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1、常用教育词汇的翻译 基本框架 basic framework 办学效益 efficiency in school management 协调发展 doordinated and balanced program of development 教育投入 input in education 优化教师队伍 optimize the teaching staff 实行分区规划 practice regional planning 社会参与 communal participation 新增劳动力 incoming labor force 职前教育 pre-servi
2、ce education 岗位培训 undergo job-specific training 提高......的思想品德 enhance the moral awareness of ... 职业道德 professional ethics 重点学科 key disciplinary areas or priority fields of study （大学）专科 Major Types of Education in China short 2- to 3- year higher education programs 扫盲班 literacy class 注册
3、人数 enrollment 年龄段（层）age bracket 反复灌输 inculcate 希望工程 Project Hope 学龄儿童 school-ager 人才枯竭 exhaustion of human resources 辍/失学青少年 school dropout/leaver 基金会 foundation 服务性行业 service trade 在职培训 on-the-job/in-service training 国际劳工组织 International Labor Organization 基础科学 the fundament
4、als 学分制 the credit system 三学期制 the trimester system 双学士制 a double BA degree system 主副修制 a system of a major field of specialization plus a minor field 教学、科研、生产的"三结合" "3-in-1 combination" involving teaching,research, and production 三结合联合体 tripartite complex 定向招生 students are admitte
5、d to be trained for pre-determined employers 包分配 guarantee job assignments 燎原计划 the Prairie Fire Program 示范试点 demonstration pilot project 结合、使加入 incorporate 动员 mobilize 税收 tax revenue 多学科的 multi-disciplinary 重点大学 key university 授予（学士）confer 被授权 be authorized to do 博士后科研流动站 ce
6、nter for post-doctoral studies 专业 speciality 爱国人士 patriotic personage 国家发明奖 National Invention Prize 国家自然科学奖 National Prize for Natural Sciences 国家科技进步奖 National Prize for Progress in Science and Technology 学术报告会，专题讨论会 symposium 记者招待会 press conference 国家教委主任 Chairman of the State E
7、ducation Commission 国家统计局 the State Statistical Bureau 国家教育经费 national expenditure on education 财政拨款 financial allocation 半文盲 semiliterate; functional illiterate 占百分比 account for ...% 专任教师 full-time teacher 资料中心 data center 国际文化交流 intercultural communication 教育方针 guideline(s)/g
8、uiding principle(s) for education 教育必须为社会主义现代化服务，必须同生产劳动相结合，培养德智体全面发展的建设者和接班人。 Education must serve the needs of socialist modernization, be integrated with productive labor, and train builders and successors who are well developed morally, intellectuall and physically. 适应社会主义现代化建设需要，面向二十一世纪，具
9、有中国特色的社会主义教育体系。 a socialist education system with distince Chinese characteristics that meets the needs of socialist modernization and is oriented to the 21st century 坚持社会主义方向 to keep to the socialist orientation 身体好，学习好，工作好。Keep fit, study hard and work well. 德才兼备 to combine ability with ch
10、aracter; equal stress on integrity and ability 成为有理想，有道德，有文化，守纪律的劳动者 to become working people with lofty ideals, moral integrity, education and a sense of discipline 教育要面向现代化，面向世界，面向未来 Gear educaiton to the needs of modernization, the world and the future 爱国主义教育 education in patrotisem 国际主义教
11、育 education in internationalism 集体主义教育 education in collectivism 共产主义教育 education in communism 共产主义道德品质 communist ethics 政治思想教育 political and ideological education 五爱（爱祖国、爱人民、爱劳动、爱科学、爱护公物） "Five Love": love the motherland, the people, labor, and science and take good care of public propert
12、y. 教书育人 to educate the person as well as impart book knowledge 培养独立分析问题和解决问题的能力 to cultivate the ability to analyze and solve concrete problems independently 启发学生独立思考的能力 to help develop the ability of the students to think things out for themselves 培养学生自学能力 to foster the students' abil
13、ity to study on their own 发挥学生主动性、创造性 to give scope to the students' initiative and creativeness 自学成才 to become educated through independent study 启发式 elicitation method (of teaching); heuristic method 填鸭式教学法 cramming/forced-feeding method of teaching 普及教育 universal education 义务教育 co
14、mpulsory education; free education 学前教育 preschool education 初等教育 elementary education 中等教育 secondary education 高等教育 higher/tertiary education 普遍教育 general education 成人教育 adult education 职业技术教育 vocational and technical education 国家教育委员会 State Education Commission 高等学校 institution of
15、 higher education 综合性大学 comprehensive university 文科大学 university of liberal arts 文科院校 colleges of art 理工科大学 college/university of science and engineering 师范大学 normal university; teachers' university 师范学院 teachers' college 工业大学 polytechnical university 工业学院 engineering institute 农业大
16、学 agricultural university 农学院 agricultural college 医科大学 medical university 医学院 medical college/school 中医院 institute of traditional Chinese medicine 音乐学院 conservatory of music 美术学院 academy of fine arts 体育学院 physical culture institute 分校 branch school 重点学校 key school 业余学校 spare-tim
17、e school 业余职工大学 spare-time college for staff and workers 电视广播大学 television and radio broadcasting university 函授学院 correspondence school 教师进修学校 teachers' college for vocational studies 成人夜校 night school for adults 业余艺术/体育学校 amateur arts/athletic school 半工半读学校 part-work and part-study sc
18、hool 中等专业学校 secondary specialized school; polytechnic school 中等技术学校 secondary technical school; technical secondary school 职业学校 vocational school 附中 attached middle school 在职进修班 in-service training course 进修班 class for advanced studies 短训班 short-term training course 专修科 special (tr
19、aining) course 自学考试 self-taught examination 教职员 teaching and administrative staff 教学人员 the faculty; teaching staff 中、小学校长headmaster/headmistress; principal 大专院校校长 president; chancellor 教务长 dean of studies （系）主任 chairman; chairperson 副主任 vice-chairman 教授 professor 副教授 associate
20、professor 客座教授 visiting professor; guest professor 讲师 lecturer 助教 assistant 专职教师 full-time teacher 兼职教师 part-time teacher 辅导员 assistant for political and ideological work 教研室/组 teaching and research section/group 教学组 teaching group 教员休息室 staff room; common room 母校 Alma Mater 校友
21、alumnus; alumna 学生会 students' union/association 高年级学生 upper/higher grade pupil/student; pupil/student in senior grades 低年级学生 lower grade pupil/student; pupil/student in junior grades 走读生 day student; non-resident student 住宿生 boarder 旁听生 auditor 研究生 graduate student; post-graduate (stud
22、ent) 应届毕业生 graduating student/pupil; this year's graduates 听课 to visit a class; to sit in on a class;p to attend a lecture 公开课 open class 课程 course; curriculum 必修课 required/compulsory course 选修课 elective/optional course 基础课 basic course 专业课 specialized course 课程表 school timetable
23、 课外活动 extracurricular activities 课外辅导 instruction after class 课外阅读 outside reading 课堂讨论 class discussion （大学的）研究小组；讨论会 seminar 教学大纲 teaching program; syllabus 教学内容 content of courses 学习年限 period of schooling 学历 record of formal schooling 学年 school/academic year 学期 (school)term;
24、 semester 学分 credit 分数 mark; grade 五分制 the 5-grade marking system 百分制 100-mark system 学习成绩 academic record; school record 成绩单 school report; report card; transcript 及格分数pass mark 毕业论文 thesis; dissertation 毕业实习 graduation field work 毕业设计 graduation ceremony 毕业典礼 graduation ce
25、remony; commencement 毕业证书 diploma; graduation certificate 毕业鉴定 graduation appraisal 授予某人学位 to confer a degree on sb. 升级 to be promoted to a higher grade 留级 to repeat the year's work; to stay down 补考 make-up examination 升学t o go to a school of a higher grade; to enter a higher school
26、 升学率 proportion of students entering schools of a higher grade 奖学金 scholarship （国家）助学金 (state)stipend/subsidy 领取助学金的学生 a grant-aided student 学费 tuition (fee) 伙食费 board expenses 伙食补助 food allowance 教育文化词汇 来源: 无忧考网 （大学）代理校长 Acting President （大学）副校长 Vice President （大学）校长 Presid
27、ent/Chancellor （大学）专科 Major Types of Education in China short 2- to 3- year higher education programs （大学的）研究小组；讨论会 seminar （国家）助学金 (state)stipend/subsidy （戏剧学院）表演系Acting Department （系）主任 chairman; chairperson （小学）校长 Head /Master （职工）子弟学校 school for children of workers & staff members
28、 （中学）校长 Principal 爱国人士 patriotic personage 爱国主义教育 education in patriotism 百分制 100-mark system 班主任Class Discipline Adviser/Head Teacher 办学效益 efficiency in school management 半工半读学校 part-work and part-study school 半文盲 semiliterate; functional illiterate 包分配 guarantee job assignments
29、被授权 be authorized to do 必修课 required/compulsory course 毕业典礼 graduation ceremony; commencement 毕业鉴定 graduation appraisal 毕业论文 thesis; dissertation 毕业设计 graduation ceremony 毕业生graduate 毕业实习 graduation field work 毕业证书 diploma; graduation certificate 博士 doctor (Ph.D) 博士后 post doctora
30、te 博士后科研流动站 center for post-doctoral studies 补考 make-up examination 补习学校 continuation school 不及格fail 材料工程系 Department of Materials Engineering 材料科学系 Department of Materials Science 财贸学校 finance and trade school 财政拨款 financial allocation 测量系 Department of Survey 成绩单 school report;
31、 report card; transcript 成人教育 adult education 成人学校 adult school 成人夜校 night school for adults 成为有理想，有道德，有文化，守纪律的劳动者 to become working people with lofty ideals, moral integrity, education and a sense of discipline 初等教育 elementary education 初中 junior middle school 辍/失学青少年 school dropout/l
32、eaver 大学肆业生 undergraduate 德才兼备 to combine ability with character; equal stress on integrity and ability 低年级学生 lower grade pupil/student; pupil/student in junior grades 地理系 Department of Geography 地球物理系 Department of Geophysics 地质系 Department of Geology 电机工程系 Department of Electrical En
33、gineering 电机制造学校 electrical machinery school 电力学校 electric power school 电视大学 T.V. university 电子系 Department of Electronics 雕塑系 Department of Sculpture 定向招生 students are admitted to be trained for pre-determined employers 东方语言学系 Department of Oriental Languages & Literature 动物学系 Depar
34、tment of Zoology 动员 mobilize 短训班 short-term training course 多学科的 multi-disciplinary 俄语系 Department of Russian 发挥学生主动性、创造性 to give scope to the students' initiative and creativeness 法律系 Department of Law 法语系 French Language Department 反复灌输 inculcate 纺织工程系 Department of Textile Engin
35、eering 纺织航海学校 textile machinery school 分数 mark; grade 分校 branch school 服务性行业 service trade 辅导员 assistant for political and ideological work 附中 attached middle school 附属中学 attached middle school 副教授 associate professor 副修minor 副主任 vice-chairman 岗位培训 undergo job-specific training
36、 高等教育 higher/tertiary education 高等学校 institution of higher education 高年级学生 upper/higher grade pupil/student; pupil/student in senior grades 高中 senior middle school 工程物理系 Department of Engineering Physics 工业大学 polytechnic university 工业工程系 Department of Industrial Engineering 工业管理系 Dep
37、artment of Industrial Management 工业设计系 Department of Industrial Design 工业学院 engineering institute 公费生 government-supported student 公开课 open class 共产主义道德品质 communist ethics 共产主义教育 education in communism 管理科学系 Department of Management Science 广播电视大学 television and radio broadcasting un
38、iversity 国画系 Department of Tradition Chinese Painting 国际关系系 Department of International Relations 国际经济系 Department of International Economics 国际劳工组织 International Labor Organization 国际贸易系 Department of International Trade 国际文化交流 intercultural communication 国际政治系 Department of Internati
39、onal Politics 国际主义教育 education in internationalism 国家发明奖 National Invention Prize 国家教育经费 national expenditure on education 国家科技进步奖 National Prize for Progress in Science and Technology 国家统计局 the State Statistical Bureau 国家自然科学奖 National Prize for Natural Sciences 海洋学系 Department of Oce
40、anography 函授大学 correspondence college 航海系 Department of Navigation 河流港湾工程系 Department of River & Harbor Engineering 护理系 Department of Nursing 护士学校 nurses' school 化工学校 chemical engineering school 化学系 Department of Chemistry 环境工程学系 Department of Environmental Engineering 会计系 Departme
41、nt of Accounting 会计学校 accountant school 伙食补助 food allowance 伙食费 board expenses 机械工程系 Department of Mechanical Engineering 基本框架 basic framework 基础科学 the fundamentals 基础课 basic course 基金会 foundation 及格pass 集体主义教育 education in collectivism 计算机学系 Department of Computer Science 记者
42、招待会 press conference 技工学校 school of technology 寄宿生boarder 家业经济系 Department of Agricultural Economics 假期工作vacation jobs 坚持社会主义方向 to keep to the socialist orientation 兼职教授 Part-time Professor 建筑工程系 Department of Architectural Engineering 建筑工程学校 building engineering school 建筑学 Departm
43、ent of Architecture 讲师 Lecturer/Instructor 奖励 rewards 奖学金scholarship 奖学金生 prize fellow 教材编写组 Teaching Materials Writing Group 教导主任 Director of Teaching and 教师进修学校 teachers' college for vocational studies 教授 professor 教书育人 to educate the person as well as impart book knowledge 教务长
44、 Dean/Director of Teaching Affairs, dean of studies 教学、科研、生产的"三结合" "3-in-1 combination" involving teaching, research, and production 教学大纲 teaching program; syllabus 教学内容 content of courses 教学人员 the faculty; teaching staff 教学组 teaching group 教研室/组 teaching and research section/group 教研室
45、主任 Head of the Teaching and Research Section 教育必须为社会主义现代化服务，必须同生产劳动相结合，培养德智体全面发展的建设者和接班人。 Education must serve the needs of socialist modernization, be integrated with productive labor, and train builders and successors who are well developed morally, intellectually and physically. 教育部 Ministry
46、of Education 教育程度educational background 教育方针 guideline(s)/guiding principle(s) for education 教育投入 input in education 教育系 Department of Education 教育要面向现代化，面向世界，面向未来 Gear education to the needs of modernization, the world and the future 教员休息室 staff room; common room 教职员 teaching and admi
47、nistrative staff 结合、使加入 incorporate 解剖学 Department of Anatomy 进修班 class for advanced studies 进修课程refresher course 经济（学）系 Department of Economics 经济管理系 Department of Economic Management 考古学系 Department of Archaeology 考试examination 客座教授 visiting professor; guest professor 课程 course
48、 curriculum 课程包括curriculum included 课程表 school timetable 课程重点部分educational highlights 课堂讨论 class discussion 课外辅导 instruction after class 课外活动extracurricular activities 课外阅读 outside reading 矿冶系 Department of Mining and Metallurgy 昆虫学系 Department of Entomology 理工科大学 college/univer
49、sity of science and engineering 理科大学 university of science 历史系 Department of History 燎原计划 the Prairie Fire Program 林学系 Department of Forestry 领取助学金的学生 a grant-aided student 留级 to repeat the year's work; to stay down 留学生 international student 聋哑学校 school of deaf-mutes 旅游管理系 Departme
50、nt of Tourist Management 论文导师 supervisor 盲人学校 school for the blind/ blind men's school 美术学院 academy of fine arts 民办学校 private school 名誉教授 Honorary Professor 母校 Alma Mater 年龄段（层）age bracket 农学系 Department of Agriculture 农学院 agricultural college 农业大学 agricultural university 农业中学
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