人教版必修五Unit1GreatScientistsGrammar过去分词作定语.pptx

过去分词过去分词作作定语定语和和表语表语the Past Participle as the Attribute and PredicativeUnit 1 Great Scientists -Grammar动词不定式to do动名词v-ing分词v-ing(现在分词)v-ed(过去分词)非谓语动词非谓语动词不能做谓语的动词不能做谓语的动词1.动名词，既有动词的性质，也有名词的性质，既然是名词那就可以做主语和宾语。2.现在分词没有名词性质，所以不能做主语和宾语。动名词作表语可以和主语互换，而动名词不行。3.现在分词作定语和被修饰词之间是主谓关系，动名词 作定语可以换成：名词+for+动名词。Reading is interesting.阅读是有趣的。I like reading.我喜欢阅读。My hobby is swimming.我的爱好是游泳。Swimming is my hobby.游泳是我的爱好。动名词v-ing和现在分词v-ing的区别a meeting room 会议室a falling leaf 一片落叶主语主语谓语谓语宾语宾语表语表语定语定语状语状语补语补语不定式不定式动名词动名词分词分词非谓语动词可以做什么句子成分？词短语句子修饰修饰修饰修饰名词或名词或名词或名词或代词的代词的代词的代词的形容词后置定语后置定语后置定语后置定语后置定语后置定语后置定语后置定语前置定语前置定语前置定语前置定语形容词短语介词短语非谓语动词短语非谓语动词短语非谓语动词短语非谓语动词短语定语从句定语(Attribute)“.的”现在分词短语过去分词短语过去分词短语过去分词短语过去分词短语to doto doto doto do哪些词可以哪些词可以哪些词可以哪些词可以作定语？作定语？作定语？作定语？非谓语动词：v-ed,v-ing,to do exciting news,excited people,a lot of work to do(大量工作要去做)a good place to have fun(一个玩乐的好地方)名词名词名词名词：为了说明名词的材料：a diamand ring 用途：a meeting room时间：Spring Festival地点：Beijing University内容：sports meeting类别：a bus driver数词数词数词数词:two theories,a rule形容词:限定描绘大长高,形状年龄和新老,颜色国籍跟材料,用途类别往后靠.代词或名词所有格：代词或名词所有格：代词或名词所有格：代词或名词所有格：this,that,these,those,my,your,his.Toms,my sisters一只受伤的小鸟一只受伤的小鸟一一.过去分词过去分词作作定语定语 (AttributeAttribute)1.1.1.1.形式：规则的过去分词由动词形式：规则的过去分词由动词形式：规则的过去分词由动词形式：规则的过去分词由动词+ed+ed+ed+ed构成构成构成构成 不规则的过去分词不规则的过去分词不规则的过去分词不规则的过去分词(课本课本课本课本page104-107)page104-107)page104-107)page104-107)2.2.2.2.位置：位置：位置：位置：前置定语：单个过去分词前置定语：单个过去分词前置定语：单个过去分词前置定语：单个过去分词,放在名词前放在名词前放在名词前放在名词前 后置定语：分词短语后置定语：分词短语后置定语：分词短语后置定语：分词短语,放在名词后放在名词后放在名词后放在名词后3.3.3.3.意义：意义：意义：意义：vt-edvt-edvt-edvt-ed做定语做定语做定语做定语表被动和完成表被动和完成表被动和完成表被动和完成 vi-edvi-edvi-edvi-ed做定语做定语做定语做定语只表完成只表完成只表完成只表完成(不及物动词没有被动不及物动词没有被动不及物动词没有被动不及物动词没有被动)a broken glassan injured birda lighted candle一个碎了的玻璃杯一个碎了的玻璃杯一只点燃的蜡烛一只点燃的蜡烛stars loved by teenagersa teacher respected by studentsa book written by Lu Xunfallen leaves 落叶落叶the risen sun 升起的太阳升起的太阳a closed door一扇关着的门一扇关着的门a used book 一本用过的书一本用过的书a.a.a.a.单个过去分词修饰单个过去分词修饰单个过去分词修饰单个过去分词修饰 something,everything,anything,something,everything,anything,nothing,somebody,nobodynothing,somebody,nobody，anyone,anyone,等等等等不定代词和不定代词和不定代词和不定代词和指示代词指示代词指示代词指示代词 thosethose时，也要放在这些词时，也要放在这些词时，也要放在这些词时，也要放在这些词后面后面后面后面。Is there Is there Is there Is there anything undone?anything undone?anything undone?anything undone?还有没做完的事吗？还有没做完的事吗？还有没做完的事吗？还有没做完的事吗？Have Have Have Have those hurt those hurt those hurt those hurt been sent to hospital?been sent to hospital?been sent to hospital?been sent to hospital?那些受伤的人已经被送去医院了吗？那些受伤的人已经被送去医院了吗？那些受伤的人已经被送去医院了吗？那些受伤的人已经被送去医院了吗？注意：The man beaten by Angelababy is Deng Chao.The man who is beaten by Anglelababy is Deng Chao.被被anglelababyanglelababy打的那个人是邓超。打的那个人是邓超。b.b.过去分词短语作后置定语时，相当于一个定语从句。过去分词短语作后置定语时，相当于一个定语从句。The little girl dressed in purse looks like Wang Zulan.The little girl who is dressed in purse looks like Wang Zulan.穿紫色衣服的小女孩看起来像王祖蓝。b.b.过去分词短语作后置定语时，相当于一个定语从句。过去分词短语作后置定语时，相当于一个定语从句。练习一练习一练习一练习一.句型转换。句型转换。句型转换。句型转换。1.Mona Lisa is a picture_(paint)by Da Vinci.1.Mona Lisa is a picture_(paint)by Da Vinci.=Mona Lisa is a picture =Mona Lisa is a picture _ _by Da Vinci.by Da Vinci.which/that was paintedpaintedb.b.过去分词短语作后置定语时，相当于一个定语从句。过去分词短语作后置定语时，相当于一个定语从句。过去分词短语过去分词短语过去分词短语过去分词短语 定语从句：其前面加关系代词和系动词。定语从句：其前面加关系代词和系动词。定语从句：其前面加关系代词和系动词。定语从句：其前面加关系代词和系动词。定语从句定语从句定语从句定语从句 过去分词短语：去掉关系代词和系动词。过去分词短语：去掉关系代词和系动词。过去分词短语：去掉关系代词和系动词。过去分词短语：去掉关系代词和系动词。stars loved by teenagers =who are loved by teenagersa teacher respected by students =who was respected by studentsa book written by Lu Xun =that/which was written by Lu Xun2.The girl who is dressed in red is Kellys friend.=The girl _ is Kellys friend.练习二练习二 句型转换句型转换1.A thief stole the goat that was tied to the tree.=A thief stole the goat _ to the tree.tiedtieddressed in reddressed in red burnt down in the sixteenth centuryburnt down in the sixteenth century3.The castle,which was burnt down in the 16th century,was never rebuilt.=The castle,_ was never rebuilt.5.The project,which was designed by the Chinese engineers,was constructed in only 2 year.=The project,_,was constructed in only 2 year.designed by the chinese enineersdesigned by the chinese enineersC.过去分词和现在分词在做定语时的区别：过去分词和现在分词在做定语时的区别：fallen leavesfalling leaves boiled water boiling water现在分词现在分词:表示主动、进行的动作表示主动、进行的动作过去分词过去分词:表示被动、完成的动作表示被动、完成的动作C.过去分词和现在分词在做定语时的区别：过去分词和现在分词在做定语时的区别：doing doing“正在正在”主动的动作正在发生主动的动作正在发生 done“done“被被”被动的动作已经完成 being done“being done“正在被正在被”被动的动作正在发生to be done “to be done “将被将被”被动的动作将要发生d.四种非谓语动词形式作定语所表示的内涵I know the people I know the people buildingbuilding the house there.the house there.我认识那些正在那儿建房子的人。我认识那些正在那儿建房子的人。我认识那些正在那儿建房子的人。我认识那些正在那儿建房子的人。(主动、进行）主动、进行）The house The house being builtbeing built over there is a shop.over there is a shop.正在正在正在正在那儿那儿那儿那儿被建的房子是一个商店。被建的房子是一个商店。被建的房子是一个商店。被建的房子是一个商店。(被动、进行被动、进行)The house The house built built over there is a shop.over there is a shop.那儿建好的房子是一个商店。那儿建好的房子是一个商店。那儿建好的房子是一个商店。那儿建好的房子是一个商店。(被动、完成被动、完成)The house The house to be builtto be built over there is a shop.over there is a shop.在那儿将要建的房子是一个商店。在那儿将要建的房子是一个商店。在那儿将要建的房子是一个商店。在那儿将要建的房子是一个商店。(被动、将来被动、将来)1.His book _ last year sells well.1.His book _ last year sells well.2.His book _ now will be on sale 2.His book _ now will be on sale next year.next year.3.His book _ next year will be 3.His book _ next year will be his best one.his best one.4.The press(4.The press(出版社出版社)_ his book is)_ his book is famous in the city.famous in the city.publish(出版)published being published to be published publishing 二.过去分词作表语(Predictive)1.1.位置和意义：位于系动词之后，多表示主语的心情、位置和意义：位于系动词之后，多表示主语的心情、状态、性质。状态、性质。1.look,sound,smell,taste,feel(感官动词感官动词)2.be,become,get,turn,grow,fall(变得变得)3.stay,keep,remain(保持保持)4.seem,appear(似乎；显得似乎；显得)5.turn out,prove（证明是，结果是）She looks disappointed.她看上去很失望。(1)(1)表情感的过去分词：表情感的过去分词：delighted/pleaseddelighted/pleasedinterestedinteresteddisappointed/upsetdisappointed/upsetsurprised/astonishedsurprised/astonishedexcitedexcitedshockedshockedfrightenedfrightenedsatisfiedsatisfiedpuzzled/confusedpuzzled/confused(2).表状态的一些过去分词：lost;seated,hidden,lost/absorbed in(专心于专心于)born(出生出生);dressed in(穿着穿着);tired of(厌烦厌烦).eg.那个小孩迷路了。The little boy got lost.飞机着陆的时候乘客要保持就座的状态。The passengers should remain/be seated as the plane is making a landing.为了不被发现，小偷藏在床下面。In order not to be found,the thief was hidden under the bed.二.过去分词作表语(Predicative)2.2.2.2.过去分词过去分词过去分词过去分词(V-edV-ed)和现在分词和现在分词和现在分词和现在分词(V-ingV-ing)形式作表语的形式作表语的形式作表语的形式作表语的区别区别区别区别:V-edV-ed表状态表状态表状态表状态 “感到感到”常用来形容常用来形容常用来形容常用来形容sb.sb.sb.sb.V-ingV-ing表特征表特征表特征表特征“令人令人”常用来形容常用来形容常用来形容常用来形容sth.sth.sth.sth.eg.这部电影如此的有趣以至于我对它很感兴趣。The film is so interesting that Im interested in it.surprising surprised exciting excited disappointing disappointed tiring tired amazing amazed boring bored relaxing relaxed pleasing pleasedconfusing confused satisfying satisfied astonishing astonished inspiring inspired amusing amused movingmoveddepressing depressed The mouse was very_ at the _ cats.(frighten)frightenedfrighteningV-ed作表语,意为“感到.”常用来形容sb,也可以用来形容动物。感到害怕的感到害怕的 令人害怕的令人害怕的 The _ look in her face suggested that she was _.A.frightened,frightenedB.frightening,frightenedC.frightened,frighteningD.frightening,frightenlook,expression(表情)虽然是sth,也可以用v-ed作定语修饰,意为“感到.的”A Aa frightened look/expression(表情)一个(感到)害怕的表情a frightening look/expression一个令人害怕的表情3.3.过去分词作表语与被动语态的区别过去分词作表语与被动语态的区别:表语：放在表语：放在表语：放在表语：放在系动词系动词的后面说明主语的的后面说明主语的的后面说明主语的的后面说明主语的状态或特征状态或特征状态或特征状态或特征被动：表示主语是动作的承受者，强调被动：表示主语是动作的承受者，强调被动：表示主语是动作的承受者，强调被动：表示主语是动作的承受者，强调动作动作动作动作 构成：构成：构成：构成：be+done+be+done+be+done+be+done+bybyeg.eg.eg.eg.杯子破了。杯子破了。杯子破了。杯子破了。The cup The cup The cup The cup is brokenis brokenis brokenis broken.杯子被杯子被杯子被杯子被TomTomTomTom打破了。打破了。打破了。打破了。The cup The cup The cup The cup was broken bywas broken bywas broken bywas broken by Tom.Tom.Tom.Tom.(被动语态被动语态)（系表结构）（系表结构）1.As is known to us all,traveling is _,but we often feel _ when we are back from travels.A.interesting;tiredB.interested;tiringC.interesting;tiringD.interested;tired 2.Hearing the _ news,we all felt _.A.encouraging,encouraging,B.encouraged,encouraged C.encouraged,encouraging D.encouraging,encouraged3.From the dates _ on the gold coin,it is confirmed that was made five hundred years ago.A.marking B.marked C.to be marked D.having been marked4.The _ look in her face suggested that she _ it before.A.surprising,wouldnt knowB.surprised,hadnt knownC.surprising,hadnt knownD.surprised,shouldnt know5.The first textbooks _ for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century.A.having written B.to be written C.written D.being written过去分词作定语和表语的区别过去分词作定语和表语的区别:定语定语 放在放在名词和代词名词和代词的前面或后面的前面或后面 表示动作表示动作完成完成 或或被动被动表语表语 放在放在be be 动词或系动词动词或系动词的后面的后面 说明主语的说明主语的状态或特征状态或特征SummarySummaryThey are cleaning up the rubbish of the polluted river._(vt/vi)的过去分词做定语，表示_(完成、被动)How beautiful the risen sun is!旭日真美啊！旭日真美啊！_(vt/vi)的过去分词做定语，表示_(完成/被动)Autumn is coming.There are a lot of Autumn is coming.There are a lot of fallenfallen leaves leaves on the ground.on the ground._(vt/vi)的过去分词做定语，表示_(完成/被动)