
D. Practise perseverance or not to give up a thing because it is hard or inconvenient.

B. Directions: This part consists of five unfinished statements, each followed by four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes each statement. (Please write the corresponding letter on the answer sheet.)
11.______认为“以效果而论，翻译应当像临画一样，所求的不在形似而在神似。”
A.郭沫若 B.茅盾
C.傅雷 D.王佐良
12.“翻译的确切性就是通过复制原文形式的特点(如果语言条件许可的话)，或创造在作用上与原文特点相符的东西来表达原文所特有的内容与形式间的相互关系。”这是费道罗夫在他的著作______中指出的。
A.《语言与翻译面面观》 B.《语言与翻译》
C.《论翻译的原则》 D.《翻译理论概要》
13. According to A. F. Tytler, the three principles of translation are the following EXCEPT that ______.
A. the translation should have all the ease of the original composition
B. the translation should give a complete transcript of the ideas of the original work
C. the merit of the original work should be completely transfused into another language
D. the style and manner of writing should be of the same character with that of the original
14.著名翻译家王佐良教授以翻译英诗为主，他对译诗的看法是______。
A.格律要如原诗，追求每行字数的一律
B.译者在自己的译文风格上不必追求创新和探索
C.译诗须像诗，要忠实传达原作的内容、意境、情调
D.语言要设法接近原作，要保持其原有的新鲜或锐利，但是形象可以意译
15.原文：该厂产品的主要特点是工艺精湛，经久耐用。
译文: The products of this factory are chiefly characterized by their fine workmanship and durability.
对于原文中的黑体部分，译者采用的主要翻译技巧是______。
A.增词 B.减词
C.词类转换 D.分译法

II. Word and Phrase Translation (20 points, 1 point for each)
A. Directions: Turn the following words and phrases into Chinese. (Please write your answer on the answer sheet.)
16. anti-doping agency 17. Achilles’ heel
18. enforcement power 19. geologist
20. entrepreneurial spirit 21. life imprisonment
22. duty-free goods 23. the New Testament
24. global positioning system 25. blue chips
B. Directions: Turn the following words and phrases into English. (Please write your answer on the answer sheet.)
26.琉璃瓦 27.残奥会
28.丝绸之路 29.旅游旺季
30.余震 31.中国红十字会
32.履行义务 33.知识密集型产业
34.多边外交 35.同声传译

III. Translation Revision (20 points, 2 points for e