无线电源传输系统说明.docx

QI标准无线充电系统说明
第一卷（欣希电子提供）
www.shinehi.cc
1 General
1.1 Scope
Volume I of the System Description Wireless Power Transfer consists of the following documents:
• Part 1, Interface Definition.
• Part 2, Performance Requirements.
• Part 3, Compliance Testing.
This document defines the interface between a Power Transmitter and a Power Receiver.
1 摘要
1.1 范围
“无线电源发射器系统说明”的第一卷，包括以下内容：
ž 第一部分：接口定义
ž 第二部分：性能要求
ž 第三部分：一致性测试
本文详细阐述了发射端和接收端的接口问题。
1.2 Main features
• A method of contactless power transfer from a Base Station to a Mobile Device, which is based on near field magnetic induction between coils.
• Transfer of around 5 W of power, using an appropriate Secondary Coil (having a typical outer dimension of around 40 mm).
• Operation at frequencies in the 100...205 kHz range.
• Support for two methods of placing the Mobile Device on the surface of the Base Station:
• Guided Positioning helps a user to properly place the Mobile Device on the surface of a Base Station that provides power through a single or a few fixed locations of that surface.
• Free Positioning enables arbitrary placement of the Mobile Device on the surface of a Base Station that can provide power through any location of that surface.
• A simple communications protocol enabling the Mobile Device to take full control of the power transfer.
• Considerable design flexibility for integration of the system into a Mobile Device.
• Very low stand-by power achievable (implementation dependent).
1.2 主要特点
ž 能量从基站到移动设备的非接触式传输方法，基于线圈间的近磁场感应原理
ž 使用辅助线圈，进行大约5W能量传输。（线圈外观尺寸大约为40mm)
ž 在频率为100--205赫兹范围内进行操作
ž 支持两种方式放置移动设备到基站表面（松耦合及紧耦合-欣希电子注）
ž 通过单一或多个固定位置提供能量的基站上，定位装置将引导用户去正确放置移动设备
ž 基站表面任意位置都可进行能量传输，支持移动设备在基站表面随意放置
ž 简易通信规则能使移动设备完全控制能量的传输
ž 集成系统到移动设备的极大设计灵活性
ž 可实现的极低的待机功耗（待实现）
1.3 Conformance and references
All specifications in this document are mandatory, unless specifically indicated as recommended or optional or informative. To avoid any doubt, the word "shall” indicates a mandatory behavior of the specified component, i.e. it is a violation of this System Description Wireless Power Transfer if the specified component does not exhibit the behavior as defined. In addition, the word "should” indicates a recommended behavior of the specified component, i.e. it is not a violation of this System Description Wireless Power Transfer if the specified component has valid reasons to deviate from the defined behavior. And finally, the word "may” indicates an optional behavior of the specified component, i.e. it is up to the specified component whether to exhibit the defined behavior (without deviating there from) or not.
In addition to the specifications provided in this document, product implementations shall also conform to the specifications provided in the System Descriptions listed below. Moreover, the relevant parts of the International Standards listed below shall apply as well. If multiple revisions exist of any System Description or International Standard listed below, the applicable revision is the one that was most recently published at the release date of this document.
[Part 2] System Description Wireless Power Transfer, Volume I, Part 2, PerformanceRequirements.
[Part 3] System Description Wireless Power Transfer, Volume I, Part 3, ComplianceTesting.
[PRMC] Power Receiver Manufacturer Codes, Wireless Power Consortium.
[SI] The International System of Units (SI), Bureau International des Poids et Mesures.
1.3 一致性及参考文献
如非特别指明是可选性、推荐性或者告知性，本文中所有规格均为强制性的。为避免疑惑，单词“shall” 后的所述内容带有强制性，换言之，如果所述内容未显示其强制性，那将和“无线电源发射器系统说明”相违背。另外，单词“shuold” 代表所述内容为推荐性的，换言之，如果所述内容有正当理由而与定义内容不符，则不属于违背“无线电源发射器系统说明”。最后，单词“may”说明所述内容为可选，也就是说，是否具有强制性则取决于所述内容本身（没有违背一说）。
除本文所表述的技术规格外，产品还要符合系统说明中以下所附的规格。
此外，下面所列举的国际标准相关部分也应被适用。如果任一系统说明或者国际标准（以下所附）的多个版本同时存在，以发布日期最晚的版本为准。
【第二部分】无线电源发射器系统说明，第一卷，第二部分，性能要求
【第三部分】无线电源发射器系统说明，第一卷，第三部分，一致性测试
【PRMC】电源接收器制造商代码，无线充电联盟
【SI】公制国际单位制，国际计量局
1.4 Definitions
Active Area The part of the Interface Surface of a Base Station respectively Mobile Device through which a sufficiently high magnetic flux penetrates when the Base Station is providing power to the Mobile Device.
Base Station A device that is able to provide near field inductive power as specified in this System Description Wireless Power Transfer. A Base Station carries a logo to visually indicate to a user that the Base Station complies with this System Description Wireless Power Transfer.
Communications and Control Unit
The functional part of a Power Transmitter respectively Power Receiver that controls the power transfer. (Informative) Implementation-wise, the Communications and Control Unit may be distributed over multiple subsystems of the Base Station respectively Mobile Device.
1.4 定义
有效面积 基站和移动装置接触面部分，此处高磁通贯通，基站可经此为移动装置传输电量。
基站 无线电源发射器系统说明中可提供近场感应电源的装置，基站带有QI标示，可让用户在视觉上分辨基站符合该无线电源发射器的系统说明。
通讯控制单元 发射端和接收端的功能部分控制着功率传输。（告知性）明智做法是将通信精致模块布置在基站和移动装置的多个子系统中。
Control Point The combination of voltage and current provided at the output of the Power Receiver, and other parameters that are specific to a particular Power Receiver implementation.
控制点 在电能接收端输出部分所提供的电压和电流的综合考量，以及其它为实现接收端特定功能的其它因素
Detection Unit The functional part of a Power Transmitter that detects the presence of a Power Receiver on the Interface Surface.
侦测单元 发射端功能的一部分，用来侦测是否有接收端置于界面上。
Digital Ping The application of a Power Signal in order to detect and identify a Power Receiver.
数位嗅探 电信号应用，目的是为了侦测并识别接收端设备
Free Positioning A method of positioning a Mobile Device on the Interface Surface of a Base Station that does not require the user to align the Active Area of the Mobile Device to the Active Area of the Base Station.
自由定位 一种将移动设备放置于基站界面上的方法，此方法不需要用户将移动设备精准对齐放置在基站表面。
Foreign Object Any object that is positioned on the Interface Surface of a Base Station, but is not part of a Mobile Device.
异物 任何放置在基站界面上的、不属于移动设备的物体
Guided Positioning A method of positioning a Mobile Device on the Interface Surface of a Base Station that does not require the user to align the Active Area of the Mobile Device to the Active Area of the Base Station.
引导定位 一种用于将移动设备定位在基站界面上的方法，该方法不需要用户将移动设备精准对齐放置在基站表面。
Interface Surface A flat part of the surface of a Base Station respectively Mobile Device that is closest to the Primary Coil(s) respectively Secondary Coil.
界面 基站表面的平面，此平面分别离接收端次级线圈最近，或此平面离初级线圈最近。
Mobile Device A device that is able to consume near field inductive power as specified in this System Description Wireless Power Transfer. A Mobile Device carries a logo to visually indicate to a user that the Mobile Device complies with this System Description Wireless Power Transfer.
移动设备 一种能吸收附近感应电能的装置，一个移动设备所标识的LOGO将清楚地向用户表明此移动设备所适用的无线电能传输规范内容。
Operating Frequency The oscillation frequency of the Power Signal.
操作频率 电信号的振荡频率
Operating Point The combination of the frequency, duty cycle and amplitude of the voltage that is applied to the Primary Cell.
操作点 频率、电压频率及占空比综合考量
Packet A data structure that the Power Receiver uses to communicate a message to the Power Transmitter. A Packet consists of a preamble, a header byte, a message, and a checksum. A Packet is named after the kind of message that it contains.
数据包 接收端向发射端通信所发送的数据结构，一个数据包包含数据序、数据头字节、信息、校验码，数据包以其包含信息类型命名。
Power Conversion Unit The functional part of a Power Transmitter that converts electrical energy to a Power Signal.
能量转换单元 发射端功能部分，用来将电能转换为电信号
Power Pick-up Unit The functional part of a Power Receiver that converts a Power Signal to electrical energy.
电能收集单元 接收端功能部分，用来将电信号转换为电能
Power Receiver The subsystem of a Mobile Device that acquires near field inductive power and controls its availability at its output, as defined in this System Description
接收端 移动设备的子系统，如此子系统内容所定义的那样，用来获取附近感应场电量、并控制其输出
Wireless Power Transfer. For this purpose, the Power Receiver communicates its power requirements to the Power Transmitter.
无线电能传输 基于此目的，电能接收端发送电能需求信号给发射端
Power Signal The oscillating magnetic flux that is enclosed by a Primary Cell and possibly a Secondary Coil.
电信号 发射端初级线圈或可能存在的接收端次级线圈近场的振荡磁通
Power Transfer Contract A set of boundary conditions on the parameters that characterize the power transfer from a Power Transmitter to a Power Receiver. Violation of any of these boundary conditions causes the power transfer to abort.
能量传输协议 接收端和发射端进行电信号传输时的一套限制条件。
1.5 Acronyms（以下为标准定义缩小）
AC Alternating Current
AWG American Wire Gauge
DC Direct Current
lsb Least significant bit
msb Most significant bit
N.A. Not Applicable
PID Proportional Integral Differential
RMS Root Mean Square
UART Universal Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter
USB Universal Serial Bus
1.6 Symbols
Cd Capacitance parallel to the Secondary Coil [nF]
Cm Capacitance in the impedance matching network [nF]
CP Capacitance in series with the Primary Coil [nF]
Cs Capacitance in series with the Secondary Coil [nF]
dS Distance between a coil and its Shielding [mm]
dz Distance between a coil and the Interface Surface [mm]
fcLK Communications bit rate [kHz]
fd Resonant detection frequency [kHz]
fop Operating Frequency [kHz]
fs Secondary resonance frequency [kHz]
Im Primary Coil current modulation depth [mA]
I0 Power Receiver output current [mA]
IP Primary Coil current [mA]
Lm Inductance in the impedance matching network [μH]
L P Primary Coil self inductance [μH]
Ls Secondary Coil self inductance (Mobile Device away from Base Station) [μH]
L's Secondary Coil self inductance (Mobile Device on top of Base Station) [μH]
Pfo Power loss that results in heating of a Foreign Object [W]
Ppr Total amount of power received through the Interface Surface [W]
PpT Total amount of power transmitted through the Interface Surface [W]
tdelay Power Control Hold-off Time [ms]
tcLK Communications clock period [μs]
tT Maximum transition time of the communications [μs]
Vr Rectified voltage [V]
V0 Power Receiver output voltage [V]
1.7 Conventions
This Section 1.7 defines the notations and conventions used in this System Description Wireless Power Transfer.
1.7 规则
本节详细阐述了“无线电源传输系统说明”中的符号和规则。
1.7.1 Cross references
Unless indicated otherwise, cross references to Sections in either this document or documents listed in Section 1.3, refer to the referenced Section as well as the sub Sections contained therein.
1.7.1 交叉引用
除非另有说明，无论本文还是在1.3节中所列文件对于章节的交叉引用是指所引用的章节及其包含的子系统章节。
1.7.2 Informative text
With the exception of Sections that are marked as informative, all informative text is set in italics.
1.72 信息文本
除明确标记章节为告知性以外，所有告知性文本均设置为斜体。
1.7.3 Terms in capitals
All terms that start with a capital are defined in Section 1.4. As an exception to this rule, Packet names and fields are defined in Section 6.3.
1.7.3 大写术语
所有以大写字母开头的术语均在1.4章节中做了详细阐述。作为例外，分组名称及字段在6.3章节中做了阐述。
1.7.4 Notation of numbers
Real numbers are represented using the digits 0 to 9, a decimal point, and optionally an exponential part. In addition, a positive and/or negative tolerance may follow a real number. Real numbers that do not include an explicit tolerance, have a tolerance of half the least significant digit that is specified. (Informative) For example, a specified value of 1.2 3 + 0 02 comprises the range from 1.21 through 1.24; a specified value of 1.2 3+0 0 2 comprises the range from 1.23 through 1.24; a specified value of 1.2 3 _ 0 .0 2 comprises the range from 1.21 through 1.23; a specified value of 1.23 comprises the range from 1.225 through 1.234999...; and a specified value of 1. 2 3 ± 2 0 0/0 comprises the range from 1.107 through 1.353.
1.7.5 数字符号
实际数字均用0—9、小数点以及可选的指数部分来表示。另外，正/负公差也可遵循实数原则。不包含显示公差的实数至少含有表述数字一半的公差值。（告知性）例如，数值1.23的包含范围是1.21—1.24；数值1.23+0.02 的包含范围是1.23—1.24；数值1.23-0.02的包含范围是1.21--1.23；数值1.23的包含范围是1.225—1.23499999…；或者数值1.23±10%的包含范围是1.107—1.353.
Integer numbers in decimal notation are represented using the digits 0 to 9.
Integer numbers in hexadecimal notation are represented using the hexadecimal digits 0 to 9 and A to F, and are preceded by “0x” (unless explicitly indicated otherwise).
Single bit values are represented using the words ZERO and ONE.
Integer numbers in binary notation and bit patterns are represented using sequences of the digits 0 and 1 that are enclosed in single quotes (''). In a sequence of n bits, the most significant bit (msb) is bit bn-1 and the least significant bit (lsb) is bit b0; the most significant bit is shown on the left-hand side.
十进制整数用0—9表示。
十六进制整数用0—9数字、A—F字母来表示，且加前缀“OX”(除明确指出外)。
单比特值使用字母ZERO和ONE表示。
二进制和位模式中的整数使用数字0和1来表示，并加注单引号(‘’)。在n比特序列中，比特最大值（msb）是bn-1和最小值b0；最大比特值显示在左侧。
1.7.4 Units of physical quantities
Physical quantities are expressed in units of the International System of Units [SI].
1.7.5 Bit ordering in a byte
The graphical representation of a byte is such that the msb is on the left, and the lsb is on the right. Figure 1-1 defines the bit positions in a byte.
1.7.6 物理量值单位
物理量值均使用国际计量系统中的单位。
1.7.6字节序列中的比特
比特的图形表示是最大值在左侧、最小值在右侧。如图1-1所示：图1-1 字节序列中的比特
msb lsb
b7
be
b5
b4
b3
b2
b1
b0
Figure 1-1: Bit positions in a byte
1.7.7 Byte numbering
The bytes in a sequence of n bytes are referred to as B0, B1, ..., Bn-1. Byte B0 corresponds to the first byte in the sequence; byte B„-1 corresponds to the last byte in the sequence. The graphical representation of a byte sequence is such that B0 is at the upper left-hand side, and byte B„-1 is at the lower right-hand side.
1.7.8 字节编号
多个字节序列中的字节用B0，B1，…,Bn-1来表示。B0对应序列中的第一字节；Bn-1对应序列中最后一个字节。字节序列的图像表示为B0在左上方，Bn-1在右下方。
1.7.9 多位字段
除非另有说明，多为字段在数据结构中均为无正负的整数值。在一个横跨多个字节的多位字段中，最大值位于字节的最低位，而最小值则位于字节的最高位。（告知性）图例1-2展示了一个跨越2字节的6位字段。
1.7.10 Multiple-bit Fields
Unless indicated otherwise, a multiple bit field in a data structure represents an unsigned integer value. In a multiple-bit field that spans multiple bytes, the msb of the multiple-bit field is located in the byte with the lowest address, and the lsb of the multiple-bit field is located in the byte with the highest address. (Informative) Figure 1-2 provides an example of a 6-bit field that spans two bytes.

bs
b4

bs
b2
b-1
bo

Bo B1
Figure 1-2: Example of multiple-bit field
1.8 Operators
This Section 1.8 defines the operators used in this System Description Wireless Power Transfer, which are less commonly used. The commonly used operators have their usual meaning.
1.8.1 Exclusive-OR
The symbol '©' represents the exclusive-OR operation.
1.8.2 Concatenation
The symbol II represents concatenation of two bit strings. In the resulting concatenated bit string, the msb of the right-hand side operand directly follows the lsb of the left-hand side ope